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« Un livre de lui » : l'écrivain Pierre Loti au miroir de sa maison
No full textInternational audienc
Cerebral oxygenation and cognitive performance under different acute normobaric hypoxic conditions: a fNIRS study
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: This study investigates the effects of different levels of acute normobaric hypoxia on cognitive function and cerebral oxygenation in healthy young adults.Methods: Twenty-four participants aged 18-30 years were exposed to hypoxia with an inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) equivalent to 20.9%, 17.44%, 14.5% and 12.7%. They performed different cognitive tasks, including the Stroop test, Corsi blocks (forward and backward), the n-Back task (1-Back and 2-Back), and the Go/No-Go task. Cerebral oxygenation was measured using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during each cognitive task.Results: In this study, we did not observe any effect of hypoxia on cognitive performance. However, perceived difficulty increased with increasing hypoxia, especially for the Stroop task (p = 0.003, Kendall's W = 0.208) and Corsi (p = 0.018, Kendall's W = 0.152). NIRS results showed a progressive increase in deoxyhemoglobin (ΔHHb) and a progressive decrease in oxyhemoglobin (ΔO2Hb) with increasing hypoxia for all cognitive tasks. There was no effect on total hemoglobin (ΔtHb). Finally, positive correlations were found between pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and ΔTSI% and between SpO2 and ΔO2Hb for all tasks, while a negative correlation was observed between SpO2 and ΔHHb. No correlation was found between SpO2 or TSI% and cognitive performance.Conclusion: In conclusion, cognitive function appears to be unaffected by acute exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia at FiO2 above 12.7%. These results suggest a complete compensation of oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex region in young healthy subjects
What works to engage cancer patients with fatigue in exercise: a scoping review of RCT-based interventions
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L’analyse de la validité des clauses asymétriques en mald’harmonie des solutions.
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Metaphraseography and phraseographic design: A learning dictionary of French-Chinese idioms
No full textInternational audiencePhraseological units (PUs) are rich with implicit carriers of cultural idiosyncrasies, societal states, collective perspectives, historicity, and conventionality (González-Rey 2002). Learning PUs should be part of a long-term process in the teaching of language and culture in a foreign language context (González-Rey 2007; Sułkowska 2016; Chen 2021).Bilingual dictionaries are “the foundation of all language pedagogy” (Taifi 2021: 28). A good dictionary for learning foreign language (FL) phraseological units (PUs) meets learners' need to independently acquire this culturally rich part of the lexicon. In the context of didactic lexicology, “the phraseological dictionary claims its place of honor as the tool of choice in teaching-learning methods of fixed expressions” (Wotjak 2005).1Thus, we aim to design a learning dictionary to improve phraseology in a foreign language, specifically French-Chinese idiomatic expressions. This reflection is based on a metaphrastic approach. (Murano 2011; Chen 2022a).The macrostructure is based on thematic classification (e.g., human body, animals) on one hand, and on the degree of intralingua “fixed” and interlingual comparative methods on the other. The microstructure will be detailed, including etymology, figurative meaning, the source of the phraseological unit (PU), its pragmatic use, and phraseology from French to Chinese (Chen 2022b)
Protection temporaire et accès à la protection subsidiaire; CJUE, 13 nov. 2025, aff. C-525/23, Oti
No full textInternational audienceSi la « directive protection temporaire » ne vise que l’accès à la procédure d’asile cela comprend la protection subsidiaire Les bénéficiaires du régime de protection temporaire doivent avoir le droit de demander la protection subsidiair
Quel avenir pour Gibraltar ? Les revendications nationalistes espagnoles et le "nationalisme gibraltarien" face au Brexit
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Brain size reduction in dogs was already established at least by the Late Neolithic of western Europe, 5,000 years ago
No full textThe timing and causes of brain size reduction in domestic dogs remain uncertain. Using endocast's volume as a proxy for brain size, this study provides a first insight into long-term brain size evolution in the wolf-dog lineage. We compared endocranial volumes of 185 modern and 22 prehistoric wolves and dogs ranging from Western Europe to Australia, and spanning the Pleniglacial (35 Ky BP) to the Late Neolithic (5 Ky BP). Our results reveal that Pleistocene so called "protodogs" show no brain size reduction compared to coeval Pleistocene wolves. Instead, we observed a slightly larger relative endocranial volume in the 35,000-year-old 'protodog' from Goyet, which could suggest increased behavioural flexibility in the presence of humans. This hypothesis needs to be tested further. In contrast, Late Neolithic dogs show a drastic 46% brain size reduction with an endocranial volumes comparable to modern small terrier and toy breeds. The anxious and wary temperaments of these Late Neolithic dogs, induced by the brain tissue reorganization associated with such a size reduction, could have served an alerting purpose, among the many other potential roles dogs could have played within this Late Neolithic socio-ecosystems
ICU-acquired infections and thrombo-embolic events in critically ill patients receiving platelet transfusion: a prospective multicenter observational study.
