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A Relative Fuzzy Hamming-based Similarity for Temporal Semantic Sequences
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The Euro-Latin American Space: A Tale of Disentangled Imaginaries
No full textInternational audienceThe “Euro-Latin American” space is meant to be considered a space through which a common imaginary shared by Europeans and Latin Americans unfolds. Such imaginary is understood as the set of ideas, perceptions and visions of the world attached to a territorial whole. The origins of the “Euro-Latin American space” idea are essentially based on a long-shared history, dating back to the “discoveries,” which intrinsically link the two continents, and that would be the support for this common imaginary. However, the main argument put forward in this chapter is the one of disentanglement of regional imaginations between Latin America and Europe, generating divergent interpretations (dissonance), creating misunderstandings and constituting an explanation for certain limits and blockages in the bi-regional contemporary cooperation. This argument is based on a plural conceptualization of the space, borrowing from the French geographer Henri Lefebvre. This euro-Latin American space, which we discuss in this chapter, has taken on many names throughout history, each diluted in heterogeneous conceptions: “Euro-American” and “Euro-Latin American” with more specific variations such as “Ibero-American” or “Hispano-American” spaces
Degenerate Elliptic PDEs on a Network with Kirchhoff Conditions
No full textIn this article, we are interested in semilinear, possibly degenerate elliptic equations posed on a general network, with nonlinear Kirchhoff-type conditions for its interior vertices and Dirichlet boundary conditions for the boundary ones. The novelty here is the generality of the equations posed on each edge that is incident to a particular vertex, ranging from first-order equations to uniformly elliptic ones. Our main result is a strong comparison principle, i.e., a comparison result between discontinuous viscosity sub and supersolutions of such problems, from which we conclude the existence and uniqueness of a continuous viscosity by Perron's method. Further extensions are also discussed
AVINEM: A new model to improve the prediction of NH3, N2O, NOx, and N2 losses from nitrogen excretion to manure application in broiler chicken production
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Gene expression profiling of bovine raw milk is linked to the inflammatory status of the udder
No full textInflammation of the mammary gland, or mastitis, is a common disease of dairy cows with important consequences on the economy of dairy farms, well-being of cows and antibiotic usage. Monitoring of the inflammatory status of mammary gland currently relies on milk somatic cell counting. In order to improve this monitoring, methods aiming at differentiating cell types among milk cells are being developed. The objective of the present study was to explore the use of gene expression profiling from raw milk samples to define the inflammatory status of udder quarters. A pilot study allowed us to select 37 genes among 95 whose expression were associated with one of three milk cell types, i.e. neutrophils, macrophages or T lymphocytes, purified by cell sorting. Based on expression data measured by RT-qPCR for these genes, we were able to identify four different types of milk samples, each with specific properties. One cluster was characterized by increased expression of genes typifying neutrophils, a second one was identified by increased expression of genes typifying macrophages while the two others were distinguished based on the expression of genes associated with T lymphocytes. Clustering of samples based on gene expression was shown to be comparable to that obtained by flow cytometry analysis. Our results highlight the potential of profiling of milk samples based on gene expression for the analysis of the inflammatory status of udders. Implications Inflammation of the mammary gland, or mastitis, is a common disease of dairy cows with important consequences on the economy of dairy farms, well-being of cows and antibiotic usage. Improved profiling of the inflammatory status of udders is important in modern farm management. We propose a precise monitoring of the inflammatory status based on gene expression profiling from raw milk. Milk samples are classified in four clusters that differ in terms of cell composition. The method will help the identification of new on-farm criteria for precise monitoring of inflammatory status at the udder quarter level
Profiles of social support in the workplace and outcomes: the potential role of gender
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L’amateur d’estampes. Une pratique des images et ses représentations, dans la France du Second Empire et de la Troisième République: Actes du colloque international, Amiens, jeudi 1er juin et Paris, vendredi 2 juin 2023
No full textInternational audienceThe print lover fueled representations of urban society in the 19th century. Many artists drew its contours by elevating its characters to archetypes. Beyond its picturesque representations, print collecting - which also includes women - is a phenomenon at the crossroads of the art market, the history of collections, and the sociology of circles and associations. It is also an important aspect of art literature, as print collectors contributed greatly to the knowledge of printed images. Figures such as Jacques Doucet, Noël Clément-Janin, Philippe Burty, Eugène Dutuit, Henri Beraldi, Eugène Ramiro, Roger Marx, Loÿs Delteil, Jules Lieure, and Raymond Koechlin did not merely collect but were also scholars. Many more modest enthusiasts also contributed to advancing science in the field of printed images. One of the challenges of this symposium was to reflect on this history of art written by enthusiasts.L’amateur d’estampes a nourri les représentations de la société urbaine au XIXe siècle. Nombreux sont les artistes qui en ont dessiné les contours en élevant son personnage au type. Au-delà de ses représentations pittoresques, l’amateur d’estampes — qui se conjugue aussi au féminin — constitue un phénomène au carrefour du marché de l’art, de l’histoire des collections, de la sociologie des cercles et des associations. C’est également un aspect important de la littérature artistique, tant les amateurs d’estampes contribuèrent à la connaissance des images imprimées. Des figures comme Jacques Doucet, Noël Clément-Janin, Philippe Burty, Eugène Dutuit, Henri Beraldi, Eugène Ramiro, Roger Marx, Loÿs Delteil, Jules Lieure, Raymond Koechlin, ne se contentèrent pas de collectionner mais eurent une activité savante. Maints amateurs plus modestes contribuèrent également à faire avancer la science dans le domaine des images imprimées. L’un des défis de ce colloque consista à réfléchir à cette histoire de l’art écrite par les amateurs
Circulating tumor DNA driving anti-EGFR rechallenge therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: the RASINTRO prospective multicenter study
No full textInternational audienceBackground In RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), preliminary data have suggested that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may select patients for anti-EGFR rechallenge therapy. Methods RASINTRO is a prospective nonrandomized study evaluating anti-EGFR rechallenge strategy in third and later line treatment in RAS/BRAF WT mCRC. Liquid biopsies for ctDNA analysis were collected before the first (C1) and second (C2) cycle of anti-EGFR rechallenge therapy. The primary endpoint was the progression-free survival (PFS) according to RAS/BRAF mutational status on ctDNA at C1. Results Among 74 patients screened between November 2017 to March 2020, 62 were enrolled median age, 66.1 years; median number of previous lines of therapy, 3; panitumumab or cetuximab rechallenge alone (66.2%) or with chemotherapy (33.8%); ctDNA RAS/BRAF status at C1, 42 WT (67.7%) and 20 mutated (32.3%). Median PFS (3.3 vs 1.9 months: HR = 0.43; P < .01) and OS (7.9 vs 4.9 months: HR = 0.46; P = .01) were significantly longer for patients with ctDNA RAS/BRAF WT vs mutated at C1. Among the 32 patients with ctDNA RAS/BRAF WT at C1 and available blood samples at C2, those who have experienced an early decrease of more than 50% in ctDNA concentration (n = 15) had a significantly longer median PFS (4.2 vs 2.8 months; HR = 0.39; P = .01) and OS (10.2 vs 4.2 months; HR = 0.39; P = .02). Conclusion This study showed that anti-EGFR rechallenge therapy in refractory disease is more effective in patients with RAS/BRAF WT on ctDNA, and in those who experienced an early decrease of more 50% in ctDNA concentration. (NCT03259009