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First-year accounting students' experiences adjusting chalenges to university life
Full text linkThe object of research: to explores the adjustment experiences to university life of first year accounting students.
Investigated problems: Adaptation challenges, to the university environment which creates significant stress, affect retention, academic performance, and social demands of first year students – all academic and social integrations are major challenges for first year students.
The main scientific results: The findings for the study revealed that first-year accounting students report encouraging and undesirable academic and social adjustment experiences respectively. Encouraging academic adjustment experiences related to the availability of support from departmental personnel from the faculty. Undesirable academic experiences included lack of time management, and workload and independence issues.
The area of practical use of the research results: Encouraging social adjustment included, among others, the introduction of mentors to first years, as well as a wellness center; on the other hand, undesirable social adjustment highlighted independence and disintegration. The study further suggests that universities, through their student support services and faculties, should have in place support strategies, as well as a programme, which promote the interaction of first year students within their institutions throughout their first year of study.
Innovative technological product: According to the findings, the study recommends coordinated methods to ensure that the first year's accountings receive full support in order to help them successfully adapt to and fit into the new environment. The introduction of electronic platforms that allow first-year stakeholders to organize students and interact with their lecturers and other support structures like mentors and supplemental instructors (SI) a few weeks before the official class sessions is promoted. Additionally, it might be recommended for the wellness center to host workshops for freshmen on time management, managing the workload at the institution, and how independence can occasionally work against a student's academic wellbeing.
Scope of the innovative technological product: Students in their first year of accounting at one of South Africa's technical universities served as the study's respondents
Corruption in apartheid South Africa under John Vorster: a case study
Full text linkThe object of research: This article explores corruption during apartheid South Africa. The first part describes corruption and articulates or presents its effects on service delivery.
Investigated problem: This study examines John Vorster’s role in corruption during the 1970’s. It argues that Vorster and some cabinet ministers were implicated in corrupt practices during the period in question.
The main scientific results: The findings of this study reveal that corruption was rife in South Africa during apartheid era; it is not new. This research study adds to our understanding of political oddities in the 1970’s that affected the subsequent years.
The area of practical use of research results: The value of this study is that it may be possible to determine historical patterns and/or responses that can be applied in fighting corruption in present day South Africa. It concludes by stating that to combat corruption would require putting in place appropriate anti-corruption and legal machinery; and prosecute, without fear or favour, violations of public service codes of conduct.
Innovative technological product: The historical patterns investigated in this article can inform government policy on how to provide for the strengthening of measures to prevent and combat corruption and corrupt activities in modern South Africa; as well as to provide for the investigative measures in respect of corruption and related corrupt activities.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The Prevention and Combating of Corrupt Activities Act, 2004, provides for the establishment and endorsement of a Register in order to place certain restrictions on persons convicted of corrupt activities relating to tenders and contracts. Further, South Africans have welcomed the National Anti-Corruption Strategy which is a whole-of-society effort that envisions an ethical and accountable state, business and society characterized by high level of integrity and respect for the rule of law
Adsorption’s regularities of radionuclides on adsorbents from solutions
Full text linkThe object of research: The object of research is the uranium isotopes were found in the soil of the locations of numerous thermal and cold springs in the Kalbajar region of Azerbaijan in the same proportions as in natural uranium deposits.
Investigated problem: Uranium isotopes were transferred from soil samples to solutions. İnvestigated problem of scientific work is study of regularities of adsorption of uranium isotopes from solutions on the surfaces of various adsorbents.
The main scientific results: It is defined high adsorption properties of DOWEX HCR granular elastomer, activated carbon and expanded clay on the result of researches. The activation’s energy of desorption of uranium isotopes from the surface of adsorbents were determined. Relatively low values (22.1–26.3 kJ/mol) of the activation’s energy of desorption of uranium isotopes from the surface of adsorbents indicate the absence of the chemical nature of sorption and the presence of only weak van der Waals forces between the absorbed isotopes and the surface of the adsorbents.
The area of practical use of the research results: The regularities of adsorption of uran isotopes on adsorbent masses from aqueous solutions can be used as an original cleaning method of the drain water of the physical stage of crude oil refining or other radiochemical processes to the norms for waste water.
Innovative technological product: It was determined based on the research, that the concentration of radon in the waters of most springs of the “Istisu” deposit is below the regulatory permissible value (60 Bq/l), which indicates the suitability of these spring waters for use in medical treatment procedures.
Scope of the innovative technological product: It is planned to resume (prevented more than 40 years ago due to global regional problems) the production of the original trademark – “Istisu” medicinal water, with the concentration of radon below the standard value. Considering the two-fold decrease in radon concentration in water over four days, the waters of the individual sources examined, with a 100-fold high radon content, after a certain time (several months) can also be used for use in medical procedures, which allows their transportation to large distance
Profile and pattern of histology specimen of thyroidectomy patients operated in Mankweng hospital, Limpopo province, South Africa
Full text linkObject of study: To evaluate the histopathologic pattern of the thyroidectomy specimen in patients with goitre who underwent thyroidectomy operation at Mankweng Hospital and to review the profile of thyroid disease in relation to the age, gender & Distribution of thyroid disease which are referred to Mankweng hospital from the districts of Limpopo Province.
