HAL Université de Savoie
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« That Sound » La voix d’un attracteur en méthodes visuelles
No full textInternational audienceAN DOMHAN was presented in a live performance. A user is immersed in the virtual reality headset, while sound artist Tommy Lawson composes a live sound creation following the user's movements. An intrinsic relationship, an attraction, is created between the inside of the VR headset and the outside of the sound installation, as well as between the inside of the sound machine and the outside of the user's immersive experience. There is also a "That Sound" narrator giving rhythm to the experience between the bodies, just as there is a "That Person" in Matt Mullican's performances and installations. Isn't sound, in this immersive, narrative framework/landscape, above all a trace and sign of a voice, resonating and allowing us to map the modes and relationships at work between body/machine through an artistic, performative protocol in place? For us, sonification, as developed by Philippe Zarka, is a process with strong artistic, narrative and phenomenological potential for exploring this sonic cartography, and perhaps even redesigning the sonic face of experience.L’expérience en réalité mixte AN DOMHAN a été présenté dans une performance « live ». Un utilisateur est immergé dans le casque en réalité virtuelle pendant que Tommy Lawson (artiste sonore) compose une création sonore en directe suivant les mouvements de l’utilisateur. Une relation intrinsèque, une attraction, se crée entre le dedans du casque VR et l’extérieur de l’installation sonore ainsi que l’intérieur de la machine sonore et le dehors de l’expérience immersive vécue par l’utilisateur. Aussi, existe-t-il un « That Sound » narrateur rythmant l’expérience entre les corps, comme il y a un « That Person » dans les performances et installation de Matt Mullican. Le son dans ce cadre/paysage narratif et immersif n’est-il pas avant tout trace et signe d’une voix, qui résonne et nous permet de cartographier les modes et les relations à l’oeuvre entre corps/machine par le biais d’un protocole artistique, performatif en place ? La sonification, développée par Philippe Zarka devient alors pour nous un procédé méthodologique au fort potentiel artistique, narratif et phénoménologique pour creuser cette cartographie sonore et peut être même redessiner un visage sonore de l’expérience
Mapping potential environmental impacts of alien species in the face of climate change
No full textInternational audienceRisk maps are a useful tool to prioritise sites for management and allocate resources where they are most needed as they can show us where impacts of biological invasions are most likely to happen or expected to be largest. Given the pace of global changes, we need to understand not only the risks under current conditions, but future risks taking these changes into account. In this study, we use Australian acacias alien to South Africa as a case study to model their potential distribution under future climate change to map their potential impacts at the middle and end of the century and the uncertainty related to three socio-economic pathways and five climatic models. The resulting risk maps across South Africa are a pioneering attempt to combine impacts of alien species with potential future distributions. We found that although climatic suitability and therefore the risk is predicted to decrease under climate change in 51,4% of the country’s area, the opposite is predicted for 26% of the area and the highly vulnerable fynbos biome remains an area with high projected impacts. Such risk maps can help us prioritise management actions and aid the development of suitable plans to protect biodiversity under current and future climate conditions. However, they have to be interpreted with caution and we highlight some shortcomings around species distribution models in general, vulnerability of ecosystems to the potential impacts, data gaps on impacts, as well as currently benign or unknown invaders, which are not included in the projections
Microstructure and magnetic properties of the Cu-rich Nd(Fe,Mo) strip cast flakes
No full textInternational audienceNd(Fe,Mo)12 compounds have been considered as promising candidates for next generation permanent magnet materials, thanks to their excellent intrinsic hard magnetic properties, comparable to those of the well-known NdFeB magnets, allowing a minimum usage of rare earth elements (RE). However, achieving high coercivity in an anisotropic microstructure has proven to be a significant challenge, which hinders their practical applications. In this work we present microstructural studies of the strip-cast Nd(Fe,Mo)12-based alloy. Detailed microstructural characterization using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals sub-micron sized 1-12 magnetic grains, indicating that the addition of Cu leads to grain boundaries segregated into RE and Cu. Micromagnetic simulations based on the observed microstructure emphasize the role of grain boundaries and of crystalline defects on the development of coercivity. This work provides evidence about relevant aspects of the microstructure of these compounds that is correlated to the coercivity development
Rectangular recurrence relations in and invariant integrable models
