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"L'utilisation de nouveaux outils juridiques de gestion des risques professionnels"
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Hemodynamic and fluid flow analysis of a cerebral aneurysm: a CFD simulation
No full textInternational audienceAbstract In this study, we investigate the hemodynamics parameters and their impact on the aneurysm rupture. The simulations are performed on an ideal (benchmark) and realistic model for the intracranial aneurysm that appears at the anterior communicating artery. The realistic geometry was reconstructed from patient-specific cerebral arteries. The computational fluid dynamics simulations are utilized to investigate the hemodynamic parameters such as flow recirculation, wall shear stress, and wall pressure. The boundary conditions are measured from the patient using ultrasonography. The solution of the governing equations is obtained by using the ANSYS-FLUENT 19.2 package. The CFD results indicate that the flow recirculation appears in the aneurysms zone. The effect of the flow recirculation on the bulge hemodynamics wall parameters is discussed to identify the rupture zone
Australian Youth Resilience and Help-Seeking during COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textInternational audienceThe COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted youth mental health. Their resilience, defined as the ability to respond to adversity, has also been impaired. Help-seeking refers to the activity of addressing oneself to others when facing trouble. The objective of this study was to understand the levels of youth resilience and help-seeking during COVID-19 in 2021. Data were collected online from 181 Australian adolescents aged 12-17 years. The General Help-Seeking Questionnaire, the Actual Help-Seeking Questionnaire, and the Resilience Scale were used. Mean and frequency analysis and independent samples t-tests were performed. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. Resilience was in the low range (mean = 66.56, SD 15.74) and associated with no help-seeking. For a personal problem and suicidal ideation, participants were most likely to contact a mental health professional, with means of 4.97 (SD 1.75) and 4.88 (SD 1.97), respectively. The majority did not seek help (n = 47) for challenges with anxiety or depression. This study corroborates previous findings on limited help-seeking in youth because of self-reliance and low confidence in others. Resilience decreased during COVID-19 in parallel with help-seeking. Strategies aiming to increase resilience and help-seeking, such as school-based programs, are needed given their decrease in Australian youths due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Cartino1D
No full textCe dépôt contient l’ensemble des scripts R pour faire tourner Cartino1D.Cartino1D est un logiciel permettant la construction et l’application semi-automatisée d’une modélisation hydraulique 1D à partir d’un MNT à haute résolution.Cartino1D a d’abord été développé à partir de 2011 au Cerema (https://www.cerema.fr/fr/actualites/outils-phase-cartographie-directive-inondation-cartino-pc ) sous environnement Matlab/Grass pour répondre en particulier à la première phase de la Directive Inondation (2013).Dans le cadre de l'ANR PICS, la méthode a été basculée sous environnement R par l'Université Gustave Eiffel et le Cerema (https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-17-CE03-0011, https://pics.ifsttar.fr/ ).L'originalité vient de l’automatisation de la construction/paramétrisation et du lancement de modèles hydrauliques 1D de type Mascaret ou HEC-RAS, qui est un travail généralement réalisé « manuellement » sur ces logiciels et consommateurs de temps.La configuration matérielle nécessaire est un PC windows 10 – 8 à 16 Go RAM.Il existe des dépendances par rapport à des librairies R et les codes hydrauliques Mascaret (http://www.opentelemac.org/ ) et/ou HEC-RAS (https://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-ras/ ).La phase de développement initiale étant terminée, le dépôt ne fait plus l’objet d’un suivi de modifications et les auteurs ne s’engagent pas à la prise en compte de demandes externes.Dernière mise à jour : 31/03/202
Physic-based vs data-based digital twins for bush bearing wear diagnostic
No full textInternational audienceIndustry is increasingly turning to predictive maintenance by using digital twins (DTs) to follow and predict evolution of mechanical system. This article presents, compares and discusses two DTs to diagnose wear of bush bearings under dynamic loads. The first DT is driven by a model based on data analysis using statistical process control (SPC). The second DT is based on physical laws: Boussinesq's and Archard's equations. Both DTs are fed by data recorded on a test bench instrumented with sensors of temperature, acceleration and displacement. Rules for fault detection were identified, explained and applied to the two DTs implemented. The two implemented DTs detected abnormal wear behaviours. The data-based DT using the SPC is easier to implement and it detects change in wear behaviour earlier. In contrast, the physic-based DT has the advantage of being predictive, so it can be used when only the operating conditions of the system are known. This work is a contribution for new wear diagnostic tools. Keywords Wear Bush bearing Digital twin Diagnostic tool Highlights • Implementation of a digital twin to monitor wear of a bush bearing system. • Wear monitored through statistical process control and specific numerical model. • Comparison of digital twin architecture. • Design and use of a test bench instrumented with sensors
Effect of Organic Source of Nutrients on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties, Growth and Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
No full textInternational audienceOrganic source of nutrient has effect on soil physico-chemical properties, growth and yield of cabbage. To determine the effect of organic source of nutrients on soil physio-chemical properties, growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Field experiment was conducted on acidic sandy loam soil of Horticulture farm at Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, from 5th December 2020 to 26th March 2021.The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Special NPK granules, Carbon based, Vermicompost, Obifert, Neem seed cake, Poultry manure, Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Mustard oil seed cake and Goat manure were used as treatments along with control. Application of poultry manure significantly increased plant height (22.33 cm) with least number of unfolded leaves (7.33), highest head diameter (106.40 cm) and head yield (45.51 t/ha) of cabbage. Bulk density was not statistically significantly influenced by the application of organic source of nutrients. Significantly higher available Phosphorous content in soil was found with the application of mustard oil seed cake (118.58 kg/ha) and available Potassium content was higher with the application of Goat manure (206.69 kg/ha). Nitrogen content of cabbage head (3.25%) and cabbage root (1.43%) was significantly higher with the application of Poultry manure. Mustard oil seed cake obtained highest Nitrogen harvest index (94.46%) and Nitrogen recovery percentage (66.47%). The yield efficiency (228.13kg head/kg N) was highest with the application of poultry manure. To attain highest yield of cabbage with higher Nutrient use efficiency and enhanced physico-chemical properties of soil, application of Poultry manure might be optimum for acidic sandy loam soil of Chitwan
Les élections en régime semi-présidentiel. Enseignements pour la France
No full textInternational audienceThe study of the behaviour of electors in semi-presidential regimes allows us not only to measure the balance of forces between the President and Parliament, but also to understand why power shifts towards one or the other. Based on electoral data, the article shows that the risk of a shift toward authoritarianism is much stronger when the President occupies a prominent place, as is the case in France. It also shows that a more proportional voting system and a slight modification of the electoral calendar would allow the French Parliament to occupy a central place in the political life of the country
La confidentialité : une notion juridique au service de la protection des données de santé ?
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Le débardage par câble en plaine, un renouveau
No full textNational audienceEn dépit de difficultés réelles, le débardage par câble en plaine est une alternative à développer, mais c'est aussi un vrai défi. Et c'est aux donneurs d'ordre, publics ou privés, de donner l'impulsion pour faire en sorte que cette option puisse être utilisée à bon escient dans les situations qui le justifient
