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Ionic liquids: history, conception, applications, and perspectives
No full textInternational audienceOver the last few decades, ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as a class of innovative solvents with unique physico-chemical properties such as low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, high solvation capacity among others making them attractive for a wide range of applications. This literature review takes an in-depth look at the physico-chemical properties of ILs, focusing on their molecular structure, viscosity, electrical conductivity, solvation power, density, and polarity. In addition, various methods for ILs syntheses are discussed, including conventional approaches and more recent synthetic methods such as green chemistry. In addition to their advantages, this review also addresses the environmental concerns associated to ILs, such as their toxicity, biodegradability, and recyclability. Finally, this review explores a large range of ILs applications in various fields, including catalytic chemistry, enzymatic synthesis, electrochemistry, extraction of bioactive molecules, depollution, and metals recovery. In summary, this review highlights the growing importance of ILs as alternative solvents and promoters to replace conventional organic solvents, while highlighting the challenges and opportunities associated with their use in a variety of applications.</div
BB-MÉDCULT : Un projet de recherche collaborative sur les actions de médiation culturelle à destination des très jeunes enfants au sein des musées dans les Hauts-de-France
No full textThe BB-MÉDCULT research collective investigates the cultural and artistic awakening of children aged 0 to 3, with a particular focus on museum contexts. Bringing together researchers and professionals from developmental psychology, education sciences, and museology, the collective explores the role of the museum as a space for interaction and shared discovery between parent and young child. This report presents a study conducted at the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille with 32 families, using questionnaires and video recordings. The findings highlight the museum’s role as an environment that supports adult-infant interactions and the evolution of families’ cultural practices, opening new perspectives for research on early artistic engagement in infancy.Le collectif de recherche BB-MÉDCULT étudie l’éveil culturel et artistique des enfants de 0 à 3 ans, en particulier dans le contexte muséal. Réunissant chercheurs et professionnels de la psychologie du développement, des sciences de l’éducation et de la muséologie, il explore le rôle du musée comme lieu d’interactions et de découvertes partagées entre le parent et le jeune enfant. Ce rapport présente une étude menée au Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille auprès de 32 familles, à partir de questionnaires et d’enregistrements vidéo. Les résultats mettent en lumière le rôle du musée comme espace soutenant les interactions adulte-bébé et l’évolution des pratiques culturelles familiales, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour la recherche sur l’éveil artistique des tout-petits
Effect of mono- and diglycerides characteristics on bread dough behavior
No full textInternational audienceThe incorporation of mono- and diglycerides in bread dough affects its rheological properties, influencing texture and quality. These emulsifiers modify dough behavior by impacting water absorption, gluten formation, and gas retention. Their varying chemical structures and functional properties, such as effects on stability, elasticity, and extensibility, make them valuable for optimizing bread production. This study explores how mono- and diglycerides influence dough performance and overall bread quality.In our study, we use Alveolab, Mixolab, and ViscoQuick to assess dough rheology. Alveolab measures gas retention and expansion, Mixolab evaluates mixing behavior and viscosity, and ViscoQuick analyzes starch gelatinization and viscosity changes. Together, these tools provide a comprehensive understanding of dough's functional properties and performance.Mono- and diglycerides generally play a role in dough conditioning by increasing the P/L values, favoring tenacity (P). The extensibility (L) of the dough remains comparable to that of the control, with no significant differences observed. The addition of these emulsifiers to flour does not significantly affect resistance to deformation during kneading. Mono- and diglycerides have an impact on starch gelatinization at 60°C, with some reducing it by up to half. Furthermore, the mono content significantly influences starch retrogradation, with higher mono content improving shelf-life potential much more than lower mono content variants. Monoglycerides’ impact on gelatinization shows a longer swelling phase and delayed breakdown. Unsaturated monoglycerides do not affect gelatinization, while saturated ones do. Diglycerides behave similarly to the control, with a slight difference during cooling, where viscosity rises more. This study reveals that mono- and diglycerides, especially saturated ones, affect dough behavior by interacting with the amylose helix, altering starch gelatinization. These emulsifiers also interact with dough hydrocolloids, improving structure and texture. These findings align with existing research on emulsifiers' role in dough conditioning and starch modification, suggesting their potential for enhancing bread qualit
Optimiser et individualiser la prise en soin des personnes atteintes de lombalgie chronique : Recherches, Expériences, Innovations.