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Platelet transfusion is relatively common in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). Both ICU-acquired infections and thromboembolic events have been reported after platelet transfusion. We sought to explore risk-factors of these complications.Materials and methods: We conducted a ancillary analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study including critically ill patients who received at least one platelet transfusion in one of the 9 participating ICUs. Patients' characteristics were compared according to the occurrence of post platelet transfusion ICU-acquired infections (blood stream infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia) and thromboembolic events. Factors associated with those outcomes were assessed by univariable and multivariable Fine and Gray regression.Results: Of the 310 included patients, 64 patients (20.6%) and 14 patients (4.5%) experienced at least one ICU-acquired infection and a thromboembolic event after platelet transfusion, respectively. Fifty patients (78.1%) developed blood stream infection (BSI), 32 (50%) experienced ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and 18 (28.1%) had both VAP and BSI. Independent risk factors for post platelet transfusion ICU-acquired infection included a platelet count at ICU admission <109/L (protective) (subdistribution Harard Ratio (sHR) 0.52 95% CI [0.31-0.89] p=0.016), multiple platelet transfusion prior to infection occurrence (sHR 2.15 [1.25-3.71] p=0.005) and a Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II>50 (sHR 3.67 [2.16-6.25] p<0.001). While, the unique variable independently associated with thrombotic event occurring after platelet transfusion in adjusted Fine-Gray regression was a SAPS II >50 (sHR 4.27 [1.18-15.39] p=0.027).Discussion: In this prospective multicenter study, the risk of hospital-acquired infection after platelet transfusion increased in patients receiving multiple platelet transfusions and with patient severity at ICU admission
Surface oscillations of a liquid-solid fluidized bed
No full textInternational audienceWe report experimental investigations of an unconfined liquid-solid fluidized bed at low to moderate Reynolds number. The fluidization velocity U f is measured when an upward flow is imposed, and the sedimentation velocity U sed is measured when the flow is stopped. Only when the level of inlet flow fluctuation is sufficiently low will these two velocities coincide, as expected for an unbound system. A systematic comparison between U f and U sed should therefore be made when attempting to determine fluidization laws. Comparisons with previous studies show that U f measurements gather on a single function of the ratio Φ/Φ pack between the particle volume fraction Φ and its packing value Φ pack , except for a factor K that encompasses all effects other than concentration:Stokes number, Reynolds number, confinement and inlet condition. Time-resolved measurements of the fluidized bed surface show two contributions: uncorrelated high-frequency fluctuations and low-frequency oscillations that remain correlated over minutes. The coherent oscillations correspond to the arrival of upward concentration waves at the bed surface. Their wavelength, which characterizes the length scale of large-scale heterogeneities, was known to diverge as the packing state is approached. Here, we found that it also increases with decreasing concentration, suggesting that the loss of global bed stability observed in previous work at high expansions may be related to the development of heterogeneous structures of a size comparable to that of the column.</div