HAL Université de Tours
Not a member yet
55851 research outputs found
Sort by
Laser capture proteomics reveals new candidates for sperm-interacting proteins in the bovine oviduct epithelium
No full textInternational audienceIn brief : The molecular interactions between spermatozoa and the oviduct epithelium that are involved in capacitation and sperm availability during fertilization still remain largely unknown in many species. This study provides comprehensive proteomes of the apical and basal part of the bovine oviduct epithelium (isthmus and ampulla, pre- and post-ovulatory) and presents new protein candidates for sperm binding in the bovine functional sperm reservoir. Abstract : The proximal region of the oviduct (isthmus) serves as a sperm reservoir in many mammalian species. This reservoir is composed of epithelial cells that bind sperm primarily to their apical cilia and ensure the survival of high-quality sperm until ovulation. The species-specific molecular interactions between spermatozoa and the oviduct epithelium, however, are still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to identify new candidates for sperm-interacting proteins in the bovine reservoir using laser capture proteomics. Ipsilateral oviducts were collected from cyclic cows at pre- and post-ovulatory stages. Isthmus and ampulla tissue samples were fixed, paraffin-embedded, sectioned and subjected to laser microdissection to establish pools of microsamples separating the apical part of the epithelium, containing potential sperm-interacting proteins, from the basal part, containing proteins not currently located or secreted on the cell surface. Proteins were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS, and differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified using t-tests. A total of 505 and 512 proteins could be identified in apical and basal microsamples, respectively. Only 8/141 regional and 1/79 cycle stage-related DAPs were shared between both epithelium parts, indicating a selective regulation of protein expression. Of the apical proteins, 19 were predicted to be candidates for sperm interactions, including annexins (ANXA) 1, 2, 5 and 8; oviduct glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1); voltage-dependent anion-selective channel proteins (VDAC) 1 and 2; apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1). This work provides the first proteomic characterization of microdissected cellular compartments of the bovine oviduct epithelium and presents new candidates for improving sperm quality in assisted reproductive technologies
Argon Plasma Treatment of 4H-SiC Surface before Nickel Ohmic Contacts Formation by UV Laser Annealing
No full textInternational audienceLaser Thermal Annealing (LTA) is a necessary fabrication step to improve the 4H-SiC devices by reducing their ON-state resistance. Because the LTA annealing is achieved at the end of the front-end fabrication, the classical Radio Corporation of America cleaning (RCA) cannot be used without affecting the material deposited on the frontside. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the argon (Ar) plasma surface treatment, achieved in our sputtering tool, before the ohmic contact fabrication, as an alternative surface preparation to the RCA sequence. As the Ar plasma modifies the SiC surface morphology, it affects its wetting properties. That can play a key role in the ohmic contact formation by LTA since the nickel turns into liquid phase during the laser irradiation. For an Ar plasma treatment of 30 min, a specific contact resistance of 5.0×10 -5 Ω.cm 2 has been obtained for an annealing at 5.0 J.cm 2 , which is in the same range than the contact fabricated by LTA involving a classical RCA cleaning
Partage collaboratif de livraisons locales entre producteurs de produits alimentaires
No full textInternational audienceThis study is set within the context of local food logistics and introduces a new delivery routing problem, called Collaborative Delivery Sharing. In this problem, producers may form partnerships with other producers and are free to collaborate by organising shared deliveries to customers, including both pick-ups and drop-offs at their respective locations. The problem involves determining delivery partnerships, selecting collaboration modes (pickup and/or drop-off), and optimising the associated routing. A mathematical programming model is proposed for this problem and two metaheuristic algorithms of type Iterated Local Search and Variable neighbourhood Search. Numerical experiments demonstrate the performance of these algorithms.Cette étude s'inscrit dans le contexte de la logistique alimentaire locale et introduit un nouveau problème de routage de livraison, appelé « Collaborative Delivery Sharing ». Dans ce problème, les producteurs peuvent former des partenariats avec d'autres producteurs et sont libres de collaborer en organisant des livraisons partagées aux clients, incluant des enlèvements et des dépôts à leurs emplacements respectifs. Le problème consiste à déterminer les partenariats de livraison, à sélectionner les modes de collaboration (enlèvement et/ou dépôt) et à optimiser le routage associé. Un modèle de programmation mathématique est proposé pour ce problème, ainsi que deux algorithmes métaheuristiques de type « Recherche locale itérée » et « Recherche de voisinage variable ». Des expériences numériques démontrent les performances de ces algorithmes
Histone deacetylase 7 mediates lipopolysaccharide-inducible mitochondrial fission in macrophages
No full textInternational audienceHistone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) drives several immunometabolism-related processes in macrophages including lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible glycolysis and inflammatory mediator production. Using an advanced biotin ligase TurboID system in human macrophages, we report 104 candidate HDAC7 interaction partners that may contribute to its immunometabolic functions. One such protein is the mitochondrial fission-promoting GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), which associates with HDAC7 in cells. Using gain- and loss-of-function genetic approaches, we show that HDAC7 promotes LPS-inducible mitochondrial fission in macrophages, as well as DRP1-dependent metabolic and inflammatory responses. HDAC7 enzymatic activity was dispensable for LPS-inducible fission, as previously reported for LPS-inducible glycolysis. However, a pharmacological inhibitor of HDAC7 attenuated fission in primary human and mouse macrophages, implicating its acetyl-lysine docking function in this response. HDAC7 thus drives inducible mitochondrial fission in macrophages. Small molecules targeting the acetyl-lysine docking function of HDAC7 may have applications in preventing pathological processes driven by dysregulated mitochondrial fission
Solution of a bilevel scheduling problem on parallel machines
