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Passionate Engagement and Emotional Dynamics in Video Gaming Among Individuals With and Without ADHD : Adaptive and Maladaptive Patterns
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Pourquoi l’attrait de l’utopie politique
No full textInternational audiencePolitical utopia has always held a particular fascination for readers, not only for its content (ideal government, collective happiness, elimination of injustice, balance between time devoted to work and time devoted to leisure), but also for the accessibility of its language, which conveys the message to a wider audience than that of scholars. This is how political utopia entered the field of classical literature. Among these works, this essay focuses on a classic of classics: The City of the Sun by Tommaso Campanella
Comment soigner ? Dépression, troubles cognitifs et réalité virtuelle.
No full textInternational audienceAlors que la dépression est très fortement représentée en Ehpad, comment la soigner dans un contexte de dépendance et de troubles cognitifs? Delphine Machot-Isaac propose de vous emmener au sein de l'une de ces institutions pour s'interroger, avec vous, sur les possibilités offertes par la réalité virtuelle
Anticipatory muscle activations to coordinate balance and movement during motor transitions: A narrative review
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Maintaining balance while moving is vital for day-to-day activities. A key challenge in the comprehension of human movement is to determine how muscles contribute to balance-movement coordination. Motor transitions, defined as movements executed between two steady balance states, are particularly interesting phases to study balance-movement coordination because a large, discrete change in whole-body momentum may disturb balance. During voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, anticipatory muscle patterns provide the biomechanical conditions that are favourable to both maintaining balance and executing the movement.Research question: What are the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations for balance-movement coordination during voluntarily-initiated motor transitions?Methods: We review the biomechanical contributions of the anticipatory muscle activations identified in the literature during four types of voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, through the prism of three balance mechanisms (‘moving the centre of pressure (CoP)’, ‘counter-rotating segments’, and ‘applying new external force(s)’). In particular, we investigate how anticipatory muscle activations modulate whole-body centre of mass acceleration.Results:We show that the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations have been extensively described, but mainly using the ‘moving the CoP’ mechanism. Unlike their role during steady balance states, both ‘moving the CoP’ and ‘applying new external force(s)’ mechanisms create a required mechanical instability during the anticipatory phase of motor transitions. The ‘counter-rotating’ mechanism may act as a stabiliser during motor transitions, but additional research is needed to clarify this assumption.Significance: This review establishes that muscle activation processes have different mechanical consequences for balance-movement coordination during the anticipatory phases of motor transitions, compared to steady balance states. Because the mechanical instability that is created can lead to falls, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying motor transitions is needed to enable the design of more effective fall prevention programs and/or devices for population with balance deficits
Modern health worries and exposure perceptions of individuals reporting varying levels of sensitivity to electromagnetic fields: results of two successive surveys
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction Individuals who claim to be affected by idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) report symptoms linked to EMF exposure. Uncertainties about the causes of these symptoms often leave them seeking their own care solutions. In our connected societies, they may limit their exposure, leading to a spiral of avoidance that negatively impacts overall health. Our objective is to gain insights into the characteristics of people who report sensitivity to EMFs in an attempt to provide care guidance. This study focuses on modern health worries (MHW), behaviours, and exposure perceptions of people reporting various sensitivity levels to EMFs during the COVID-19 lockdowns, which altered habits and increased telecommunication device use. Methods We conducted two surveys during relaxed lockdown periods in Belgium (June/July 2020 and February/March 2021). A total of 97 and 285 participants, respectively, answered a questionnaire on sensitivity to EMFs, MHW, exposure perception, and strategies to limit EMF exposure. We applied nonparametric descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses. Results Higher sensitivity to EMFs correlates with greater MHW regarding EMF sources and more strategies to limit EMF exposure. However, these strategies were inconclusive, as many still felt highly exposed to EMFs. Discussion Given the high distress, social isolation, and professional difficulties faced by some EMF sensitive individuals, the relevance of exposure avoidance strategies is questionable. People who perceive high sensitivity to EMFs report worries and avoidance behaviors, yet still feel highly exposed. The findings suggest exploring new care avenues
