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: Understanding post--consumption practices in the textile sector through psychological distance
No full textInternational audienceThis paper explores disposal behaviors in the textile sector through the analytical framework of psychological distance. Drawing on semi-structured interviews conducted with 39 respondents, the study highlights a temporal dynamic in the influence of the different dimensions of psychological distance on behavior, as well as the predominant role of the combination of spatial and temporal distances in shaping the choice between recirculating or retaining a garment. Furthermore, the various facets associated with each dimension of psychological distance, as applied to the post-use context, are brought to light.Cette communication explore les comportements post-usage dans le secteur du textile au travers du cadre d’analyse de la distance psychologique. À partir d’entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de 39 répondants, notre étude met en lumière une temporalité dans l’influence des différentes dimensions de la distance psychologique sur les comportements, ainsi que le rôle prépondérant de la combinaison des distances spatiale et temporelle sur le choix de remise en circulation ou de conservation d’un vêtement. Par ailleurs, les différentes facettes, liées à chacune des dimensions de la distance psychologique appliquées au contexte du post-usage, sont mises en exergue
Temperature overrides nutritional cues for optimal oviposition decision in a polyphagous invasive insect
No full textInternational audiencePolyphagous insects rely on multiple cues to choose oviposition sites, including substrate temperature and nutritional quality that often do not coincide. We examined how females of the invasive fly Drosophila suzukii make oviposition decisions when temperature and nutrition mismatch, and whether infection with the symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia influences these choices. We first quantified female performance (egg number, offspring development time, survival, and mass) on four fruit purees at three ambient temperatures. We then assessed oviposition preferences when either substrate temperature or fruit quality varied independently. Finally, we conducted multi-choice experiments combining thermal and nutritional cues to test which most strongly drives oviposition. Both temperature and fruit quality affected offspring performance. While females were not always choosing the most favorable fruit, they consistently prioritized thermally optimal sites, even when these were nutritionally suboptimal. This behaviour gave partial support to the preference-performance hypothesis, which mainly held for temperature –the factor with the strongest effect on offspring development and survival in no-choice tests. Wolbachia infection enhanced offspring survival and reduced development time. It also altered oviposition patterns, leading to a more even distribution of eggs across fruit, though females maintained their preference for thermally favourable sites. Our findings suggest that the invasive success of D. suzukii could partly result from its capacity to select oviposition sites that maximise offspring performance under variable conditions. More broadly, they highlight the need to study behavioural decisions under conflicting environmental constraints to understand how behavioural flexibility contributes to individual fitness and population persistence in changing environments. French Abstract Les insectes polyphages s'appuient sur de nombreux signaux pour choisir leurs sites de ponte, notamment la température du substrat et sa qualité nutritionnelle, qui ne coïncident pas toujours. Cette étude analyse le choix de ponte des femelles de la mouche invasive Drosophila suzukii lorsque ces signaux sont contradictoires, ainsi que l'effet de l'infection par la bactérie symbiotique Wolbachia. L’étude s'est déroulée en quatre étapes : (i) la mesure des performances des descendants (nombre d’œufs, temps de développement, survie, masse de la progéniture) sur quatre purées de fruits à trois températures ambiantes ; l’évaluation des préférences de ponte lorsque (ii) la qualité du fruit ou (iii) la température du substrat variaient indépendamment ; et (iv) des tests à choix multiples pour déterminer le signal influençant le plus le choix de ponte. La température et la qualité du fruit impactent toutes deux la performance de la descendance. Bien que les femelles ne choisissent pas toujours le fruit le plus favorable, elles privilégient systématiquement les sites les plus chauds, thermiquement optimaux, même lorsqu'ils sont nutritionnellement sous-optimaux. Ce comportement soutient l'hypothèse préférence–performance, la température