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INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF CRYOPOWDERS “BROCCOLI” AND “LAMINARIA” ON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF CHEESE MASSES OF DIFFERENT FAT
Get PDFCrafty combination of cryopowders as bio-supplements to the “milk” base has great prospects in both bio-technological and social aspect. Main criteria at developing recipes of cheese masses were a search for optimal ratios of components for getting proper normative taste characteristics. In this connection, there is offered to study the influence of cryopowders “Broccoli” and “Laminaria” on quality parameters of cheese masses of the new generation, namely ones of the treating-prophylactic destination.
The analysis of organoleptic characteristics of salty cheese masses with the cryopowders “Laminaria” and “Broccoli” demonstrates that they have undergone no essential changes and correspond to normative requirements. Thus, the color of salt masses with the cryopowder “Laminaria” was light-grey with a green tint: at using the cryopowder “Broccoli” – grey with a yellow tint. The smell of cheese masses remained fresh, sour-milk. But the expressed smell of the added cryosupplement was felt in samples. The smack of experimental samples at adding the cryopowder “Broccoli” was more expressed. Their consistence was homogenous, delicate, paste-like.
The titrated acidity of experimental samples of salty cheese masses with the cryopowder “Laminaria” was 124–130 0Т, mass share of moisture 62–60 % and mass share of dry substance – 40–38 %, and values of energetic value were 164 and 118 kcal/100 g of the product. The titrated acidity of experimental samples of salty cheese masses with the cryopowder “Broccoli” was 126–134 0Т, mass share of moisture 63–66 % and mass share of dry substances – 34–37 %, and values of energetic value were 174 and 128 kcal/100 g of the product.
Cheese salty masses with using the cryopowders “Laminaria” and “Broccoli” as phytosupplements are products of the increased biological value, which production doesn’t need the additional specialized equipment, is a potential source as to widening the assortment of products of the treating-prophylactic destination
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBCLONAL STRUCTURE IN THYROCYTE POPULATION IN RADIOIODINE-REFRACTORY METASTASES OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER
Get PDFThe aim of the study was cytological and immunocytochemical researches of thyrocyte populations in fine-needle aspiration smears of radioiodine-refractory metastases and their comparison with radioiodine-avid metastases and corresponding primary papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.
Materials and Methods. The cytomorphological and immunocytochemical researches were conducted on the fine needle aspiration smears of 60 papillary thyroid carcinomas and 104 metastases, which were detected in the postoperative period. We applied the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using primary monoclonal mouse antibodies against leukocyte-common antigen, macrophage antigen, thyroglobulin, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, cytokeratines 7.8, polyclonal rabbit antibodies against calcitonin.
Results. It was demonstrated, that radioiodine-avid metastases and corresponding primary papillary thyroid carcinoma smears had first type of cellular population with a relatively regular location of thyrocytes. Unlike them, radioiodine-refractory metastases smears had the second type of cellular population with irregularly location of thyrocytes among which showed up two cellular phenotypes. In our investigated smears some special cellular complexes were found – in 21 % of radioiodine-refractory metastases, 1 % in radioiodine-avid metastases and none of it in corresponding primary papillary thyroid. The cytological sign of cystic degeneration was found in 58 % of radioiodine-refractory metastases, but in radioiodine-avid metastases – was absent.
Conclusion. The radioiodine-refractory metastases of papillary thyroid cancer demonstrated their distinction from radioiodine-uptake metastases with a presence of phenotypic heterogeneity. It is shown, that an appearance of certain cell subpopulations, special cellular complexes and cystic degeneration in fine-needle aspiration smears of radioiodine-refractory metastases, which in radioiodine-uptake metastases and corresponding primary papillary thyroid carcinomas were not found, can be used during the preoperative period to forecast the impossibility of radioiodine treatment
RESEARCH OF WHEAT DRYING IN A MICROWAVE AND COMBINED FILTER-MICROWAVE DRYER
Get PDFThe aim of the conducted study is to determine kinetics of the complex effect of microwave energy supply and filter drying of the process of water release from the wheat layer. There is offered a combination of MW and filter drying. A special feature of this combination must be its more effectiveness and high speed of water elimination from surface layers of wet seeds and, as a result, the productivity increase of the drying way, decrease of specific energy consumption.