Improving the thermoelectric performance of scandium nitride thin films by implanting helium ions
No full textInternational audienceIon implantation is a widely used technique to introduce defects in low-dimensional materials and tune their properties. Here, we investigate the thermoelectric properties of scandium nitride thin films implanted with helium ions, revealing a positive impact of defect engineering on thermoelectric performance. Transport properties modeling and electron microscopy provide insights on the defect distribution in the films. The electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient increase significantly in absolute values after implantation and partially recover upon annealing as some of the implantation-induced defects heal. The thermal conductivity decreases by 46 % post- implantation due to the formation of extended defects and nanocavities. Consequently, the thermoelectric figure of merit zT doubles for the sample annealed at 673 K. These findings highlight the potential of controlled ion implantation to enhance thermoelectric properties in thin films, paving the way for further optimization through defect engineering
Alteration markers of green copper bimetallic pigments in easel paintings by an inter-comparison of analogues and historical samples
No full textInternational audienceThis paper investigates the alteration of copper acetate (verdigris) and resinate green pigments widely used in oil paintings during the Middle Ages and Renaissance periods. These are bimetallic Cu(II) complexes. Their alteration consists in a color change of these bimetallic pigments from green into brown resulting in a darkening.By combining micro-analysis of both historical painting samples and analogue mock-ups this study elucidates the interactions between pigments and organic oily matrix and the chemical changes leading to the long-term degradation of copper acetate and resinate.Different analytical techniques were combined to characterize browning and identify degradation markers. The use of multimodal micro- spectroscopic techniques with a high lateral resolution (such as scanning electron microscopy, infrared micro spectroscopy, synchrotron photoluminescence, synchrotron micro-X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy at the Cu K-edge) proved to be successful for the characterization of paint stratigraphy. The study shows the development of the pigment degradation from the surface to the inner painted layers, its facilitated propagation through defects (as cracks) and the influence of light and oxygen.The reproduced alteration in model samples fits with the ageing of masterpiece paintings. Finally, the browning mechanism is attributed to the formation of new copper complexes resulting from the ageing of organic binder and its interaction with copper bimetallic, without any detected structural modification of pigments in altered and non-altered areas
Le parcours d’un médiéviste ruraliste (HDR Volume 2 : Mémoire d’égohistoire, Curriculum vitae, bibliographie)
No full textAutre volume : tel-0493934
Suivi des caractéristiques biologiques des grandes aloses en Basse Loire et Loire Moyenne en 2020
No full textLes aloses ont été échantillonnées à l’aide d’un filet-barrage et de filets maillants, de l’estuaire à la Loire moyenne (amont d’Amboise). La situation sanitaire de l’année 2020 n’a pas permis aux pêcheries de fonctionner régulièrement, la biométrie a cependant été assurée à minima. Les 227 individus échantillonnés pour les analyses biométriques sont tous des grandes aloses. 12,7% n’ont pu être âgés pour moitié à cause de la régénération des écailles et pour moitié en raison de l’impossibilité d’interpréter les structures scalaires. Classiquement, plus de 98% sont des primipares, les classes d’âge s’étalent de 3 à 7 ans. Seule la technique du filet maillant a permis d’analyser l’évolution temporelle, sur un site, des tailles et des masses. Les tailles restent constantes tandis que les masses diminuent, d’avril à fin mai.En 2020, l’échantillonnage des juvéniles n’a été conduit que sur le site du Loiret où 37 individus ont été observés du 9 juillet au 27 août, 20 individus ont été échantillonnés, tous des grandes aloses
Intravedere l'invisibile. Immagine e simbolo tra Meister Eckhart e Nicola Cusano
No full textInternational audienceThis essay aims to analyze the way in which Meister Eckhart and Nicholas Cusanus try to talk about God conceived in Neoplatonic terms. In line with a Late-ancient and Medieval tradition that firmly denies an immediate cognition of the metaphysical One, both affirm the clear impos- sibility for the human intellect to truly know the Principle of everything. Nevertheless, despite this fundamental limit, they also admit the crucial possibility of a theological or spiritual reflec- tion of symbolic and metaphorical nature. So, I shall examine the proximity and the differences of their discourses, paying particular attention to the direct conceptual influence of Eckhart on the Cusanian elaboration, in order to underline the peculiar role that images can play in relation to these aspects of their theoretical thought