étant le principal facteur déterminant pour le développement et la survie. L'infection par Wolbachia augmente la survie et réduit le temps de développement, tout en modifiant les choix de ponte avec une répartition plus homogène entre les fruits, sans altérer la préférence pour les sites chauds. Ces résultats suggèrent que le succès invasif de D. suzukii pourrait découler de sa capacité à sélectionner des sites de ponte maximisant la performance de la descendance en conditions environnementales variables. Ils soulignent également l'importance d’étudier les décisions comportementales face à des contraintes antagonistes pour comprendre la contribution de la flexibilité comportementale à la valeur sélective des individus et à la persistance des populations
Pseudopaline-mediated zinc uptake by Pseudomonas aeruginosa drives clinically relevant phenotypes and infection outcomes
No full textInternational audienceBiological metals are vital trace elements required by metalloproteins, which are involved in virtually every cellular, structural, and catalytic function of the bacterial cell. Bacterial pathogenesis involves a tug-of-war between the host's nutritional immunity sequestering essential metals and the invading pathogens that deploy adapted high-metal affinity uptake strategies, such as metallophores, in order to efficiently circumvent these defense mechanisms. Pseudopaline is a metallophore produced and secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to acquire zinc when the bioavail ability of this metal is severely restricted, as in the presence of a strong metal che lator such as EDTA, or during infections when the nutritional immunity of the host is active. We show that when facing strong metal chelation, the general Znu zinc uptake pathway becomes ineffective and only the pseudopaline pathway is capable of supplying the bacteria with the necessary zinc to maintain their growth, establishing that the pseudopaline pathway is the last-resort pathway for the bacteria to acquire zinc under such restricted growth conditions. Based on this statement, the present study explores the pleiotropic role of pseudopaline-mediated zinc acquisition on clinically relevant phenotypes such as biofilm formation and associated antibiotic tolerance, as well as its capacity to determine infection outcomes using cell-culture and murine models. The expression of pseudopaline-dependent phenotypes in such a diversity of biological contexts demonstrates the essentiality of this specific metal uptake system for P. aeruginosa pathogenicity during infection. We therefore identify this machinery as a promising therapeutic target for P. aeruginosa infections
Transports ferroviaires - Gestionnaire de l’infrastructure, CJUE, 13 nov. 2025, aff. C-250/24, Commission c/ Espagne
No full textInternational audienceLa disposition légale conférant ministère des transports le pouvoir de nomination et de révocation des membres du conseil d’administration ne permet pas, en soi, de déduire l’existence d’un pouvoir discrétionnaire de nomination et de révocationLa charge de la preuve du manquement incombe à la Commissio
Asile - Conséquences du refus de changement de centre d’hébergement ; CJUE, 18 déc. 2025, aff. C-184/24, Sidi Bouzid
No full textInternational audienceLe refus catégorique et réitéré d’un demandeur d’asile d’être transféré dans un autre centre d’hébergement n’est pas un abandon du lieu de résidence fixé par l’autorité compétente justifiant le retrait des conditions d’accueil Ce refus peut néanmoins être sanctionné au terme d’une appréciation individualisée prenant en compte la vulnérabilité des personnes concernée
Décision d’enquête européenne et audition en vidéoconférence , CJUE, 18 déc. 2025, aff. C-325/24, Bissilli
No full textInternational audienceUne mesure destinée à recueillir des éléments de preuves et ayant pour effet incident de garantir également la comparution de la personne à une partie de son procès relève du champ d’application de la décision d’enquête européenne Le motif d’inexistence ou d’indisponibilité de la mesure ne peut être opposer à une demande d’audition en visioconférenc
Visualisation en ligne des données de : Peyrazet (Laborien-Magdalénien) avec l'application web archeoViz