The problem to be solved: The demographic profile of thyroidectomy patients in this hospital is identified. Hence outreach program can be initiated according to demographic profile.
Main scientific results: Total of 62 patients analyzed: Male 2, female 60. Age range 15-70: District: Capricorn 23, Sekhukhune 33, Mopani 6. Histology: 62: Multinodular goitre 47, Papillary carcinoma 5: Hurtle cell carcinoma 3, colloid goitre 2, Diffuse colloid goitre 1, Cavernous haemangioma 1, follicular neoplasm 1, Hashimoto`s Thyroiditis 1, benign thyroid parenchyma with cyst 1
The area of practical use of research results: General surgery department in Regional & Tertiary hospital
An innovative technological product: Patient demographic profile for health outreach program.
Scope of application of an innovative technological product: General surgery department
Development of a new type of household appliances – refrigerators with a heating chamber
Full text linkThe object of this study is absorption-type refrigeration appliances, which allow to expand the functionality of household appliances without additional energy consumption.
Investigated problem: The aim of this study: firstly, due to the novelty of the proposed technique, it was necessary to show the real possibility of obtaining the temperature level required for technological processes (up to 70 °C); secondly, taking into account the experience gained in experimental studies, it was necessary to propose new designs for solving the problems of refrigeration and heat treatment of food products and raw materials in domestic conditions.
The main scientific results: It is shown that the development of devices that combine the functions of refrigeration storage and heat treatment of food products, semi-finished products and agricultural raw materials can become a promising area for energy saving in household appliances. In such household combined appliances, the heat released during the implementation of the refrigeration cycle is not immediately removed to the environment, but is transferred to a special heating chamber, while the temperature in the volume of the heating chamber is maintained higher than the air temperature in the room. The effect of energy saving is achieved by expanding the functionality of household appliances without attracting additional energy costs.
The original designs of combined absorption-type household appliances are proposed, a description of their operation, advantages and disadvantages, and areas of application are given.
The area of practical use of the research results: In the course of experimental studies, it was shown that the introduction of an additional heating chamber into the structure of household absorption refrigerators, thermally connected with the lifting section by the dephlegmator of the absorption refrigeration unit, does not lead to an increase in energy consumption (according to the test results below than in the standard version by 5 %) and does not impair the performance of the cooling chambers.
The area of practical use of the research results: household energy-saving appliances.
Innovative technological product: the use of an evaporation-condensation cycle that provides highly efficient heat transfer at a distance of up to 1 meter from the heat dissipation zone of the refrigeration unit to the usable volume of the heating chamber of the household appliance
Determination of the form of a spiral spring in a free state
Full text linkThe object of research. This article deals with a spiral spring made of tape material with a rectilinear cross-section.
Investigated problem. If one end of a metal ruler is pinched, and a certain force is applied to the other end, it will bend under the action of the generated moment. The magnitude of the moment depends on the applied force and the length of the ruler. Therefore, the amount of deflection will increase with the increase of these parameters, and the shape of the ruler may take the spiral form. After the termination of the external load, the ruler will regain its original shape, that is, it will become straight. However, such spiral springs do not exist in practice. For compact sizes, the spring in its free state also has a spiral shape. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to find the elastic axis of a tape spiral spring in a free state, which under the action of a concentrated force takes a given shape.
The main scientific results. The shape of the spiral spring in the free state is determined, which under the action of the applied force acquires the desired shape, which does not lead to the occurrence of frictional forces between adjacent coils.
The area of practical use of research results. Spiral springs are widely used. One example is mechanical clock movements and measuring devices, in which the determination of indicators depends on the applied force that "unwinds" or "twists" the spring.
Innovative technological product. The paper calculates the elastic axis of a spiral spring in a free state according to its given final shape, taking into account the moment that arises as a result of the applied force at the end of the spring. For this, the nonlinear theory of absolutely elastic bending using the methods of differential geometry of curved lines as a function of the own length of the arc of the spring axis is applied.
The scope of application of the innovative technological product. The results obtained in the study can be used in the manufacture of spiral springs for various purposes, as well as for the accumulation of potential energy in the absence of other source
Ukrainian dual use export control evolution: historical pickles
Full text linkA prime object of this effort was to evaluate the premises of appearance and historical evolution of export control and transfer of dual use (DU) technologies emerged in Ukraine after 1991.
