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Effect of heat treatment time on mechanical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V: Ti-6Al-4V heat treatment
No full textThe object of research: Ti-6Al-4V is a two-phase alloy characterized by an hcp (hexagonal close-packed) structure known as the α-phase and a bcc (body-centered cubic) structure known as the β-phase. At room temperature, this alloy primarily consists of the α-phase, but heat treatment can convert this dominant phase to the β-phase, especially at temperatures exceeding 800 °C.
Investigated problem: The current study aims to investigate the effect of heat treatment time on the mechanical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V, particularly for short treatment durations. A total of 12 specimens were subjected to heat treatment for 10, 20, and 40 minutes at temperatures of 850 °C, 900 °C, 950 °C, and 1000 °C, followed by water quenching. The small punch test was then employed to assess the mechanical properties of the treated specimens.
The main scientific results: The results indicated that at 850 °C and 900 °C, increasing the heat treatment time led to a slight enhancement in mechanical properties. Notably, when the specimens were heated at 950 °C for 10 minutes, a significant improvement in mechanical properties was observed. However, extending the heat treatment to 20 and 40 minutes at this temperature resulted in a deterioration of these properties. A similar detrimental effect was noted for all durations when the specimens were treated at 1000 °C.
The area of practical use of the research results: According to this results heat treatment time is crucially important and components without a well heat treatment should not be used for industrial purposes.
Innovative technological product: The study results are crucial for designers to optimize industrial component design. Utilizing these findings, various sensors can also be developed for numerous applications.
Scope of the innovative technological product: This study is beneficial for mechanics, electronics engineers, and relevant companies
Feasibility study of PETG filament using FDM 3D printing technique for throttle sleeve products
Full text linkObject of Research: This study focuses on the production technology of motorcycle throttle sleeves using PETG Filament (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) with 3D printing technology, specifically the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method.
Investigated Problem: The main issue addressed is the lack of spare parts for the Hyosung Cruise II Motor 125 from 2001, as production has ceased. This study analyzes the feasibility of using PETG filament to produce throttle sleeves and identifies the optimal printing parameters for maximum tensile strength.
Main Scientific Results: Initial printings were performed to identify the best combination of parameters that result in the strongest tensile strength. Testing was carried out with variations in infill pattern, nozzle temperature, and layer height according to ASTM D638 for the tensile test. The results show that the highest tensile strength of 43.5 MPa was achieved with an infill pattern line, a nozzle temperature of 250°C, and a layer height of 0.1 mm. The microstructure analysis indicated that the specimen with the highest tensile strength had a dense layer structure with minimal porosity, while the specimen with the lowest tensile strength exhibited high porosity. Product testing demonstrated that the gas cylinder casing could withstand a load of up to 41.94 N. The production cost per unit was Rp 28,655.37, indicating the efficiency of the process.
Area of Practical Use: The research results can be practically used by companies specializing in the manufacture of motorcycle components, particularly for old and discontinued models.
Innovative Technological Product: This study presents an innovative production technology for motorcycle throttle sleeves using PETG filament, enabling the production of spare parts for older motorcycle models.
Scope of the Innovative Technological Product: The newly developed throttle sleeves can be utilized in the repair and maintenance of old motorcycle models, providing a cost-effective solution for motorcycle enthusiasts and repair shops
Behind the numbers: how good corporate governance shapes earnings management in manufacturing companies?
Full text linkThe object of research: This study analyses the impact of Good Corporate Governance on earnings management in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange through a systematic literature review.
Investigated problem: Good Corporate Governance reduce earnings management practices by balancing various interests through effective supervision. Implementing strong governance measures is essential to prevent fraudulent earnings management and maintain corporate integrity.
The main scientific results: The result of research show that managerial ownership and institutional ownership have a negative and significant effect on earnings management. Meanwhile, independent commissioners and audit committees have no effect on earnings management.
The area of practical use of the research results: Companies should enhance the role of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) to create a safer, healthier, and more positive work environment, strengthen company reputation, build investor trust, and ultimately reduce earnings management practices.
Innovative technological product: The management could increase Corporate Governance to strengthen oversight and reduce the likelihood of earnings management. Also, adopt higher transparency standards in company reporting to reduce information asymmetry between management and stakeholders.
Scope of the innovative technological product: Boost implementation of corporate governance in company structure
Modelling of value chain creative level for managing innovation projects in BANI environment
Full text linkIn the context of the BANI (Brittle, Anxious, Non-linear, and Incomprehensible) environment, managing innovation projects demands a transformative approach to understanding and leveraging value chains.
The object of the research focuses on modelling the value chain's creative level to enhance the management of innovation projects in a BANI environment. This paper proposes a novel model for assessing and enhancing the creative level of value chains within organizations to foster resilience and adaptability in a volatile ecosystem.
The research problem is the increase of the creative level of the value chain to be effectively modelled and managed to enhance the success of innovation projects in a BANI environment characterized by instability, anxiety, non-linearity, and incomprehensibility.
