HAL Université de Tours
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How does GVC Participation Shape Firms' ESG Compliance?
No full textIn today’s highly integrated global economy, global value chains (GVCs) are reshaping not only economic activity but also corporate responsibility. This paper examines how firms’ participation in GVCs influences their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, using firm-level data from over 222,000 firms across 159 countries in the World Bank Enterprise Survey. We construct multidimensional ESG indices through a principal component analysis approach and analyze both direct and indirect effects of GVC integration while accounting for firm heterogeneity and potential endogeneity. Our findings show that GVC engagement significantly enhances ESG outcomes, particularly in the environmental and governance dimensions, with larger, older, publicly-owned and manufacturing-sector firms benefiting the most. Female-managed firms, however, face persistent structural barriers. Moreover, firms in developed countries and regions benefit most. Mediation analysis identifies innovation, business strategy, and access to finance as key indirect channels through which GVCs enhance ESG compliance. Robustness checks confirm that deeper integration yields greater sustainability gains, and the results are robust to endogeneity issues
Natural eutectic systems as emerging green multifunctional ingredients: A sensory-related perspective
No full textInternational audienceNatural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDES) are emerging as sustainable alternatives to conventional solvents, with increasing relevance in soft matter applications such as cosmetics. In this study, eleven NaDES were compared to standard cosmetic ingredients to evaluate their sensory-related potential. Surface tension, viscosity, rub-out friction, spreadability, stickiness, and gloss were assessed as instrumental proxies for key sensory attributes. These properties help predict user perception and guide their application as cosmetic ingredients. Surface tension values ranged from 48 to 70 mN/m for hydrophilic NaDES, while lipophilic systems exhibited values close to those of natural oils (27.8 ± 1.5 mN/m). Viscosity profiles revealed strong differentiation: BetGly and UreaGly displayed intermediate viscosities (500–900 mPa·s), similar to glycerin, whereas CitrAcidGlu exhibited high viscosity (5740.3 ± 167.2 mPa·s), coupled with pronounced stickiness (1.12 ± 0.03 g·sec) and spreading resistance (15.1 ± 0.0 mm2/μL/min)—suggesting potential use in adhesive or film-forming formulations like hair care products. Most lipophilic NaDES showed low viscosity (<250 mPa·s) and minimal tack (0.058–0.089 g·sec), closely resembling emollient esters and oils. Gloss performance highlighted compounds such as ProGlyGlu, BetGly, MentOcta, and C12Ment as analogues to commonly used emollients, like DUB CO (16.5 ± 2.1 AU), while other lipophilic NaDES and BetGlyGlu (hydrophilic) mimic dimethicone (6.5 ± 0.26 AU). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two distinct sensory-related clusters: hydrophilic NaDES aligned with humectants such as glycerin, while lipophilic NaDES grouped with emollients like jojoba oil. These results highlight the multifunctionality and tunability of NaDES for interfacial design in soft materials
Calcium Imaging in Olfaction: Non-rodent Mammalian Species
No full textInternational audienceThe mammalian olfactory system plays a crucial role in detecting and transducing a diverse array of molecular cues present in the environment influencing in the display of behaviors such as feeding, reproductive function, and avoidance of predators. The recognition of these chemical signals primarily involves activation of olfactory and vomeronasal sensory neurons located in the main olfactory epithelium and the vomeronasal organ, respectively. Calcium imaging is a well-established method in rodents and insects to evaluate sensory cell activity, although its utilization in other species, particularly large mammals, is less prevalent. Here, we describe recent methodological advances using calcium imaging to scrutinize the response patterns of olfactory and vomeronasal sensory neurons isolated from goats and pigs, with potential applications in other species as well. Our approach reports cell responses to olfactory stimuli and provides a method for molecular characterization of the activated cells through immunolabeling. This methodology enables us to analyze the response patterns of single sensory cells aligning them with specific molecular profiles, providing a valuable tool for identifying mammalian chemosignals and their respective receptors
F-actin disassembly by the oxidoreductase MICAL1 promotes mechano-dependent VWF-GPIBa interaction in platelets
No full textInternational audienc
Successional patterns of diatom communities in a restored thermo-mineral spring: a fifteen-month study in the Massif Central, France
No full textInternational audienc
A Database of Renaissance Printing Types and Engraved Materials: BATYR
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Jean Brèche et Charles Chiffin : les réseaux de deux hommes du livre tourangeaux
No full textInternational audienceNous nous proposons de documenter à nouveaux frais la production de deux Tourangeaux actifs dans les années 1540 : un avocat, Jean Brèche, et un orfèvre, Charles Chiffin. Le premier, homme central dans la vie intellectuelle tourangelle, fut également un auteur prolifique, et le second un intéressant graveur de caractères. En passant de l'un à l'autre, nous serons amenés à explorer leurs liens et leurs réseaux communs, entre Tours et Paris
Le cheval, toute une histoire !
No full textLivret d'expositionLivret de l'exposition collaborative et interdisciplinaire qui réunit des acteurs de la recherche autour de l’histoire des chevaux et de leur conservation jusqu’ànos jours.* En apprendre plus sur la vie des chevaux fossiles et actuels.* Faire parler les ossements grâce à la combinaison des disciplines issuesdes sciences du vivant et de l’archéologie.* Découvrir une espèce en danger d’extinction, le cheval de Przewalski
The Core Latin American Members (CLAM) in BBNJ negotiations: A case of rule-making influence from the South on the ocean regime
No full textInternational audienceThe legally binding International Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity Beyond Areas of National Jurisdiction (known as the “BBNJ Agreement”) is the result of almost twenty years of a multilateral debates (2004–2023). This treaty-making process has revealed, as with many others, the complex relationships between the Global North and Global South, and between Southern States. For the duration of the last Intergovernmental Conferences for the BBNJ agreement (IGC, 2019–2023), Latin America States have become closer, and have exerted rule-making influence in this multilateral process. Some Latin American States (LAS) quickly formed an ad hoc coalition called “Core Latin American Members” (CLAM), which played a decisive role in developing diplomatic strategies of rule entrepreneurship. How has CLAM been influential in the multilateral negotiation of the BBNJ Agreement and for what outcomes? To answer this question, the article will explore two dimensions: first, how this ad hoc coalition was created and how it has operated during the negotiations, including its alignment with other groups; second, what has been the CLAM’s rule-making contribution in the agreement-making process. To carry out the empirical examination, the article used a wide range of qualitative methods, from participant observation (in the IGC 4 and 5) to digital observation (IGC 1–5bis), from semi-structured interviews (with delegates and CLAM members) to process-tracing based on official negotiation documents. This article will contribute to understanding the strategic and relevant continent’s role in the BBNJ negotiations