No full textInternational audienceJournée d’études : "Optimiser et individualiser la prise en soin des personnes atteintes de lombalgie chronique : Recherches, Expériences, Innovations".1ère partie : Présentations (9h30 - 12h00)1- Optimisation de la rééducation par intelligence artificielle et perspectives socio-économiques. Steven Crombecque (Laboratoire SHERPAS).2- Virage dans l'accompagnement du patient lombalgique : du modèle paternaliste au modèle partenarial. Yves Martin (CRRF L’Espoir).3- Les bases du programme de Restauration Fonctionnelle du Rachis (RFR). Hervé Delahaye & Jacques Vanvelcenaher (CRRF L’Espoir).4- Intérêt de l’éducation en neurophysiologie de la douleur chez les patients atteints de lombalgie chronique. Maureen Devillaine & Camille Lardeur (Centre Hélène-Borel). 2ème partie : Présentations (13h30-15H30)4- « Pourquoi n'y arrivent-ils pas ? ». Christophe Kupper (Kinésithérapeute libéral).5- Impact d’un programme éducatif sur l’adhésion à la pratique de l’Activité Physique chez les patients souffrant de Lombalgie Chronique – Essai Contrôlé. Frédérick Janik (Atrium)6- Quelle évolution de la place de l’ergothérapie dans la lombalgique chronique ? Expérience de notre réflexion au centre les Hautois de Oignies. Alexandre Rimetz & Fanny Lecocq (Les Hautois à Oignies).https://artoistv.univ-artois.fr/video/6548-optimiser-et-individualiser-la-prise-en-soin-des-personnes-atteintes-de-lombalgie-chronique-recherches-experiences-innovations
Progress in the Photodegradation of Phenolic Compounds by Mechanocatalysis
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Early sensorimotor restriction impairs skeletal muscle maturation in rats
No full textInternational audiencePostnatal development represents a critical window for skeletal muscle maturation, where contractile activity shapes fiber growth and specialization. While inactivity and its effects on muscle physiology has been extensively studied in adults, its early-life impact remains poorly understood. This study investigates how sensorimotor restriction (SMR) from birth alters muscle morphology and fiber type maturation, providing insights into the consequences of early hypoactivity on musculoskeletal development
Evaluating the impact of a 10 year reduction in critically important antibiotic use on the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli from cattle, dogs and cats in France
No full textInternational audienceObjectives In France, a 10 year national policy to reduce antibiotic use (ABU) in animals led, respectively, to an 88% and 94% decrease in animal exposure to fluoroquinolones and third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins (3GC-4GC) between 2011 and 2021. Methods Building on national surveillance data, this study evaluated the impact of this national policy on reducing the occurrence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and 3GC-4GC in clinical Escherichia coli from young cattle and dogs and cats in France. The effect of homologous and heterologous use of antibiotics was explored using multivariate regression modelling. In addition, the time lag between implementation of national policies and subsequent reduction in antibiotic resistance (ABR) was estimated using segmented regression analysis. Results Statistical analysis of available ABU and ABR surveillance data demonstrated a significant and sustainable impact on the occurrence of resistance to fluoroquinolones in clinical E. coli (in cattle and in dogs and cats), and to a lesser extent to 3GC-4GC (in cattle). The effects were fast and observed within 1 (in cattle) or 2 years (in dogs and cats) after the implementation of the 2014 national policy targeting specifically the animals’ exposure to 3GC-4GC and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions The French 10 year national policy had a successful impact on the occurrence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and 3GC-4GC in clinical E. coli. A potential shift in ABU from the use of fluoroquinolones and 3GC-4GC to other antibiotic classes, such as trimethoprim/sulfonamides (since 2012), and penicillins and tetracyclines (since 2016), was also observed
Scientific Modelling: A Transdisciplinary Approach from Kindergarten to High School – An Illustration with the Solar System