No full textInternational audienceThis research investigates a scheduling problem with applications in Industry 4.0. A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) called the "follower" schedules parallel uniform machines, while another agent, the "leader," decides which jobs to schedule for each period. The leader's goal is to minimize the weighted number of tardy jobs, while the follower seeks to reduce total completion time. The problem falls into the category of bilevel optimization. To solve this problem, we proposed a dynamic programming recursion and a MIP model in [1,2]. Computational experiments showed that the MIP can solve instances with up to 40 jobs and 4 machines in a reasonable amount of time. We will also focus on solving the bilevel problem exactly using column generation and a branch-and-bound algorithm based on properties from the follower and incorporate dominance rules to reduce the number of nodes. These algorithms will be presented in more detail at the conference.1. Schau Q., Ploton O.,T’kindt V., and Della Croce F. Bilevel scheduling of uniform parallel machines in the context of coupling maintenance and scheduling decisions. In Project Management and Scheduling (PMS), 2024.2. Schau Q., Ploton O.,T’kindt V., Della Croce F., and Hoogeveen H. Exact algorithms for the bilevel scheduling of uniform parallel machines in the context of coupling maintenance and scheduling decisions. In MAPSP, 2024
ESA VIVALDI Dry Immersion Microgravity Simulations Induce Increases in Immune Biomarkers Associated With Physical and Psychological Stress, and Sex‐Specific Factors
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT With future manned space projects involving missions of unprecedented duration, multisystem deconditioning induced by spaceflight could seriously affect the well‐being and health of astronauts. Safe and easily determined in‐flight biomarkers are therefore needed to monitor health status. In this study, we simulated space deconditioning with a 5‐day dry immersion (DI) of 18 healthy women and 19 healthy men and evaluated the effects of this protocol on three biomarkers: the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the granulocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Increases in all three ratios were observed in both men and women, as also observed at the end of a space mission or after exposure to simulated microgravity. These increases were associated with physical and psychological stress in both sexes. Furthermore, our work suggested a positive link between NLR increase and cardiovascular system alteration in women, whereas in men, there would be a positive relationship between NLR, GLR, PLR, and inflammation. Thus, in addition to physical and psychological stress, sex‐specific factors could contribute to increases in NLR, GLR, and PLR ratios during DI. As for the increase in PLR, it did not predict the development of long‐lasting immune diseases during DI, in contrast to 2 months of head‐down tilt bed rest (HDBR), another spaceflight analog. These data show that the NLR, GLR, and PLR ratios are promising biomarkers that deserve further study to determine the relationships between their increase and microgravity‐induced deconditioning. These dry immersion investigations are registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05043974 for women and NCT05493176 for men
Chapitre 2.2.1. Introduction : « Où-Localisation spatiale »
No full textNational audienceLes études de cas présentées dans cette partie s'interrogent donc sur la dimension spatiale du "Où ?" via l'analyse de la localisation d'objets. L'approche ne porte pas tant sur le test d'hypothèses de lieux de provenance (production, circulation, diffusion) qui sont traitées dans la partie 2.1 mais sur l'étude des répartitions géographiques des artefacts ou sites archéologiques afin de mettre en évidence des formes différentes d'occupation du territoire, pouvant permettre aussi de comprendre les modalités de diffusion de ses artefacts (cf. 2.2.7) et de modéliser les échanges entre les lieu
Genes Encoding Intracellular Signaling Proteins in Animals Originated Along with Metazoa and Chordata: Chance or Necessity?
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we investigate whether the construction of signaling pathways during evolution follows a deterministic law through a study of the eventual link between age of appearance in the tree of life and position in the signaling pathway of genes involved in these pathways. We use the 47 human signaling pathways described in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and investigate the orthologs of these genes in 315 animal species plus a yeast taxon, representing 15 large clades. Many genes appear on two key branches: those between the last common ancestor of Opisthokonta and Metazoa and between Deuterostomia and Chordata. We look for a link between the age of appearance of an upstream A gene and that of its downstream B partner. We observe that for all the interactions of two partners, only 20.6% of the corresponding genes arose simultaneously in the tree of life, 40.7% being called “backward” (i.e. B appearing before A) and 38.7% “forward” (A appearing before B). For 16 of the 47 pathways, there is a positive correlation between the age rank difference between interacting partner genes and the position of the corresponding proteins in the pathway: the more upstream a protein is involved in the pathway, the greater the rank difference is (the correlation, positive or negative, is not significant for 30 pathways). For the sole insulin signaling pathway, this correlation is negative. Moreover, by permutation test, we find that 14 of the 47 observed pathway contained larger modules (subset respecting a homogeneous appearance pattern) than expected by chance alone. Finally, for 20 of the 47 pathways, the construction scenario appears to be random, as these pathways do not validate any of our statistical tests (permutation tests on interaction direction and module sizes as well as correlation test on pathway position and age rank). Given that only 14.9% of the tests are significant and that significant effects are different among pathways, we conclude that there is no deterministic rule in the establishment of the pathways herein studied or that the patterns have been obscured by subsequent transformations
Effet de la menace du stéréotype liée au vieillissement sur la capacité d’adaptation stratégique en mémoire épisodique en fonction de la difficulté de la tâche
No full textInternational audienc
Enregistrement d’une capsule vidéo, pour la Table-ronde «Chercheuses, chercheurs en Sciences Humaines et sociales, Vous pouvez développer vos projets de recherches grâce à l’Europe!» dans le cadre du projet ASDESR Ability, financé par l’ANR, porté par l'Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon
No full textEnregistrement d’une capsule vidéo de 12 m