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Combining non-conventional enzymes and ozone to extract polysaccharidic hemicelluloses from bleached pulp for hydrogen production
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Physical Demands and Muscle-Induced Damage in Women's Rugby Union World Cup Matches.
No full textInternational audienceImbert, S, Piscione, J, Joncheray, H, and Daussin, FN. Physical demands and muscle-induced damage in Women's Rugby Union World Cup matches. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Increasing professionalization of women's rugby union is leading to a continuous increase in the level of practice and physical performance. The study aimed to determine the physical demands of international matches during the World Cup, match-induced muscle damage, and the relationship between blood measurement and Global Positioning System (GPS) parameters and/or subjective questionnaires. A total of 26 women's rugby union players were monitored through GPS during 6 matches of the 2022 Rugby World Cup. Eleven GPS parameters were analyzed: playing time, total distance, walking percentage, maximal aerobic speed, activity percentage, number of accelerations and decelerations, high- and very high-intensity distance, sprint distance, and maximum speed. Maximal distance was determined using rolling windows of 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 2 minutes. Well-being questionnaires and blood creatine kinase (CK) were monitored 36 hours after a match. Outside backs run faster and cover greater distances at > 24 km·h-1 than other positions, and half backs cover the greatest total distance (p < 0,05) and accelerate more (p < 0,02) than other positions. Worst-case scenario (WCS) analysis also revealed that half backs run a greater distance than other positions (p < 0.05). Blood CK activity increased 4-fold 36 hours after a match. Global Positioning System data and subjective surveys do not reflect muscle damage but, on a larger scale, they are tools to study fatigue in international rugby players. The physical demands during a match are different depending on the position played, and WCS data are useful for preparing the players. Muscle damage could not be assessed with the noninvasive tools used here
Parametric enviro-economic analysis of cooling photovoltaic panels with phase change materials
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Valorization of dredged sediments: Influence of sediment content on mechanical properties and environmental behavior
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Analysis of the syntactic computation of Fagin-Halpern conditioning in possibilistic logic
No full textInternational audienceConditioning is an essential operation in knowledge representation and uncertainty modeling. It enables a priori beliefs to be adjusted in response to new information considered to be fully certain. This work focuses on the computation of Fagin and Halpern (FH-)conditioning in the context where uncertain information is represented by weighted or possibilistic logic belief bases. Weighted belief bases are extensions of classical logic belief bases where a weight or degree of belief is associated with each propositional logic formula. This paper proposes a characterization of the syntactic computation of the revision of weighted belief bases in the light of new information, which is in full agreement with the semantics of the FH-conditioning of possibility distributions. We show that the size of the revised belief base is linear with respect to the size of the initial base and that the computational complexity amounts to performing (log2(n)) calls to the propositional logic satisfiability tests, where n is the number of different degrees of certainty used in the initial belief base. The last section of this paper examines both semantically and syntactically FH-conditioning under uncertain information, within the framework of possibility theory
L’effet de la croissance des institutions de microfinance sur le pourcentage de femmes emprunteuses
No full textInternational audienceThis article examines the relationship between the percentage of women borrowers and the risk level of microfinance institutions (MFIs), as well asexploring the paradox that a lower percentage of women borrowers in the MFI portfolio appears to be associated with a reduced level of risk. Wemeasured this relationship using panel data from a sample of 508 MFIs operating in 80 countries between 1999 and 2018, employing an OLSregression followed by GMM to confirm our analysis. The results show that a higher percentage of women borrowers is associated with a lower risk in theportfolio. However, the proportion of women among the clientele of MFIs is falling. The analysis shows that this apparent paradox can be explained bya shift in the historical focus of MFIs and an increase in their size: As women have reduced their exposure to risk, institutions have expanded more quicklyand been compelled to diversify their clientele.Cet article examine, d’une part la relation entre le pourcentage de femmes emprunteuses et le niveau de risque des institutions de microfinance (IMF)et, d’autre part, le paradoxe de la réduction du pourcentage de femmes emprunteuses dans le portefeuille des IMF, alors que celui-ci tend à réduire leniveau de risque. Nous estimons cette relation à partir de données de panel sur un échantillon de 508 IMF opérant dans 80 pays sur la période 1999 -2018 en utilisant une régression OLS, puis des GMM pour confirmer notre analyse. Les résultats soulignent que plus le pourcentage de femmesemprunteuses est élevé, plus le portefeuille à risque est faible. Cependant, la part des femmes dans la clientèle des IMF tend à diminuer. L’analyse montreque ce paradoxe apparent s’explique par la modification de l’objectif historique des IMF et l’augmentation de la taille des IMF : les femmesréduisant l’exposition au risque, les institutions grossissent plus vite, et se voient obligées de diversifier leur clientèle
A Computationally Grounded Framework for Cognitive Attitudes
No full textInternational audienceWe introduce a novel language for reasoning about agents' cognitive attitudes of both epistemic and motivational type. We interpret it by means of a computationally grounded semantics using belief bases. Our language includes five types of modal operators for implicit belief, complete attraction, complete repulsion, realistic attraction and realistic repulsion. We give an axiomatization and show that our operators are not mutually expressible and that they can be combined to represent a large variety of psychological concepts including ambivalence, indifference, being motivated, being demotivated and preference. We present a dynamic extension of the language that supports reasoning about the effects of belief change operations. Finally, we provide a succinct formulation of model checking for our languages and a PSPACE model checking algorithm relying on a reduction into TQBF. We present some experimental results for the implemented algorithm on computation time in a concrete example