There was determined the influence of the specific load of the material, radiator power on processes of microwave and filter-microwave drying of wheat seeds. There were compared microwave, filter-microwave and convective drying of seeds by parameters of specific energy consumption, drying speed.
The specific energy consumption at microwave drying of seeds was 4 MJ/kg, at filter-microwave drying 3.8 MJ/kg that is lower than existent convective dryers. The speed of microwave drying changes from 0,5 to 3 %/min, filter-microwave – from 0.3 to 0.7 %/min. The speed is at the level of standard convective dryers.
The conducted studies allow to recommend a new combined way of FMW drying of seeds with low energy consumption.
Revealed features of heating and drying are possible to be used at developing industrial dryers.
The base of experimental data is possible to be used for optimizing and determining effective conditions of MW and FMW drying
IMPROVING THE TECHNIQUE OF SCRAMBLED DESSERTS USING THE FOOD SUPPLEMENT “MAGNETOFOODâ€
Get PDFFor improving the technology of scrambled dessert products, a food supplement, based on the nanopowder of oxides of two- and trivalent iron “Magnetofood” was introduced in the recipe composition. The object of the studies is base recipes: one of mousse “Cranberry” and sambuk “Apple”. For determining technological characteristics and quality parameters, conventional standard methods were used.
It has been established, that introduction of the food supplement “Magnetofood” in amount 0,1 %, 0,15 %, 0,2 % of the recipe mixture mass improves consumption properties of scrambled desserts. The mean value of the organoleptic analysis increases by (1,25±0,1) points. The density also decreases by (29±1) kg/m3 for mousses, by (26±1) kg/m3 for sambuks, and scrambling duration – by ~ 3 minutes. At storing during 24 hours at h=(90±2) %, the microbial contamination of the surface of samples decreases – QMAFAnM in 10 times, yeasts – in 2 times, molds – in 2 times.
It has been established, that introduction of the supplement “Magnetofood” favors the growth of the foam-creating ability in average: by (40±2) % for mousses, by (55±3) % for sambuks. The porosity increases by (14,3±0,7) % for mousses, by (12,7±0, 6) % for sambuks. The foam structure stability of scrambled desserts improves by (14±1,1) %. The food supplement “Magnetofood” also raises the effective viscosity by (32 ±1) Pa·s for mousses and by (41±2) Pa·s for sambuks and the mechanical strength of scrambled desserts in 1,23 times.
The highest parameters were inherited to mousses and sambuks with supplement “Magnetofood” mass share 0,15 %.
There have been experimentally substantiated scrambling technological parameters and regimes of recipe mixtures of berry-fruit mousses and sambuks, modified by the food supplement “Magnetofood”. The total scrambling duration is (14–16) minutes. The initial scrambling speed of the berry-fruit base is (2,0–2,2) s-1, at that the scrambling time is (5–6)·60s. Then the recipe mixture is scrambled at speed (3,3–3,5) s-1 during (3–4)·60s. Scrambling is finished at speed (2,0–2,2) s-1. The distinctive feature of the improved technology is premixing of the food supplement “Magnetofood” with gelatin, realized before the technological operation of soaking gelatin in cold water.
The obtained experimental data may be used at developing innovative technologies of scrambled dessert products with the food supplement “Magnetofood”
DETERMINATION METHODS OF FOOD FIBERS CHARACTERISTICS IN MILK MIXTURES WITH THE MODIFIED FAT COMPOSITION
Get PDFThe article presents main determination methods of technological parameters of food fibers in milk mixtures of the modified fat composition.
The methods of studying the ability of food fibers to water and fat-absorption are offered. The values that characterize swelling parameters of vegetable ingredients in experimental mixtures are obtained.
The effectiveness of the method of IR-spectroscopy for indentifying and comparing water-binding forms in mixtures of food fibers with water and butterdish is proved.
The indices of thermal stability and degree of liquid fat outflow for mixtures with the modified fat composition with the maximal replacement of cream butter by 25 % of oil are obtained. The research results indicate objective possibilities for the effective use of food fibers Vicetal for stabilizing the structure and preventing consistence defects of products with the modified fat composition
DETERMINATION OF SAFETY INDICATORS IN THE DEVELOPED MUFFINS WITH NON-TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS
Get PDFThe aim of research is studying the effect of unconventional raw materials (buckwheat, oatmeal, rye, corn, milk whey, skimmed milk powder, propolis, flower pollen, bean powder, sesame oil, pumpkin seed oil, walnut oil, walnut kernels, candied fruit mixes (apple-cherry fruits of bilberries, natural honey with floral pollen, natural honey with propolis) for the quality and safety of new muffins. The article analyzes the results of the study of the quality and safety indicators of muffins of improved composition, manufactured using non-traditional raw materials. For the preparation of new types of muffins, part of the wheat flour was replaced with buckwheat, corn, oat, milk whey, skimmed milk powder and additives of vegetable origin. Margarine has been replaced by vegetable oils. It has been established that flour confectionery products have high organoleptic properties. From the physico-chemical parameters, the mass fraction of total sugar was determined, which ranged from 28.17 % to 33.07 %, the mass fraction of fat – 16.2–20.66 %, the mass fraction of moisture – 18.0–22.0, mass fraction of ash – 0.03–1.3 %, alkalinity – 0.03–1.8°, the content of toxic elements (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury) and microbiological indicators were also determined. Based on the data obtained as a research result, the expediency of using non-traditional raw materials to expand the range of flour confectionery products, in particular muffins is substantiated
FERMENTATION OF MULTIGRAIN DOUGH – AN APPROACH TO REDUCE GLYCEMIC INDEX FOR HEALTHY BREAD
Get PDFThe use of sourdough as the starter culture for bread making is one of the oldest processes in food fermentation and is very much prevalent in being used for the manufacture of various multigrain breads. The fermentation process of breads from mixed flours is one way, reported to reduce the glycemic index as compared to white bread. In this paper, we have discussed the use of (autochthonous) native culture vs pure culture use, in fermentation to prepare a starter culture sourdough by propagative fermentation. Since such a dough is incorporated in the sourdough bread making process (1:3), by the initial process of intermittent back-slopping (at intervals of 3.5 and 7 days) to propagate sourdough with a starter culture, as a part of the process, we observed the reduction in glycaemic index of the sourdough itself to as low as GI=40, at 3rd day of fermentation when the pure consortium and at 5th day of fermentation GI=43, when the native consortium was used. The sourdough process is thus an essential tool, aimed to make healthy breads, as it is incorporated as an ingredient in the process, to make sourdough bread
DETERMINATION OF HONEY GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN ACCORDING TO ITS ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION BY THE METHOD OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE
Get PDFThe aim of the research was to determine features of the elemental composition of polyfloral honey from the Odessa region (Ukraine) by the method of x-ray fluorescence for using these features in the geographic marking of the region of honey origin. A choice of honey from the Odessa region is explained by its relatively good ecology, optimal maritime climate and enough motley grass resources for gathering nectar by bees. At the same time the Odessa region occupies the fourth place among regions – honey producers in Ukraine with a right to export honey beyond the country with specific weight 10 % from the total export of this product.
11 samples of fresh honey and 14 samples of honey, stored during one year were studied as to the content of 22 mineral elements. The elemental analysis of honey was realized on the energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescent spectrometer ElvaX Light SDD. Each sample was studied for 5 times. The obtained results were statistically processed by the standard methodology. The determination distinctness of mass shares of metals is no worse than 0,1 %. Limits of finding admixtures of heavy metals in the light matrix are no worse than 1 ppm. The studies were realized during 2016-2017.
It has been established, that lyophilization of honey doesn’t essentially influence determination parameters of the elemental composition of honey by the method of x-ray fluorescence. The analysis of energy-dispersive spectrums of mineral elements determined that marker elements for honey from the Odessa region are Cl, K, Ca, that prevail among other studied mineral elements. There has been established the typical intensity of a signal of energy-dispersive spectrums for Cl, K, Ca of honey from the Odessa region that correspond to the following values: for fresh honey Cl from 27075 to 29429; K from 47 296 to 41 546; Ca from 7572 to 6928; for honey, stored during one year: Cl from 40383 to 37044; K from 43 589 to 42 591;Ca from 15495 to 10006. These parameters may serve as markers for honey from the Odessa region. At the same time the obtained results may be used for controlling the quality of natural honey by its element composition for identifying a geographic place of origin
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF HEALTHFUL COTTAGE COTTAGE CHEESE DESSERTS WITH USING VEGETABLE ADDITIVES IN THE FORM OF CRYOPASTЕS AND EXTRACTS
Get PDFThe aim of the work is the development of the new production method of healthful cottage cheese desserts with the record content of BAS of the prolonged storage term, based on sour-milk cheese in the nanosize form, using two types of vegetable additives as fruit-vegetable cryopastes and extracts. The new method includes BAS improvers, structure creators, coloring agents of fruit-vegetable fine-dyspersated vegetable additives of fruits and vegetables in the nanopaste form. At the same time vegetable additives as extracts of natural spices are used in the composition of desserts for prolonging the storage term of cottage cheese desserts and giving healthful properties to products.
There is used and developed the new method of making healthful cottage cheese desserts, based on sour-milk cheese without artificial food additives with the record content of BAS – phytocomponents with using fruit-vegetable fine-dyspersated cryoadditives that are a source of BAS, structure creators, coloring agents and with using extracts of natural spices. It is offered to use two types of vegetable additives as an innovation at producing cottage cheese desserts.
The first type of additives – cryopastes of fruit-vegetable raw materials: carotene-containing vegetables (pumpkin, apricot, sea buckthorn), chlorophyll-containing ones (spinach), lemons with zest and apples. Comparing with initial raw materials, the BAS content of fruit-vegetable cryoadditives (especially, β-carotene, chlorophyll, L-ascorbic acid, soluble pectin) is higher in 2,5…3,5 times. The use of fruit-vegetable cryoadditives at producing cottage cheese desserts gives a possibility to exclude food admixtures and synthetic additives.
Introduction of the second type of vegetable additives as extracts of natural spices (cardamom and coriander, balm, lemon zest) in recipes of cottage cheese desserts favors the increase of their storage term in 2 times (comparing with an analogue). Such increase is connected with the high content of natural preservatives, detoxicants and substances with the bactericidal, bacteriostatic effect (aromatic, phenol compounds, tanning substances) in the aforesaid natural spices’ composition.
The new method of producing healthful cottage cheese desserts differs from traditional ones by the fact that it includes mechanic destruction of cheese grain in the nanosize easily assimilated form. Fruit-vegetable cryoadditives are used as an innovation, as a source of BAS, natural thickeners and coloring agents and also extracts of natural spices for prolonging the storage term.
There are developed the recipes of three types of healthful cottage cheese desserts with cryoadditives of carotene-containing, chlorophyll-containing fruit-vegetable raw materials, and also citruses, apples and ginger. New desserts are in the easily-assimilated nanosize form, differ by the record content of natural BAS of fruits and vegetables. They exceed known world analogues by their chemical composition
INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE VISCOSITY OF MODEL SYSTEMS OF THE CROQUETTE MASS BASED ON FLOUR AT HYDROTHERMAL PROCESSING
Get PDFThe aim of the research is to study a behavior of the viscosity of model systems of the croquette mass, based on flour, in the wide diapason of shift velocities depending on temperature and duration of hydrothermal processing (HTP). Realization of this aim allows to get products with set parameters of quality and safety, provides the rational use of raw material resources, reduces the labor intensity of the technological process of making culinary products of the croquette mass.
It was found out, that a temperature and duration of HTP have an essential influence on formation of rheological characteristics of the croquette mass. It was revealed, that model systems reach the maximal viscosity at temperature 70 ºС in 20...30 min, at 80 ºС – in 5...10 min. But the structure formation finishes at 70 ºС in 20 minutes, at 80 ºС – in 10 minutes. Research data allow to reveal a possibility of regulating rheological characteristics of the croquette mass, based on flour, at the expanse of varying HTP parameters. It provides prognostication of a behavior and set form stability of the croquette mass at the contact with the technological equipment at making culinary products.
Prospects of further studies in this direction are the investigation of an influence of technological factors of HTP on the form stability and structural-mechanical characteristics of the croquette mass, based on flour