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TIV HEROIC AND SATIRICAL POETRY
No full textThe African environment generally, is replete with numerous occasions that call for poetic rendition. Poetry is therefore a way of life of the African, since virtually every of his activity is associated with one form of poetic expression or the other . Also, in most African communities traveling bards sing songs and recite poetry sometimes to the accompaniment of music. The Tiv too have a rich culture of songs, dance and music. Oral performances are therefore a common practice in Tiv land. In traditional Tiv society, values and belief systems are transmitted from generation to generation through verbal communication. The Tiv have several kinds of oral poetry that are performed in their communities to serve different purposes. This study examines the Tiv heroic and satirical poetry. The heroic poetry explores the questions of ascribed and acquired higher status. It eulogizes personalities whose achievements are unique or of an extra-ordinary nature. Satirical poetry (iisongo) on the other hand comprises derisive songs that criticize societal ills, as .well as general negative behaviour in the society. It ridicules perpetrators of such acts publicly so as to serve as a deterrent to others. The songs under study were collected from the Held on audio-cassettes, transcribed and then translated before the literary analysis was done. The aim of this research is to collect and preserve available Tiv heroic and satirical songs for future use. It also draws attention to the functional and aesthetic value of the songs being studied in order to stimulate other scholars for further studies in this area. This work has further demonstrated the Tiv world view. It has highlighted the efforts towards sustaining a disciplined and upright society, ensuring peace, stability and development through poetry. Tiv oral poetry is therefore being used as a mechanism for the regulation of human behaviour in their communities. Genuine success is acknowledged, commended and encouraged, while vices are condemned. This effort is aimed at re-enacting ideals for a healthy social-cultural environment.TIV HEROI
POETRY AS DISCOURSE: A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF TIV ORAL POETRY
No full textThe expressive culture of Tiv people has received little or extremely sparse scholarly attention in the areas of literature publications-, musical recordings, video tapes. Him production ol dance and other lea lures of traditional performing arts, despite a rich cultural heritage.
Thus, this study unearths the largely unexplored wealth of the Tiv poetic tradition which is the repository of themes drawn from Tiv customs, cosmology, beliefs and practices.
The research, through the analytic procedures of the semiotic theory, probed into the recesses of Tiv oral poetry studied its structure, analysed its texture, measured its real and symbolic dimensions and ultimately judged its social significance as an aesthetic cultural artifact and as a semiotic mode of indigenous communication system (ICS).
Tiv oral poetry constitutes a pragmatic discourse which could be spoken, chanted or sung. In other words, Tiv oral poetry is rather a fluid conception referring to the social and cultural modes of language in use through which the philosophical the mate in! and cultural reality are aesthetically structured and expressed. Modes of manifestation include folksongs, proverbs, ritual incantations, chants, music and dance often phrased in cultural idioms, metaphors and other forms representing traditional logic and wisdom can thus he aptly described as the performed literature of the Tiv people. The art performances are Essentially communal, imbued with tinges of collective consciousness as the poetry redounds with issues and events of collective and communal significance.
The poetic tradition thus provides a broad and enduring medium for handing down to posterity., the semiotic modes of traditional philosophy, beliefs and practices in Tiv cosmology.
A semiotic interpretation of poetry as discourse provides a pragmatic paradigm for the fusion of language as “art” and language as a means of “communication”. In this regard, Tiv oral poetry is placed within the perspectives of literary pragmatic theory, providing a semiotic interpretation of the social and cultural contexts of its m; infestation as part of the complex ambience of cultural communication.