No full textOnline data visualisation of: Peyrazet (Laborian-Magdalenian) using the archeoViz web applicationhttps://analytics.huma-num.fr/archeoviz/peyrazetLe site de Peyrazet (Creysse, Lot) est localisé dans le Haut-Quercy, entre les causses de Martel et de Gramat, dans la commune de Creysse. Il s’ouvre à 350 mètres du lit actuel de la Dordogne qu’il surplombe d’une vingtaine de mètres. Découvert lors de prospections spéléologiques par L. Cadillac, il fait l’objet d’une évaluation archéologique en 1991 par P. Chalard qui met en évidence une stratigraphie du Tardiglaciaire. Des fouilles programmées sont conduites par M. Langlais et V. Laroulandie entre 2008 et 2016. Ces travaux révèlent une archéostratigraphie comprenant : du Laborien (couche 1 et 2), un ensemble Azilien résiduel (couche 3), recouvrant un épais ensemble attribué au Magdalénien supérieur (couche 4). Le matériel archéologique qui comprend une riche industrie lithique et osseuse, de la parure, et des restes animaux se rapportant à une centaine de taxons, permet de reconstituer les modes de vie et les réseaux d’approvisionnement des chasseurs-collecteurs de la fin des temps glaciaires. https://analytics.huma-num.fr/archeoviz/peyrazet</a
Genotype-by-environment interactions may limit the selection efficiency of chickens intended for free-range systems
No full textInternational audienceIn response to the growing demand for alternative poultry systems, such as free-range or organic farming, slow-growing chicken lines are preferred for their robustness and meat quality. However, genetic selection is usually conducted under indoor conditions, which may not reflect outdoor challenges and may decrease the effectiveness of selection if genotype × environment (G × E) interactions exist. This study assessed G × E interactions in a slow-growing meat chicken line, focusing on feed-use efficiency, growth, carcass composition, and meat quality. The study also compared direct selection under production conditions to indirect selection in indoor environments. Chickens were reared over two summer generations under two rearing conditions: completely indoors (IN) or with outdoor access from 28 days of age to slaughter (OUT). Most heritability estimates were higher in OUT, particularly for traits such as the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (0.42 ± 0.09, vs. 0.04 ± 0.03 in IN) and residual feed intake (RFI) (0.41 ± 0.08, vs. 0.08 ± 0.04 in IN). In addition to differences in heritability, lower genetic correlations between IN and OUT (0.77 ± 0.15 for FCR and 0.74 ± 0.13 for RFI) indicated significant G × E interactions, with a loss in genetic gain up to 76% for FCR and 67% for RFI when selecting under IN conditions for OUT performance. In contrast, traits such as breast yield showed higher genetic correlations (0.94 ± 0.04) and less loss in genetic gain (17%), indicating robustness to rearing conditions, with smaller differences in heritability between environments (0.66 ± 0.09 in OUT vs. 0.51 ± 0.07 in IN). These results highlight the strong influence of G × E interactions on selection in slow-growing chickens, particularly for feed-use-efficiency traits, which have different responses to selection depending on the selection environment. When direct selection in outdoor environments is impractical, strategies such as selecting collateral relatives tested outdoors, applying genomic selection with outdoor phenotyping, or modeling G × E interactions could optimize genetic progress for outdoor systems
Moderating Effect of NICTs on Marketing Effectiveness and Export Performance of African Firms: The Impact of Gender and Manager Experience
No full textInternational audienc
Cerebral diffusion of posaconazole in an experimental model of disseminated scedosporiosis
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Posaconazole, a broad spectrum antifungal, may be used in salvage therapy for cerebral infections caused by Scedosporium species. In this study, its pharmacokinetics was investigated in a rat model of scedosporiosis to evaluate the effect of the infection on cerebral diffusion.Methods: Posaconazole was administered to two groups of rats randomized according to the infection status. Drug levels in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue were measured up to 168 h after administration, and data were analyzed using a non-compartmental approach. In addition, interleukins (IL) (IL-1β and IL-10) were quantified by ELISA, and cerebral expression of genes encoding some efflux pumps was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.Results: Cerebral diffusion of posaconazole and, to a lesser extent, cerebrospinal fluid exposure were significantly affected by infection. A ten-fold increase in the area under the curve and a delayed time (Tmax) to reach the maximum concentration (Cmax) were observed in the brain, along with a time lag to reach Cmax and Tmax between plasma and the brain. Infection was associated with changes in plasma pharmacokinetics, particularly at late sampling times.Conclusions: These findings suggest increased permeability of the blood-brain-barrier, possibly related to changes in IL or gene expression levels in the brain. Infection and the resulting inflammation should therefore be considered for therapeutic drug monitoring, especially in cases of cerebral infection