The main scientific results introduce a framework that integrates creativity metrics, systemic thinking, and real-time adaptability as core components of value chain management. Key elements of the model include – identifying creativity hotspots along the value chain, evaluating the interplay between creative potential and organizational capacity for innovation and incorporating tools for dynamic scenario planning and risk mitigation tailored to the BANI context. The research methodology combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, utilizing case studies from diverse industries to validate the proposed model.
The area of practical use of the research highlights the critical role of creative value chains in enhancing organizational agility, mitigating risks, and unlocking sustainable growth in complex and unpredictable environments. This paper contributes to the literature by bridging the gap between innovation project management and adaptive systems thinking, offering actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers aiming to thrive in the challenges of the BANI world.
An innovative technological product in the context of the research addresses the challenges of managing creativity and innovation within the value chain, particularly in a BANI environment.
An innovative technological product in the context of the research addresses the challenges of managing creativity and innovation within the value chain, particularly in a BANI environment.
Scope of the innovative technological product: Management of innovative projects
Financial resilience and uncertainty: a theoretical and historical approach
Full text linkThe object of the research is to deepen and develop the scientific foundations of the evolution of financial resilience in historical retrospect. The article summarizes scientific approaches to describing financial resilience in historical retrospect, reveals the essence of financial resilience, provides examples of entropies in various asset markets, analyzes the dynamics of national currency devaluation in different countries, and substantiates trends in the development of various asset classes. An analysis of entropies (bubbles) in various asset markets over the period 1634–2024 has been conducted.
Investigated problem: It is emphasized that in modern conditions, banks are turning into institutions servicing speculative flows, while the main function of commercial banks—crediting the real sector of the economy—is being relegated to the background due to low profitability. The essence of banking activities and the peculiarities of new banking functions over the last 25 years are revealed. It is noted that computerization and financial innovations have significantly changed the ways in which commercial banks operate. These processes have enabled the introduction of new forms of services and banking products, improved bank management, enhanced the collection and processing of large volumes of statistical information, and expanded the scope of activities of large banks beyond national borders.
The main scientific results: The Basel principles for banking regulation, along with international financial reporting standards, need to be revised and improved before central banks, such as the Federal Reserve System, issue up to 50 trillion USD or any other national currency.
The author believes that the current system allows banks to create money “out of thin air” by lending or investing beyond their capital, leading to high levels of risk and instability in the banking system. The author suggests that the root cause of banking crises lies in allowing banks to create money by accepting deposits and allocating them across various assets, from treasury bills to high-risk borrowers.
The area of practical use of the research results: Decrease the crisis as well as make proper actions before crisis occur
Innovative technological approaches: Improved Basel Principles as well as Improving International Financial Reporting Standards.
Scope of the innovative technological approaches: Prudent Supervision of Regulations State Bodies in order not to allow crisis to ruin the existing assets classes and channel European savings into new technologies that can drive growth in order to scale up innovation
The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the optimization of transport corridors
Full text linkThe object of research: Artificial intelligence methods in the optimization of transportation tunnels – artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms
Investigated problem: In this research, we will explore the role of machine learning in optimizing transportation tunnels and the basis of this process. Utilizing machine learning technologies in traffic control and management can reduce congestion and complexity on roads.
The main scientific results: The rapid advancement and application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have led to significant developments across various industries and business sectors. Additionally, utilizing AI-based pioneering technologies is one of the most crucial demands of the modern era for enhancing efficiency in the transportation sector. It is essential to identify methods of utilizing these technologies to create rapid improvements in eliminating traffic congestion and ensuring more reliable travel times for users.
The area of practical use of the research results: Machine learning algorithms are used in automotive sensors to identify potential hazards and automatically verify control. Technologies used to optimize transportation corridors and reduce traffic congestion provide optimal solutions by examining different transportation scenarios. Furthermore, the development of autonomous driving technologies in transportation makes the application of ML even more crucial.
Innovative technological product: To eliminate optimization problems, there is a need for raster algorithms that simplify computational analytics. For example, we can mention Genetic Algorithm (GA), based on the concept of biological evolution, which was developed by Con Holland in 1988.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The use of intelligent technologies in the transportation sector has introduced innovative technological tools that enhance safety and sustainability. Smart management systems and autonomous vehicles have covered a wide range of application areas. Machine learning algorithms are widely used to minimize optimal travel time and fuel consumption. Autonomous transportation vehicles are utilized to navigate complex roads and efficiently manage time, integrating computer vision and sensor fusion techniques
Agricultural development as a factor in ensuring food security in Kazakhstan
Full text linkThe object of research: The current state of agriculture in the country and identify key areas for improving agricultural policies that contribute to ensuring food security for the nation.
Investigated problem: The problem that the study is aimed at solving is related to the development of agriculture in Kazakhstan, on the effectiveness of which the possibility of ensuring national food security largely depends.
The main scientific results: The role of agriculture in ensuring the food security of Kazakhstan is shown. The essence of the concept of «food security» is revealed, taking into account the point of view of different authors. The main factors determining the level of development of the country's food security have been identified.
The area of practical use of the research results: The practical significance of this research is in the potential application of the theoretical findings and practical recommendations derived from the work in the operations of national and regional governments in the development and implementation of policy documents related to addressing the issue of food security and import substitution.
Innovative technological product: Based on the conducted research, the following recommendations were identified and made aimed at ensuring food security in Kazakhstan: reducing the property stratification of the population; developing cooperation in animal husbandry and crop production; and implementing a policy of import substitution in agriculture.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The research results can be used in the development of agricultural development programs both in the country as a whole and in individual region
Dependence of the final temperature of mineral fertiliser granules on their size during cooling in the granulation tower
Full text linkObject of research: The study investigates the process of cooling mineral fertilizer granules in a granulation tower, focusing on the relationship between granule size and their final temperature after cooling.
Investigated problem: The key problem addressed is the insufficient cooling of granules due to increased ambient air temperatures, changes in process parameters, and limitations of existing ventilation systems in granulation towers, which affect granule quality.
Main scientific results: The research presents a mathematical model that describes the heat transfer processes occurring during the cooling of granules in a granulation tower. This model accounts for granule geometry, air flow rate, initial temperatures, and other parameters. Numerical simulations demonstrate how granule size influences the final temperature distribution. Findings indicate that optimizing granule size and cooling air flow can significantly enhance the uniformity of granule temperature, improving their physicomechanical properties and overall quality.
Area of practical use: The results are directly applicable to the design and optimization of granulation towers in the mineral fertilizer industry, aiding in the improvement of cooling processes and the quality of the final product.
Innovative technological product: The study offers a methodology for predicting granule temperature based on size and cooling conditions, providing a framework for optimizing granulator operation and cooling systems without costly upgrades to ventilation equipment.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The findings can be implemented in industrial-scale granulation towers used in the production of various mineral fertilizers, particularly where product quality and energy efficiency are critica
Financial issues of implementing green technologies in the energy sector
Full text linkThe modern economy is characterized by a significant focus on innovative technologies that affect the environmental situation in the country, have a positive impact on resource conservation, etc. Such technologies are now called green technologies, as they are aimed at preserving natural resources and transitioning to the economical use of all types of resources. Obviously, green technologies are financed with the participation of the state, but one of the tasks of the state should be to create a market environment where investors would be financially interested in investing in green projects, which indicates the complexity and multifaceted nature of the problem under consideration.
The object of research: Modern opportunities for financing green technologies.
Investigated problem: Given the relevance of the topic under study, its purpose is to specify the financial aspects of the introduction of green technologies in the energy sector. The methodological basis of the work is statistical analysis and SWOT analysis, which allows to specify the strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats of green technologies.
The main scientific results: The study proves that one of the main directions of financial development of green technologies should be green bonds as a tool for raising funds from individuals and legal entities for the implementation of ambitious innovative projects in the field of resource conservation and environmental safety. The analysis of statistical materials also showed that the situation with attracting investments in the field of green technologies has improved somewhat, but after the 2020 pandemic, their growth rate slowed down, as a result, it was proved that the main task of the state in stimulating the financial activity of investors in the green technology market is to popularize private investment in such projects. Despite the considerable interest of the scientific community in the problem of financing green technologies, this issue is quite new and the question of finding the optimal financial instruments for financing innovative resource-saving technologies remains open since legislation and scientific developments in this area are still being formed.
The area of practical use of the research results: The scope of application of the research results is quite broad, and the specifics of work on financing green technologies can be useful both in the field of development and implementation of these technologies, and for those companies that are focused on financing green technologies and finding investors for their further development.
Innovative technological product: The innovativeness of the technical product lies in the fact that an approach has been formed to create and further improve the conditions for the application of green technologies in various spheres of social and economic life of society.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The scope of application is quite broad, in particular, it deals with the specifics of the implementation and development of green technologies in the energy, manufacturing, industrial and other spheres
Identification of regularities of the influence of titanium on the impact toughness of hypoeutectic wear-resistant cast iron and assessment of the efficiency of its additional alloying with boron
Full text linkThe object of the research: Wear-resistant cast iron used for parts with operational requirements dictated by conditions of intense friction and impact loads.
Investigated problem: selection of a rational option for alloying cast iron to meet specified wear resistance requirements.
The main scientific results: a mathematical model has been constructed that allows identifying patterns in the behavior of impact toughness of wear-resistant cast iron depending on the carbon content and carbon equivalent at different levels of titanium alloying.
The area of practical use of the results of the study: the results obtained can be used in industrial conditions when smelting cast iron for parts that experience friction and impact loads during operation.
Innovative technological product: rational options for alloying wear-resistant cast iron that meet specified impact toughness requirements.
The scope of the innovative technological product: cast machine parts operated under conditions of intense friction and impact loads