No full textInternational audienceThis presentation explores how scientific modelling can serve as a transdisciplinary framework for fostering scientific inquiry and critical thinking across all school levels, from early childhood to late adolescence. We first describe how historical advances in the understanding of our Solar system may be described through modelling activiies. We then analyze two classroom case studies: one conducted in kindergarten and another in a high school physics class. Both are structured around the dynamic modelling cycle described by Sensevy et al. (2008), involving observation, prediction, abstraction, and model revision. This cycle is anchored in the educational traditions of Deweyan inquiry and inquiry-based science education (IBSE). In kindergarten, children explore the motion of the sun and shadows, gradually constructing elementary models through embodied experience, drawing, and collective dialogue. In high school, students use a large-scale physical model—the "human orrery"—to investigate Kepler's laws, engage with geometric reasoning, and confront empirical data. These sequences demonstrate that scientific modelling is not only a disciplinary tool but also a powerful pedagogical bridge between language, mathematics, and physical experience. Modelling encourages learners to engage with complexity, navigate uncertainty, and build shared understanding—competencies at the heart of global citizenship and education for peace. It promotes a dialogical culture of science learning, where knowledge emerges through cooperative reasoning, not authoritative transmission. By linking scientific reasoning with students' embodied, linguistic, and cognitive development, this approach proposes a genuinely transdisciplinary educational practice. It fosters intellectual curiosity, epistemic humility, and mutual respect—key dispositions for living together in a diverse and interconnected world.Link to the presentation online : https://vimeo.com/1137566771?fl=pl&fe=v
Improving care interactions (and training) in nursing homes with artificial intelligence
No full textInternational audienceAs the population continues to age, nursing homes will increasingly play a key role in caring for dependent individuals. To enhance the well-being of the elderly, it is crucial to focus on the language skills used during care interactions. However, issues such as the taboo surrounding dependency, scandals involving private nursing home management, the pressure for caregiver efficiency, and the variety of care contexts make monitoring these skills challenging. One way to address this is by collecting in situ data, supervised by language researchers and caregivers specialized in elderly care. This is the approach we have followed: the data collected was then analyzed using machine learning models to provide caregivers with crucial insights for improving care outcomes. Our research highlights the importance of specific factors in language-based interactions, especially in varied care situations. Notably, we emphasize the careful use of humor and the impact of caregiver experience on the success of care sessions. Consequently, we advocate for caregiver training that is grounded in real-life practice, focusing on context adaptation, active listening, and dialogue with residents
Experimental characterization of the thermophysical properties of some selected phase change materials for building applications: Critical input data for numerical simulations
No full textInternational audienceA precise characterization of the thermophysical properties of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) used for the Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) is necessary for the development and manufacturing of LHTES technol- ogies. The complete input data for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of PCMs phase transition processes is very lacking in the literature, making it difficult to set up CFD simulations and specially to guarantee the accuracy of the results. The present study focuses on a comprehensive experimental characterization of the thermophysical properties of six PCMs in order to support the numerical studies. Several measurement tech- niques allowed the characterization of these PCMs. The Anton Paar MCR 102 rheometer was used to determine the viscosity of the six PCMs and their temperature dependency. A TPS 2200 model HotDisk allowed the mea- surements of the thermal conductivity of both solid and liquid phases of the PCMs, using a temperature- controlled bath. A high-precision in-house experimental setup was developed and validated, for measuring the liquid phase density of PCMs and its temperature dependency. Subsequently, it allowed the determination of the thermal expansion coefficient, which is rare in the literature. Finally, a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to determine the necessary thermal data for modeling the phase change processes, including latent heat, transition temperatures, and specific heat capacity. Six paraffinic (RT18HC, RT21HC, RT24HC) and bio- based (PT20, PT23, PT25) PCMs, with high potential for buildings application were fully characterized using the aforementioned techniques. The obtained results allowed to establish correlations to consider and integrate the temperature dependence of the thermophysical properties of the analyzed materials in the numerical sim- ulations. This will improve the accuracy of numerical studies using these materials