The research discovered through the study of Tiv oral poetry that there is a harmonious link between the sacred and the profane, the divine and the mundane, the supernatural and the material in Tiv cosmology. This uniqueness of the I iv world must be constantly kept in view in order to understand the bases for i iv psychology and mind. Indeed, the peculiarities of Tiv religion, their judicial principles and justice, their egalitarian social structure, their courageous dispositions and independence of mind are all superb aesthetic qualities of their oral poetry.A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF TIV ORAL POETR
A HISTORY OF THE NIGERIA SECURITY AND CIVIL DEFENCE CORPS (NSCDC), 2003-2014
No full textThis work traced the origin and establishment of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps. The Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps also known as NSCDC, a security body saddled with the responsibility of protecting lives and property of Nigerians and foreigners within the country. The researcher discovered that the organization has a unique origin hence the research. The Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps began as a voluntary organization before it metamorphosed into a full-fledged security outfit in 2003. Therefore, the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps origin has two historical epochs: the voluntary era and the era of full government recognition as a statutorily Security body. However, the major aim of this research is the documentation of the NSCDC activities between 2003 when the organizational Act known as the NSCDC ACT of 2003 was passed by National Assembly into law. The work as well discussed the achievements and challenges of the NSCDC between 2003 and 2015. In achieving this, the work employed the use of conventional historical research methodology through the use of oral information and secondary materials. The major challenge of the research is the limited research materials with direct bearing on our area of interest. To overcome this, the researcher used the inter-disciplinary approach of research while other information were gotten through primary source for the establishment of historical facts. Some of the challenges of the NSCDC identified includes: lack of adequate funding, manpower, poor training facilities, corruption among others. It is the findings of the research that the NSCDC has performed well in the areas of intelligence gathering, security coverage, disaster management, regulation of Private Guard Companies going by the age of the its establishment. The research concluded by saying that we need peace and stability to positively induce economic growth and development as well as safety of lives and property.HISTORY OF THE NIGERIA SECURITY AND CIVIL DEFENCE CORPS (NSCDC
ASSESSMENT OF FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN POULTRY FARMING IN MAKURDI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENUE STATE NIGERIA
No full textThe study assessed female participation in poultry farming in Makurdi Local Government Area, Benue State. The objective of the study were to investigate the socio-economic characteristics of women in poultry farming, to determine the level of women involvement in decision making in poultry farming, to ascertain the rate of women’s accessibility to poultry farm resources/inputs to assess the level of income of women involved in poultry farming and the challenges faced by women in poultry farming in Makurdi Local Government Area Benue State. The study administered 385 questionnaires to the respondents stratified across poultry and non-poultry farmers. The respondents were selected through accidental sampling technique. The data were analyzed using frequency and , percentages. The study showed that poultry farming afforded women the opportunity to enhance livelihoods through the generation of income from sale of birds or supply of meat. The finding also reveals that although women in the study area make profit from the sale of birds, they also face the challenges of inadequate finance as well as lack of extension services. The study recommended that funds and credit facilities should be made available and easily accessible to the women to increase and enhance their level of participation in poultry production.ASSESSMENT OF FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN POULTRY FARMIN
EFFECT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigated the effect of audit committee on earnings management of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Earnings management surrogated by discretionary accruals was the dependent variable while audit committee surrogated by audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee financial expertise and audit committee meetings were the independent variables. Data used for this study were collected from the audited annual published accounts of listed industrial goods firms from the period 2012-2017. Generalized Least Square multiple regression analysis based on the fixed random effect model was used for this study. The results of the study revealed that size of the audit committee, audit committee independence, audit committee financial expertise and audit committee meetings does not have a significant effect on earnings management. In view of the increasing complexity and large nature of business organizations, the study recommends amongst others the need for regulatory agency like the financial reporting council (FRC) to work out modalities that could ensure the independence of the audit committee and improve the quality but not number of persons that constitute the size of audit committee so as to improve audit committee effectiveness in constraining earnings management among listed firms in Nigeria.EFFECT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE ON EARNING MANAGEMEN
