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Ten practical guidelines for microclimate research in terrestrial ecosystems
No full textInternational audienceMost biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem processes on land take place in microclimates that are decoupled from the climate as measured by standardised weather stations in open, unshaded locations. As a result, microclimate monitoring is increasingly being integrated in many studies in ecology and evolution. Overviews of the protocols and measurement methods related to microclimate are needed, especially for those starting in the field and to achieve more generality and standardisation in microclimate studies. Here, we present 10 practical guidelines for ground‐based research of terrestrial microclimates, covering methods and best practices from initial conceptualisation of the study to data analyses. Our guidelines encompass the significance of microclimates; the specifics of what, where, when and how to measure them; the design of microclimate studies; and the optimal approaches for analysing and sharing data for future use and collaborations. The paper is structured as a chronological guide, leading the reader through each step necessary to conduct a comprehensive microclimate study. At the end, we also discuss further research avenues and development in this field. With these 10 guidelines for microclimate monitoring, we hope to stimulate and advance microclimate research in ecology and evolution, especially under the pressing need to account for buffering or amplifying abilities of contrasting microhabitats in the context of global climate change.Gran parte de la dinámica de la biodiversidad y de los procesos ecosistémicos terrestres tienen lugar en microclimas desvinculados del clima medido por estaciones meteorológicas estandarizadas, situadas en lugares abiertos y sin sombra. Por este motivo, el monitoreo del microclima se está integrando cada vez más en muchos estudios de ecología y evolución. Para aquellos que se inician en el trabajo de campo, y para lograr una mayor generalidad y estandarización en los estudios de microclima, se necesitan protocolos y métodos de medición estandarizados relacionados con el microclima. Aquí presentamos diez pautas prácticas para la investigación de microclimas terrestres, que abarcan métodos y buenas prácticas desde la conceptualización inicial del estudio hasta el análisis de datos. Nuestras pautas abarcan la importancia de los microclimas, las particularidades de qué, dónde, cuándo y cómo medirlos, el diseño de los estudios sobre microclimas y los enfoques óptimos para analizar y compartir datos para su uso y colaboración futura. El artículo está estructurado como una guía cronológica que conduce al lector a través de cada uno de los pasos necesarios para llevar a cabo un estudio exhaustivo del microclima. Al final, también se discuten futuras líneas de investigación y desarrollo en este campo. Con estas diez pautas para el monitoreo del microclima, esperamos estimular y avanzar en la investigación del microclima en ecología y evolución, especialmente bajo la urgente necesidad de dar cuenta de las capacidades amortiguadoras o amplificadoras de microhábitats contrastantes en el contexto del cambio climático global.La majorité des dynamiques de biodiversité et des processus écosystémiques terrestres se déroulent sous des conditions microclimatiques découplées des conditions climatiques telles qu'elles sont mesurées par les stations météorologiques standardisées, qui sont situées dans des lieux ouverts et non ombragés. Ainsi, le suivi des conditions microclimatiques est de plus en plus intégré aux études en écologie et en évolution. Il est nécessaire de synthétiser les protocoles et méthodes de mesure des conditions microclimatiques, pour celles et ceux qui débutent dans ce domaine, mais aussi pour atteindre une forme de généralisation et de standardisation des approches utilisées entre études. Nous présentons ici dix recommandations pour la recherche sur les microclimats terrestres, couvrant les méthodes et les bonnes pratiques depuis la conceptualisation d'une étude sur le microclimat jusqu'à l'analyse des données microclimatiques. Nos recommandations incluent la pertinence des microclimats, les spécificités associées aux mesures à effectuer (où, quand et comment), en passant par la conception des études microclimatiques, ainsi que les approches méthodologiques optimales à utiliser pour analyser et partager les données en vue d'utilisations et collaborations futures. L'article est structuré comme un guide chronologique, accompagnant le lecteur à travers chaque étape nécessaire pour la bonne réalisation d'une étude microclimatique complète. Nous terminons en discutant les perspectives de recherche et les développements dans ce domaine. Avec ces dix recommandations, nous espérons stimuler et faire progresser la recherche sur les microclimats en écologie et en évolution, en particulier face à la nécessité pressante de prendre en compte les capacités des divers microhabitats à tamponner ou à amplifier les extrêmes climatiques en contexte de changements climatiques
Quand les publics participent à la recherche archéologique. Évolution d’un musée de site en cours de fouille à Dehlingen (Bas-Rhin)
No full textInternational audienc
Temporal trends in population characteristics and type of device among primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients: The DAI-PP programme
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Patient characteristics, technology and clinical practice surrounding primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillators have evolved continuously over time.Aim: To explore the temporal changes in patient characteristics, pharmacological therapy and device types among implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients implanted for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death over the last two decades in France.Methods: Characteristics of participants and type of device from the retrospective DAI-PP Pilot Study (2002-2012) were compared with those from the ongoing prospective DAI-PP Consortium (2018 onwards).Results: This study included 9588 participants overall (DAI-PP Pilot Study, n=5539; DAI-PP Consortium, n=4049). Compared with the DAI-PP Pilot Study, the DAI-PP Consortium subjects were older at implantation (62.5 vs 65.2 years; P=0.001) and had a higher proportion of women (15.1% vs 20.6%; P<0.001), a similar proportion of ischaemic heart disease (60.2% vs 60.2%; P=0.98), a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (27±7% vs 30±8%; P<0.001) and more patients with narrow QRS complexes (30.5% vs 46.0%; P<0.001). The proportion of patients treated with heart failure drugs increased significantly (70.1% vs 83.1%; P<0.001), whereas the use of amiodarone became much less frequent (22.7% vs 14.7%; P<0.001). Finally, the proportions of cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (53.8% vs 46.4%; P<0.001) and dual-chamber defibrillators (23.3% vs 17.3%; P<0.001) decreased, whereas subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators now account for a sizeable proportion of implants (14.6%).Conclusions: Over a 20-year period, the primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator population has evolved significantly, with an older age and a higher proportion of women. The type of device has changed, with fewer cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators and more subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators
Droits fondamentaux : Contrôle juridictionnel de la composition des juridictions, CJUE, 14 nov. 2024, aff. C-197/23, S.S.A c/ C. sp.z o.o
No full textInternational audienc
Collaborative CSR strategies for very small business enterprises
No full textInternational audienceThis study explores the impact of regulatory changes on the entrepreneurial practices of very small enterprises (VSEs) in the building trade, particularly focusing on the shift towards collaborative or grouped actions. With the increasing emphasis on energy performance due to regulations from the Grenelle Environment Round Table, craftspeople are compelled to adapt by forming strategic partnerships. The research identifies different profiles of craftsmen based on their motivations, priorities, and capacity for collaboration. By employing a co-construction methodological approach, the study reveals the challenges and opportunities that arise from grouped actions, such as navigating legal frameworks and fostering trust among collaborators. The findings highlight the diversity of entrepreneurial strategies and underscore the necessity of developing actionable tools to support effective group collaboration. The study concludes that while grouped action presents a promising pathway for addressing the evolving demands of the sector, it also requires a nuanced understanding of individual and collective dynamics. These insights provide valuable implications for both practitioners and policymakers aiming to enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of small enterprises through collaborative efforts
The mediating role of self-esteem in sensory processing sensitivity and affective dependence among adolescents and young adults
No full textInternational audienceSensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is an innate personality trait that affects approximately 30% of the population. It is characterized by more intense, complex, and rapid cognitive processing of stimuli, along with heightened emotional reactivity. This study examines the influence of SPS on self-esteem and affective dependence in adolescents and emerging adults, a critical developmental period marked by significant physical, psychological, emotional, and social changes. Adolescence is a sensitive developmental period, and self-esteem is strongly correlated with SPS during this period, with low self-esteem acting as a trigger for affective dependence. Hence, we aim to explore the relationship between these three variables. Our hypotheses were tested on 100 adolescents and young adults aged 15 – 20 years who completed an online questionnaire assessing SPS, self-esteem, and affective dependence. The results confirmed the influence of gender on sensitivity and self-esteem (p<0.01) and the impact of romantic relationship experience on affective dependence scores (p<0.05). The variables were significantly correlated (p<0.001). Sensitivity and self-esteem influenced affective dependence (p<0.001), and self-esteem played a mediating role between sensitivity and affective dependence. Our findings support the hypothesis that higher SPS is a vulnerability factor in the development of affective dependence. However, this study has some limitations, such as a small sample size, which limits generalizability. Therefore, further studies on a larger cohort can be conducted to validate these findings
Well-being of families with children with disabilities: an exploration of resources in a specialized vacation center
No full textInternational audiencePurpose Using the REPLACE conceptual model and the psycho-emotional model of disability, this study aims to analyze the experience of families with children with disabilities (FCwDs) in a specialized vacation center to understand the nature of the resources that give them a sense of well-being and a strong place attachment. Design/methodology/approach The study uses an exploratory approach. The data consist of ethnographic observations, interviews with family members and center staff and activity leaders’ answers to a questionnaire. Findings The specialized vacation center studied in this paper offers FCwDs therapeutic resources but also social safeness resources, providing them with a welcome time of respite. Originality/value Without questioning the need to provide inclusive services and market accessibility for consumers with disabilities, this paper recommends solutions that the author calls “safe places,” where FCwDs feel neither stigmatized nor judged, have access to social safeness, relational and restorative resources and experience well-being with their loved ones
Stocker, sauvegarder, verser, archiver, déposer : quelles différences? Fiche pratique du Groupe de travail Archives, Consortium MASA Plus
No full textFiche pratiqueAujourd'hui, les acteurs de la recherche ont besoin de connaître les différentes étapes à suivre et qui s'imposent pour enregistrer et rendre accessibles durablement les données numériques qu'ils utilisent et celles qu'ils produisent dans le cadre de leurs travaux. Cette fiche rappelle les différences entre la sauvegarde, le stockage, le dépôt, le versement et l'archivage de ces données. Elle propose des définitions et des ressources liées à ces sujets
Exploring Bioinspired Ln<sup>3+</sup> Complexes for Cu<sup>2+</sup> Detection: Design and Efficacy as MRI Contrast Agents
No full textInternational audienceImaging extracellular Cu2+ in vivo is important due to its role in physiological and pathological processes. Magnetic resonance imaging is a promising modality for this purpose but developing contrast agents selective for Cu2+ over abundant Zn2+ ions remains a challenge. We synthesized and characterized two novel ligands, DO3A‐picG and DO3A‐picGH, containing a macrocycle and a pendant arm for Cu2+ complexation inspired from the ATCUN site of human serum albumin. The corresponding Ln3+ complexes were studied in the presence and in the absence of Cu2+ through UV‐visible, fluorescence and EPR spectroscopies, as well as relaxivity measurements. These studies show that Gd‐DO3A‐picG and Gd‐DO3A‐picGH are non‐hydrated complexes, in which the pyridine‐amide moiety remains coordinated to Ln3+ even in the presence of Cu2+. While Gd‐DO3A‐picG does not respond to Cu2+, a sizeable relaxivity increase is observed for Gd‐DO3A‐picGH. This increase is attributed to an increased second‐sphere contribution to the relaxivity, i. e. a higher number of H2O molecules retained in close proximity to Gd3+ through H‐bonding. Finally, we show that Gd‐DO3A‐picGH binds Cu2+ with a μM affinity, and is selective for Cu2+ vs Zn2+
