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Impact of 2 Months Exercise Training on Glycaemic Metrics on Days with and Without Exercise in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Single-Arm Study
No full textAccepted Author ManuscriptInternational audienceABSTRACT Aims Implementing exercise programs in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may precipitate glycaemic fluctuations. A better understanding of these fluctuations is essential for developing appropriate glucose management strategies. We aimed to assess glycaemic excursions and their progression during a 2-month training program, comparing fluctuations around exercise sessions with those of non-exercising days. Methods Nineteen (13 female) adults with T1D participated in 2-3 supervised 90-minute combined (aerobic/strength) exercise sessions per week, over 2 months. Glycaemic excursions (continuous glucose monitoring) were measured during specific periods (24-hour, nocturnal; periods before, during, after exercise sessions) and compared between exercise and non-exercise days (linear mixed models, logistic regressions). Results Nights following exercise sessions showed a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia (>10.0 mmol·L -1 ) vs. non-exercise nights. This difference diminished over the weeks of training, alongside a progressive increase in the risk of time > 16.7 mmol·L -1 during the early and late recovery phases of exercise. Overall, regardless of exercise session occurrence, level 1 and 2 nocturnal hypoglycaemic risk increased as the training program progressed. Conclusions Initially, acute exercise sessions reduced nocturnal hyperglycaemia without increasing hypoglycaemia. However, over time, the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia increased, highlighting the need for vigilant glycaemic supervision, particularly at night, even on non-exercise days
Life-Cycle Wage Growth and Firm Productivity in Developed and Developing Economics
No full textUpdated version August 2025 (original version: April 2025)Life-cycle wage growth varies significantly across countries. We examine the role of the local distribution of firm productivity in shaping life-cycle wages by introducing a random search model that disentangles the effects of firm productivity distribution, on-the-job learning, and labor market frictions. Estimates of the model for Brazil, Colombia, and the United States suggest that the shape and scale of the firm-type distribution are key factors in explaining life-cycle wage growth. Counterfactual simulations suggest that equating the firm-type distribution in Brazil and Colombia to that of the United States would substantially reduce the cross-country gap in workers’ life cycle wage trajectories
Combining Stable Isotope Labeling and Candidate Substrate–Product Pair Networks Reveals Lignan, Oligolignol, and Chicoric Acid Biosynthesis in Flax Seedlings (Linum usitatissimum L.)
No full textInternational audienceFunctional foods like flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) are rich sources of specialized metabolites that contribute to their nutritional and health-promoting properties. Understanding the biosynthesis of these compounds is essential for improving their quality and potential applications. However, dissecting complex metabolic networks in plants remains challenging due to the dynamic nature and interconnectedness of biosynthetic pathways. In this study, we present a synergistic approach combining stable isotopic labeling (SIL), Candidate Substrate–Product Pair (CSPP) networks, and a time-course study with high temporal resolution to reveal the biosynthetic fluxes shaping phenylpropanoid metabolism in young flax seedlings. By feeding the seedlings with 13C3-p-coumaric acid and isolating isotopically labeled metabolization products prior to the construction of CSPP networks, the biochemical validity of the connections in the network was supported by SIL, independent of spectral similarity or abundance correlation. This method, in combination with multistage mass spectrometry (MSn), allowed confident structural proposals of lignans, neolignans, and hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates, including the presence of newly identified chicoric acid and related tartaric acid esters in flax. High-resolution time-course analyses revealed successive waves of metabolite formation, providing insights into distinct biosynthetic fluxes toward lignans and early lignification intermediates. No evidence was found here for the involvement of chlorogenic or caftaric acid intermediates in chicoric acid biosynthesis in flax, as has been described in other species. Instead, our findings suggest that in flax seedlings, chicoric acid is synthesized through successive hydroxylation steps of p-coumaroyl tartaric acid esters. This work demonstrates the power of combining SIL and CSPP strategies to uncover novel metabolic routes and highlights the nutritional potential of flax sprouts rich in chicoric acid
Un modèle didactique au service de l’inclusion dans un projet interdisciplinaire
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Far-right vote in the 2024 European and Legislative elections in France: same old, same old ?
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Depth-dependent dynamics and acoustic niche partitioning of fish sounds in mesophotic coral reefs
No full textWOS:001499317700001International audienceAccording to the acoustic niche hypothesis, the soundscape is a finite resource, theoretically implying that soniferous species whose sounds compose it within a given habitat must share this resource to minimize competition. However, depth-related patterns in this partitioning are still poorly understood. This study aims to compare the diel dynamics and realized acoustic niches of fish sounds at two depths (60 and 120 m) in mesophotic coral reefs of the Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia, over a 62-h period. Two complementary objectives are pursued: (1) to investigate depth-related patterns in the diel cycle of fish sounds using generalized additive models, and (2) to assess whether their realized acoustic niches change between depths. Although most sound types were shared between 60 and 120 m, the study revealed that the dynamics of fish sounds varied significantly between the two depths. It also supported clear diel patterns. As depth increased, frequency-modulated sounds became more prominent at night, while the opposite trend was observed for pulse series sounds. At the community level, acoustic activity was more concentrated during short time periods at night at 120 m. Different sound types were either produced at distinct times or differed in pulse period range or frequency spectrum during periods of temporal overlap. The structure of realized acoustic niches also differed between the two depths. The consistent increase in the abundance of frequency-modulated sounds under reduced light conditions (both at night and in deeper waters) may reflect the need for more stereotyped acoustic signals, suggesting a potential adaptation to low-light environments
A Guide to Global Private International Law,
No full textInternational audiencepar Paul Beaumont et Jayne Holliday (dir.), Hart Publishing, 2022, 655 page
La conception du travail collectif pluricatégoriel en situation de travail qu’en ont des formateurs d’un institut de formation aux métiers de l’éducation
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ANF-Based Satisfiability for Weil-Descent Cryptographic Attacks
No full textInternational audienceIn recent years, SAT solvers have been increasingly used in cryptanalysis, for performing attacks both on symmetric and asymmetric schemes. More specifically, they are employed whenever one needs to compute a valid assignment for a logical formula when running the attack. Most often, these formulae are initially represented in Algebraic Normal Form (ANF). Solvers dedicated to solving such instances translate the input formulae into a conjunction of CNF and XOR clauses and use different techniques such as XOR recovery and manipulation and Gaussian elimination. In this paper, we aim to build a solver able to reason directly on ANF formulae derived from attacks using Weil descent on Semaev polynomials of elliptic curves, while integrating dedicated lazy structures inspired from SAT solvers.</div