IMPACT OF TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUNT (TSA) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
No full textTreasury single account (TSA) is a Nigerian financial reform introduced in 2015 to enable consolidation and optional utilization of government cash resources.As interesting as this may sound, it has its implications on the Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s). This research specifically examines the impact of TSA on the performance of DMB’s in Nigeria. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether there is a significant difference in the profitability level, liquidity level, loans and advance, deposit mobilization of DMB’sbefore and after TSA adoptionin Nigeria, Investigate whether there is a significant difference in the change in liquidity level between international DMB’sand national DMB’s,significant difference in the change in deposit mobilization between DMB’s with political connections and DMB’s without political connection after the adoption of TSA in Nigeria. The study adopts the descriptive and comparative research approach. Data required for the study were collected from quarterly reports of 14 DMB’s in Nigeria via filtered method. Normality test was conducted and further analysed via descriptive statistics and paired sample t- tests techniques. The result shows a no significance difference in the profitability level but a difference in the liquidity level, loans and advance, deposit mobilization, change in liquidity level between international and national DMB’s, also difference in the change in deposit mobilization between politically connected DMB’s and non-politically connected DMB’safter the adoption of TSA in Nigeria. The researchers concludes that TSAhas impacted DMB’s performance thus recommends that banks should redefine the nature of competition, diversify economically and refocus on the original purposes for which they were set up- to source fund (not necessarily government funds), engage in intermediation to create wealth and jobs for the economy and in a process earn profit for themselves.IMPACT OF TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUN
ASSESSMENT OF HARMATTAN DUST HAZE OVER NORTHERN NIGERIA
No full textThe study assessed dust haze over northern Nigeria. Data on dust haze, rainfall and wind speed were acquired at Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Oshodi, Lagos, for thirty years (1988-2017). The data were collected from sixteen synoptic stations, namely Abuja, Bauchi Bida, Gusau, Jos, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Maiduguri, Minna, Nguru, Potiskum, Sokoto, Yelwa, Yola and Zaria. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation (CV). The least square regression model was employed to determine the trend in the temporal variation of dust haze in the study area. Graphs, isocline and choropleph maps were used to analyze spatial variation in Thick Dust Haze (TDH). The result of the average monthly concentration of dust haze indicate that the highest average monthly parts per million (ppm) usually occurred in the month of December and this then followed by the month of January, while the lowest concentration occurred in the months of August and July. The result also revealed that there is an increasing trend only Gusau, Potiskum, Maiduguri, Zaria, Kaduna, Abuja, Yola and Bida. However, only the trend of Abuja and Yola were significant. Significant decreasing trend of dust haze phenomenon was observed at Sokoto, Nguru, Kano, Katsina, Yelwa, Bauchi, Jos and Minna. However, these coefficient were not significant at 0.05 confidence level using students‘t’ test statistic. The trend in annual variation indicate downward trend during the study period. The result further showed that the spatial variation in dust haze decrease southward from a more drier north to the more wetter southern part of northern Nigeria. This is attributed to the proximity to Sahara desert, wind direction and topography.ASSESSMENT OF HARMATTAN DUS
CONCEPTUALIZATION, CONTEXTUAL CONSTRAINTS AND PRACTICES OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN SELECTED BANKS IN NIGERIA
No full textThis study focused on the conceptualization, contextual constraints and practices of Public Relations in selected banks in Nigeria. Banks in Nigeria have witnessed several reforms and policies in the quest to reposition the banking sector. As a result most of the banks that could not meet up folded up while others merged. This has made the banks to contend with image and credibility problem over the years. Thus, this study examined the place of Public relations in bringing efficiency and productivity to the banking sector in Nigeria. The study selected First Bank to represent the old generational banks and Zenith Bank to represent the new generational banks. Four Public relations models were further used to anchor the study - Public Relations Transfer Process Model (PRTPM), Excellence theory, Two-way Symmetric Model and RACE Model. The survey research method was adopted as the research design and questionnaire and oral interview were used as instruments for data gathering. The population comprised all First Bank and Zenith Bank staff as well as their various customers across the six geo-political zones in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory. A sample size of 663 respondents was statistically determined for the study using Taro Yamane’s formula for finite population. The