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Preclinical Evaluation of a 64Cu-Based Theranostic Approach in a Murine Model of Multiple Myeloma
No full textInternational audienceAlthough the concept of theranostics is neither new nor exclusive to nuclear medicine, it is a particularly promising approach for the future of nuclear oncology. This approach is based on the use of molecules targeting specific biomarkers in the tumour or its microenvironment, associated with optimal radionuclides which, depending on their emission properties, allow the combination of diagnosis by molecular imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Copper-64 has suitable decay properties (both β+ and β- decays) for PET imaging and potentially for TRT, making it both an imaging and therapy agent. We developed and evaluated a theranostic approach using a copper-64 radiolabelled anti-CD138 antibody, [64Cu]Cu-TE1PA-9E7.4 in a MOPC315.BM mouse model of multiple myeloma. PET imaging using [64Cu]Cu-TE1PA-9E7.4 allows for high-resolution PET images. Dosimetric estimation from ex vivo biodistribution data revealed acceptable delivered doses to healthy organs and tissues, and a very encouraging tumour absorbed dose for TRT applications. Therapeutic efficacy resulting in delayed tumour growth and increased survival without inducing major or irreversible toxicity has been observed with 2 doses of 35 MBq administered at a 2-week interval. Repeated injections of [64Cu]Cu-TE1PA-9E7.4 are safe and can be effective for TRT application in this syngeneic preclinical model of MM
Incorporation of chlorine in nuclear waste glasses using high-pressure vitrification: Solubility, speciation, and local environment of chlorine
No full textInternational audienceThe solubility, speciation, and local atomic environment of chlorine have been determined for aluminoborosilicate glasses equilibrated with various sources of chlorine (NaCl and PdCl2) at high pressure (0.5-1.5 GPa) and high temperature (1350-1400 ?). The Cl solubility reaches up to 11 mol% in borosilicate glass and appears to be strongly influenced by the concentration of network-modifying cations (Ca and Na) and increases with increasing CaO + Na2O content. The Cl solubility is enhanced in Ca-bearing rather than Na-bearing borosilicate glass, suggesting a higher affinity of chlorine for alkaline-earth cations. Cl K-edge XANES and Cl 2p XPS spectra reveal that chlorine dissolves in glasses only as chloride species (Cl-) and no evidence of oxidized species is observed. Using PdCl2 as a chlorine source leads to a pre-edge signal for PdCl2 in the XANES spectra. The EXAFS simulations show that the Cl- local environment is charge compensated by Na+ or Ca2+ at a distance to first neighbor on the order of 2.7 angstrom, which is comparable to the observed distances in crystalline chloride compounds. The coordination to charge compensating cation is lower in the case of Ca2+ (similar to 1.1) than Na+ (similar to 4.3)
Measurements of Tb Production Cross Section for Nuclear Data and Nuclear Medicine
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Dielectron production at midrapidity at low transverse momentum in peripheral and semi-peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
No full textInternational audienceThe first measurement of the ee pair production at low lepton pair transverse momentum (p) and low invariant mass (m) in non-central Pb–Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV at the LHC is presented. The dielectron production is studied with the ALICE detector at midrapidity (|η| < 0.8) as a function of invariant mass (0.4 ≤ m< 2.7 GeV/c) in the 50–70% and 70–90% centrality classes for p< 0.1 GeV/c, and as a function of p in three m intervals in the most peripheral Pb–Pb collisions. Below a p of 0.1 GeV/c, a clear excess of ee pairs is found compared to the expectations from known hadronic sources and predictions of thermal radiation from the medium. The m excess spectra are reproduced, within uncertainties, by different predictions of the photon–photon production of dielectrons, where the photons originate from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly Lorentz-contracted Pb nuclei. Lowest-order quantum electrodynamic (QED) calculations, as well as a model that takes into account the impact-parameter dependence of the average transverse momentum of the photons, also provide a good description of the p spectra. The measured of the excess p spectrum in peripheral Pb–Pb collisions is found to be comparable to the values observed previously at RHIC in a similar phase-space region.[graphic not available: see fulltext
Challenges in low losses and large acceptance ion beam transport
No full textA prototype of ion beam transport module has been developed at the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) and used as a test bed to investigate key issues related to the efficient transport of ion beams. This includes the reduction of the beam losses, the increase of the acceptance, and the definition of the instrumentation necessary to evaluate the performances. An experiment was performed on a full-scale beam line and following a standard beam analysis, steering, and focusing procedure. After a review of the developments carried out for some demanding facilities and for the design of the quadrupoles implemented in the transport module, the paper highlights the challenge of measuring the preservation of transverse phase-space distributions with large acceptance conditions, i.e. with the highest ratio of beam filling to quadrupole aperture. Then, the tolerance to the errors and mitigation of the risks are discussed, in particular by considering the electric stability of the transport module, beam trips, behavior of the tail and the halo, and misalignment errors
resonance production in Pb–Pb collisions at TeV
No full textInternational audienceHadronic resonances are used to probe the hadron gas produced in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions since they decay on the same timescale, of the order of 1–10 fm/c, as the decoupling time of the system. In the hadron gas, (pseudo)elastic scatterings among the products of resonances that decayed before the kinetic freeze-out and regeneration processes counteract each other, the net effect depending on the resonance lifetime, the duration of the hadronic phase, and the hadronic cross sections at play. In this context, the particle is of particular interest as models predict that regeneration dominates over rescattering despite its relatively short lifetime of about 5.5 fm/c. The first measurement of the resonance production at midrapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at TeV with the ALICE detector is presented in this Letter. The resonances are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channel, , as a function of the transverse momentum () and the collision centrality. The results are discussed in comparison with the measured yield of pions and with expectations from the statistical hadronization model as well as commonly employed event generators, including PYTHIA8/Angantyr and EPOS3 coupled to the UrQMD hadronic cascade afterburner. None of the models can describe the data. For , a similar behaviour as is observed in data unlike the predictions of EPOS3 with afterburner
Environnement dosimétrique et premiers résultats des études sur les mécanismes physico-chimiques et biologiques de l'hadronthérapie FLASH au cyclotron ARRONAX
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Service Task Status: creation and monitoring of the MUON reject list
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production in inelastic pp collisions at TeV
No full textInternational audienceThe measurement of the production of f0(980) in inelastic pp collisions at s=5.02 TeV is presented. This is the first reported measurement of inclusive f0(980) yield at LHC energies. The production is measured at midrapidity, |y|<0.5, in a wide transverse momentum range, 0<pT<16 GeV/c, by reconstructing the resonance in the f0(980)→π+π− hadronic decay channel using the ALICE detector. The pT-differential yields are compared to those of pions, protons and ϕ mesons as well as to predictions from the HERWIG 7.2 QCD-inspired Monte Carlo event generator and calculations from a coalescence model that uses the AMPT model as an input. The ratio of the pT-integrated yield of f0(980) relative to pions is compared to measurements in e+e− and pp collisions at lower energies and predictions from statistical hadronisation models and HERWIG 7.2. A mild collision energy dependence of the f0(980) to pion production is observed in pp collisions from SPS to LHC energies. All considered models underpredict the pT-integrated 2f0(980)/(π+ +π−) ratio. The prediction from the canonical statistical hadronisation model assuming a zero total strangeness content of f0(980) is consistent with the data within 1.9σ and is the closest to the data. The results provide an essential reference for future measurements of the particle yield and nuclear modification in p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions, which have been proposed to be instrumental to probe the elusive nature and quark composition of the f0(980) scalar meson
Introduction to color in QCD: Initiation to the birdtrack pictorial technique
No full textInternational audienceThese lectures are an elementary introduction to the "birdtrack" color pictorial technique, a useful tool in QCD. We review the basic rules, discuss color conservation and infinitesimal color rotations, learn how to project on partonic color states, how to derive their Casimir charges... and at the same time learn a little bit of representation theory