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Review of Botanical Icons. Critical Practices of Illustration in the Premodern Mediterranean, by Andrew Griebeler
No full textInternational audienceReview of Botanical Icons. Critical Practices of Illustration in the Premodern Mediterranean, by Andrew Griebele
Learning Analytics, privacy and GDPR: the impossible balance ?
No full textInternational audienceThis paper explores the relationship between learning analytics and data management practices. With the increasing digitalization of education, learning platforms like Moodle have become ubiquitous in higher education. While these platforms offer personalized learning pathways for students, they require extensive data collection, raising concerns about personal data management. Despite its usefulness, learning analytics presents significant challenges regarding data protection. Students are often inadequately informed about how their data are being used. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) enforces strict requirements, mandating explicit consent and transparency in data usage.An analysis of 60 IT policies from French universities reveals substantial gaps in the implementation of GDPR and data privacy measures. Most policies fail to explicitly address the use of learning analytics data, highlighting an urgent need for updates and greater awareness among both students and educational institutions
Échanges autour des recherches, des métiers, des parcours de formation et visite (UMR BOA, INRAE)
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How and when does workaholism predict lower work performance and life satisfaction?
No full textInternational audiencePurpose This study aims to examine the indirect effects of workaholism on life satisfaction (Samples 1 and 2) and work performance (Sample 2) as mediated by presenteeism. This study also examined whether these indirect effects differed at various levels of work−home segmentation. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data from two samples of employees with jobs in administration (Sample 1) and engineering (Sample 2). Findings The results showed that workaholism was associated with higher levels of presenteeism, whereas work−home segmentation was negatively related to presenteeism. Presenteeism was also negatively related to life satisfaction (Samples 1 and 2) and work performance (Sample 2). Furthermore, the positive effects of workaholism on presenteeism were stronger at low levels of work−home segmentation. Finally, the indirect effects of workaholism on life satisfaction (Samples 1 and 2) and work performance (Sample 1) were significantly mediated by presenteeism at low levels of work−home segmentation, but not at high levels of work−home segmentation. Originality/value This research demonstrates that work−home segmentation buffers the detrimental effects of workaholism
Two different roles of the trunk segment during the anticipatory phase of gait initiation
No full textInternational audienceEnsuring balance is vital for everyday movement. Gait initiation, the transition from quiet standing to a whole-body steady movement, is a common paradigm to investigate the quality of balance-movement coordination. During gait initiation, stereotyped anticipatory lower-limb muscle activations create a mechanical instability to generate a forward rotation of the whole-body before the first foot- off helping movement initiation (Crenna & Frigo, 1991). However, this assumption was based only on the centre of pressure displacement and a linear inverted pendulum model of the whole-body, neglecting the rotational contribution of segments to the movement. When investigating the internal whole-body angular momentum (HM) around the mediolateral axis during stepping, the body rotates backward before the first foot-off, mainly because of the large inertia of the trunk segment (Begue et al., 2021). However, differences might exist between stepping and gait initiation because stepping implies stopping the forward motion initiated at the first step. During gait initiation, robust activations of trunk extensor muscles were recorded before the first foot-off (Ceccato, Sèze, Azevedo, & Cazalets, 2009). Yet it remains unclear whether these trunk muscle activations contribute to the whole-body forward acceleration, to the whole-body stabilisation (by limiting the forward HM), or both. Adding mass to a segment can modify its inertia, enabling to explore its contribution. Here, we have compared two different trunk mass conditions to highlight the contribution of the trunk segment to HM ( ), and thus to the balance-movement coordination
Distribution d'une rotation le long d'une sous-suite
No full textInternational audienceLet S := (s_1 < s_2 < . . . ) be a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers and denote e(β) := e^{2πiβ}. We say S is good if for every real α the limit lim_N 1/N ∑n≤N e(s_nα) exists. By the Riesz representation theorem, a sequence S is good iff for every real α the sequence (s_nα) possesses an asymptotic distribution modulo 1. Another characterization of a good sequence follows from the spectral theorem: the sequence S is good iff in any probability measure preserving system (X, m, T) the limit lim_N 1/N ∑n≤N f (T^{s_n} x) exists in L^2-norm for f ∈ L^2(X).Of these three characterization of a good set, the one about limit measures is the most suitable for us, and we are interested in finding out what the limit measure μ_{S,α} := lim_N 1/N ∑n≤N δ_{s_nα} on the torus can be. In this first paper on the subject, we investigate the case of a single irrational α. We show that if S is a good set then for every irrational α the limit measure μ_{S,α} must be a continuous Borel probability measure. Using random methods, we show that the limit measure μ_{S,α} can be any measure which is absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar-Lebesgue probability measure on the torus. On the other hand, if ν is the uniform probability measure supported on the Cantor set, there are some irrational α so that for no good sequence S can we have the limit measure μ_{S,α} equal ν. We leave open the question whether for any continuous Borel probability measure ν on the torus there is an irrational α and a good sequence S so that μ_{S,α} = ν
The role of executive function and language abilities in explaining theory of mind development in preschool-age children
No full textInternational audienceThe development of theory of mind is linked to executive functions and language abilities in preschool-age children. Its relationship with these two cognitive variables has been studied from two research perspectives, providing a clear theoretical view on the links between theory of mind and executive functions on the one hand, and theory of mind and language on the other. However, the link between these three variables together has only recently been studied through a single research question and few data exist. This study therefore aimed to assess to what extent executive functions and language abilities contribute to theory of mind development. A sample of 112 children between 3 and 6-years old completed three language tasks from the ELO (Batterie d'Evaluation du Langage Oral) test: a receptive and an expressive vocabulary task and a syntax understanding task, the Wellman and Liu scale as a theory of mind task and three executive function tasks, namely the grass/snow task to measure inhibition, the DCCS (Dimensional Change Card Sort) to evaluate cognitive flexibility and the WPPSI (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale Intelligence) to assess working memory. The findings revealed significant correlations between theory of mind and executive function domains, except for cognitive flexibility. Theory of mind and all language variables were also found to be significantly correlated. Multiple regression analyses justified only syntax and general language abilities as possible explanatory factors of the children's theory of mind performance. These findings support the view that language, more specifically syntax, is an important explanatory factor of theory of mind in young children. Theoretical implications of these finding are discussed
Brownian continuum random tree conditioned to be large
No full textWe consider a Feller diffusion (Zs, s ≥ 0) (with diffusion coefficient √ 2β and drift θ ∈ R) that we condition on {Zt = at}, where at is a deterministic function, and we study the limit in distribution of the conditioned process and of its genealogical tree as t → +∞. When at does not increase too rapidly, we recover the standard size-biased process (and the associated genealogical tree given by the Kesten's tree). When at behaves as αβ 2 t 2 when θ = 0 or as α e 2β|θ|t when θ = 0, we obtain a new process whose distribution is described by a Girsanov transformation and equivalently by a SDE with a Poissonian immigration. Its associated genealogical tree is described by an infinite discrete skeleton (which does not satisfy the branching property) decorated with Brownian continuum random trees given by a Poisson point measure. As a by-product of this study, we introduce several sets of trees endowed with a Gromovtype distance which are of independent interest and which allow here to define in a formal and measurable way the decoration of a backbone with a family of continuum random trees