No full textInternational audienceA new method is introduced to derive general recurrence relations for off-shell Bethe vectors in quantum integrable models with either type or type symmetries. These recurrence relations describe how to add a single parameter, , to specific subsets of Bethe parameters, expressing the resulting Bethe vector as a linear combination of monodromy matrix entries that act on Bethe vectors which do not depend on . We refer to these recurrence relations as \textit{rectangular} because the monodromy matrix entries involved are drawn from the upper-right rectangular part of the matrix. This construction is achieved within the framework of the zero mode method
“Black-and-White” thinking: Does visual contrast polarize moral judgment? Independent replications and extension of Study 1
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Da Omero all'Aretino: il Primo libro dell'Iliade di Francesco Gussano
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How learning material shapes learning strategies in an alphabet arithmetic task
No full textInternational audienceTwo theories stand in contrast regarding the cognitive processes involved in adults solving basic additions. Associationist theories argue for memory retrieval while procedural theories advocate for automatised counting. This study investigated whether the learning material influences strategies, using an alphabet-arithmetic task. One condition relied on contiguous augends (EFGH …) and +2 to +5 addends, while the other condition used non-contiguous augends (ACEG …). Results showed that, over the sessions, mean solution times became shorter in the Non-Contiguous condition than in the Contiguous condition, suggesting more memorisation in the former. This interpretation was supported by participants reporting more memorisation in the Non-Contiguous condition. This indicates that learning from a non-contiguous sequence promotes memory-based processes, while learning from a contiguous sequence favours counting procedures. The explanation could be that the Contiguous condition benefits more from the embedded counting principle, meaning that counting includes intermediate calculations that are directly useful for solving subsequent problems
Geochronological, isotopic and petrogenetic investigations of Cenozoic Volcanic rocks in the Talysh Massif, NW Iran: Insights for the Eocene magmatic flare-up
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Landscapes—a lens for assessing sustainability
No full textInternational audienceThere are urgent calls to transition society to more sustainable trajectories, at scales ranging from local to global. Landscape sustainability (LS), or the capacity for landscapes to provide equitable access to ecosystem services essential for human wellbeing for both current and future generations, provides an operational approach to monitor these transitions. However, the complexity of landscapes complicates how and what to consider when assessing LS.Objectives: To identify important features of landscapes that remain challenging to consider in LS assessments and provide guidance to strengthen future assessments.Methods: We conducted two workshops to identify the complex features of landscapes that remain under-considered in LS assessments, and developed guidelines on how to better incorporate these features.Results: We identify open and connected boundaries and diversity of values as landscape features that must be better considered in LS assessments or risk exacerbating offstage sustainability burdens and power inequalities. We provide guidelines to avoid these pitfalls which emphasize assessing ecosystem service interactions across interconnected landscapes and incorporating local actors’ diverse values.Conclusions: Our guidelines provide a stepping stone for researchers and practitioners to better incorporate landscape complexities into LS assessments to inform landscape-level decisions and actions
Worldwide Soundscapes: a synthesis of passive acoustic monitoring across realms
No full textAbstract The urgency for remote, reliable, and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on climate and ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), but there has been no comprehensive overview of its coverage across realms. We present metadata from 358 datasets recorded since 1991 in and above land and water constituting the first global synthesis of sampling coverage across spatial, temporal, and ecological scales. We compiled summary statistics (sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa, and recording parameters) and used eleven case studies to assess trends in biological, anthropogenic, and geophysical sounds. Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (42 sites/M·km 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.2 and 1.3 sites/M·km 2 in oceans and freshwater) with only one subterranean dataset. Although diel and lunar cycles are well-covered in all realms, only marine datasets (65%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across realms, biological sounds show contrasting diel activity, while declining with distance from the equator and anthropogenic activity. PAM can thus inform phenology, macroecology, and conservation studies, but representation can be improved by widening terrestrial taxonomic breadth, expanding coverage in the high seas, and increasing spatio-temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, PAM shows considerable promise to support global biodiversity monitoring efforts