Investigated problem: Liquidation of Soviet's monopoly on foreign trade in 1990s, a change in relations between the state and commodity producers, and a massive entry of unprepared exporters chasing maximum profits into the world market could not be envisaged in a full swing at that time by young and unexperienced Ukrainian export control system. The paper looks into Ukrainian DU technology transfer (TT) through a prism of historical premises. Those premises have been formed and are still found standing amongst technology offeror/end user and other TT players. Needless to say, that a technology transfer is a complicated, multi-leveled and multi-players process being impacted and followed with few factors and historically pre-set conditions that constrain its success or failure at the end. The development of DU technologies continues in a quagmire of conflicting interests, the ongoing war in Ukraine, national security and export control rationales.
For the time being, debates on Ukrainian DU technologies and their misuse so far lack creativity and rather blurred; political and diplomatic initiatives came finally to nowhere trying to find turnkey solutions, all this is quite a challenge nowadays.
The results of this analytical endeavor make a further solid floor for further debates in terms of politics, legislation and export contro
Study of the adsorption ability of natural components and their influence on product quality
Full text linkObject of research: The object of this research is the process of integrating enterosorbents, such as rice bran, pear pomace extracts, activated charcoal from rice bran, and pumpkin peel powder, into yogurt with the aim of enhancing the body's ability to eliminate heavy metals.
Investigated problem: The main problem addressed in this research is not only identifying the prospects of integrating enterosorbents into yogurt but also developing methods and approaches for the implementation of this process. Various techniques for optimal incorporation of enterosorbents are considered to create functional products that contribute to detoxifying the body.
The main scientific results: Identification of the potential and methodology for incorporating enterosorbents into yoghurt to enhance the body's ability to eliminate heavy metals.
Exploring the prospects and various methods of incorporating enterosorbents, opening up opportunities for the development of functional products that promote detoxification. Evaluating the potential use of rice husk, dried pear squeeze powder, activated charcoal and pumpkin peel powder as natural enterosorbents. These results demonstrate the significance of the study in addressing health and environmental issues, emphasizing the potential of natural ingredients to create functional and environmentally friendly products.
Practical use of research results: The practical application of the research results lies in the field of food innovations. They provide a response to current challenges related to the level of heavy metals in the environment. The practical domain includes the development of functional products promoting detoxification using natural components.
Innovative technological product: The innovative technological product proposed as a result of the research is a novel method for producing yogurts with integrated enterosorbents. This approach offers an opportunity to enhance the removal of heavy metals from the body through innovative products.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The new technological product, specifically yogurts with enterosorbents, extends its application to clinical practice and the functional food sector. It not only contributes to health improvement but also addresses challenges of heavy metal contamination, aligning with principles of sustainable consumption
Trends in the development of the processing of melons and gourds
Full text linkThe review of equipment for processing and technology of processing melons and gourds is given. Primary processing of gourds has not been industrialized in the CIS countries and abroad until recent years. Theoretical prerequisites for the creation of products based on melon are presented, the issues of rational use of melon for the production of long-term storage products are highlighted. The main physical-mechanical and rheological properties of pumpkin, melon and watermelon fruits are given. The proposed options for equipment and technological lines for the processing of watermelon, melon, pumpkin fruits are presented. The technologies for processing the fruits of watermelon and melon are described.
The object of research: Melons and gourds, namely processing technology
Investigated problem: Imperfect technologies for processing melon fruits.
The main scientific results: systematization of data on the problem of processing melon fruits for food in order to choose a rational way to improve processing technologies.
The area of practical use of the research results: The bottom line is the developed technologies
Innovative technological product: technology for processing gourds.
Scope of the technological innovative product: food industry (Food production)
Comparison of the efficiency of phytoremediation of soil contaminated with different types of oil products
Full text linkThe object of research. Effectiveness of phytoremediation of soil contaminated with different types of oil products.
Investigated problem. When studying the problem of soil contamination by oil products and when looking for ways to restore soils disturbed by the chemical effects of hydrocarbon fuels, the type of oil product is not always taken into account. And a generalization is used for this type of pollution, as pollution by oil products, which does not take into account the difference in the component composition of hydrocarbon motor fuels and their different impact on the ecological state of the soil.
The main scientific results. The research results established the dependence of the effectiveness of phytoremediation of soil contaminated with oil products on the type of oil product. The obtained data made it possible to draw a conclusion about the nature of the dependence of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the level of soil phytoremediation by a certain type of plant, depending on the hydrocarbon composition of the oil product.
The area of practical use of research results. The results of the research will be used in practice when choosing the type of plants to restore the quality of soil contaminated with a certain type of oil product.
Innovative technological product. The results of the study created the basis for the development of a scientific and methodological approach to the resolved issues of restoring the quality of soil contaminated by various types of petroleum products. What can be used by specialists in the future in the development of new technologies for the restoration of soils contaminated with petroleum products.
Scope of the innovative technological product. Research results and the proposed scientific and methodological approach concern the sphere of environmental protection and transport enterprises