questionnaire data were further analyzed using descriptive statistics and oral interview through inferential analysis. The study found that public relations is used by First Bank and Zenith Bank to attain productivity and efficiency in the bank management. Findings further showed that public relations helps in gaining public interest that enhances patronage and thereby increasing the degree of confidence and certainty. The study also found several challenges that impede the use of public relations in bank growth. The study also established possible ways through which public relations could be improved upon in attaining greater efficiency in the banking sector in Nigeria. The study concluded that, Public relations is an effective instrument for gaining public interest and increase the degree of confidence and certainty, as such, it is an effective means of attaining efficiency in the banking sector if properly and optimally harnessed and utilized. The study recommended, amongst others, that the banks' management should at all times use public relations tools to achieve optimal growth in the organization; that bank management should accord greater recognition of public relations as an important management function positioned at the fore-front of the organization, and that the banks must maximally harness the potentials of Public relations to secure and consistently maintain a good image.PRACTICES OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN SELECTED BANKS IN NIGERI
FAMILY BACKGROUND AND STUDENTS'ATTITUDE TOWARDS DRUG ABUSE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThe study investigated the Influence of Family Background on Students’ Attitude towards Drug Abuse in Tertiary Institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research involving undergraduates selected through multi-stage proportionate technique was utilized for the study. Eight research questions were generated to guide the study as well as eight hypotheses formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. A sample size of 397 respondents was drawn from a population of 51,486, using proportional sampling technique. A self-developed instrument titled Students’ Attitude Towards Drug Abuse Questionnaire (SATDAQ) was used to collect data from the respondents. Data were analyzed using mean score and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Independent t-test was used to test hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that family size, family type, parental marital relationship, parental religious affiliation, parental residential mode, parental income and parental level of education had significant influence on students’ attitude towards drug abuse in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. However parental discipline had no significant influence on students’ attitude towards drug abuse in tertiary institutions in Cross River State of Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that counsellors should create awareness among parents to reduce family size in order to ensure close monitoring of students. Counsellors should create awareness among parents to ensure that they provide warmth, discipline and care to ensure stability and good moral upbringing of students. Counsellors should ensure that in case of marital conflict, rapport should be created for adjustment in order to ensure the necessary climate for students to behave better. The study will be of benefit to the society through journals and other forms of publications.STUDENTS ATTITUDES TOWARDS DRUG ABUSE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIO
EVALUATION OF POSTHARVEST PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERIORATION OF TRANSGENIC HIGH DETA-CAROTENE CASSAVA
No full textThe oxidative postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of cassava roots is a major constraint that hinders large scale utilization of white fleshed cassava. PPD sets in within 48 hours of harvest in most indigenous white fleshed cassava varieties. Recently, yellow fleshed high beta-carotene cassava varieties have been developed through conventional and genetic engineering methods to combat PPD. In this study, characterization of transgenic high beta-carotene cassava varieties (EC20-7 and EC20-8) were compared with two conventionally bred high beta-carotene cassava varieties (UMUCASS 38 and UMUCASS 45) and an indigenous white fleshed cassava varieties' (TME-7). The five cassava varieties were planted in environmentally controlled greenhouse at DDPSC, USA and harvested after three months. They were profiled and quantified for targeted metabolites-carotenoids, carbohydrates, isoprenoids, total phenolics, scopoletin, and cyanide content. They were also evaluated for delay in PPD using standard analytical techniques. An untargeted metabolomics approach was also carried out with the varieties using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry with the aim of identifying metabolites that can be found in the transgenic high beta-carotene cassava varieties. Results showed that among the detected carotenoids in the yellow fleshed cassava roots (a-carotene, P-carotene and lutein) only the two transgenic varieties that had delayed PPD of 120 hours had a-carotene in their roots. However, the P-carotene content of the fresh yellow cassava roots (50.93 - 80.45pg/g) was not significantly (P>0.05) different between the transgenic^ and conventional varieties. On dry matter basis a significant (P100 folds in the transgenic varieties relative to TME-7 variety were digalactosyl diglyceride and isochestanin.EVALUATONI OF POSTHARVEST PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERIORATIO