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Mixed Biopolymer Systems Based on Bovine and Caprine Caseins, Yeast β-Glucan, and Maltodextrin for Microencapsulating Lutein Dispersed in Emulsified Lipid Carriers
No full textLutein is an important antioxidant that quenches free radicals. The stability of lutein and hence compatibility for food fortification is a big challenge to the food industry. Encapsulation can be designed to protect lutein from the adverse environment (air, heat, light, pH). In this study, we determined the impact of mixed biopolymer systems based on bovine and caprine caseins, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin as wall systems for microencapsulating lutein dispersed in emulsified lipid carriers by spray drying. The performance of these wall systems at oil/water interfaces is a key factor affecting the encapsulation of lutein. The highest encapsulation efficiency (97.7%) was achieved from the lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin. Casein type and storage time affected the stability of lutein. The stability of lutein was the highest (64.57%) in lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin, whereas lutein microcapsules prepared with the biopolymer system of bovine casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin had the lowest (56.01%). The stability of lutein in the lutein microcapsules dramatically decreased during storage time. The antioxidant activity of lutein in the lutein microcapsules was closely associated with the lutein concentration
(R1510) A Special Case of Rodriguez-Lallena and Ubeda-Flores Copula Based on Ruschendorf Method
Get PDFMeasure of dependence is a particular way of looking at the association between random variables, and one way to capture stochastic dependence is through the use of copula. In this study, a Rushendorf Method was applied to a bivariate function to obtain a copula through the use of a special case of Rodriguez-Lallena and Ubeda-Flores (RLUF) copula. Properties of the RLUF copula such as the density, measures of dependence, and lower and upper tail dependence were studied. In particular, measures of dependence such as Spearman’s rho, Kendall’s tau and Blomqvist’s beta of RLUF copula are given. Moreover, the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE), Sum-Square Error (SSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were used in deriving the best joint distribution between monthly precipitation and temperature in the Philippines from 1974 to 2013. The results showed that considering the monthly precipitation and temperature datas, RLUF copula outperformed the other existing bivariate copulas such as Ali-Mikhail-Haq (AHM), Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM), and Clayton copulas
YOMBE Culture of Arts from savannahs of western Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo - ( Oathtaker Male Figure)
No full textThis is a power figure made by a Kongo artist. These figures are meant to serve communities, helping to fight evil forces, and offer protection.
The Yombe create animal masks for ceremonial traditions related to their agricultural and herding pursuits. Perhaps best known for their power figures, which hold ritual medicines and are embellished with mirror and nails, the Yombe also forge iron, carve wooden masks, and weave raffia.https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1026/thumbnail.jp
SONGHAY Culture of Arts from eastern Mali, western Niger, and northern Benin - ( Standing Female Figure)
No full textThe female standing figures assume the same pose as the male, with hands-on either side of the belly, and both serve the same function: to provide protection, healing, or therapy for their owner.https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1039/thumbnail.jp
IBIBIO Culture Of Arts from the geo-political zone or Niger Delta region of Nigeria -(Female Head)
No full textThis ibibio female wood figure represents female figures, ranging from naturalistic to highly stylized. This history is visible through the various forms of headdresses worn in Ogbom dances among the Igbo, Ibeku, Olokoro, Oboro, Ngwa, Ozu-Item, and Ibibio peoples. Each of these dances presents its own specificities.https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1051/thumbnail.jp
ANGOLA Culture of Arts which includes the Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo, Chokwe, Avambo and the peoples and country of the Democratic Republic of the Congo) - (Dance Mask)
No full textThe dance mask of a type known as Mwana Pwo, is regarded as an idealized depiction of a beautiful young girl, Angola / Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Africa. Chokwe. 19th/20th century (sculpture).https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1073/thumbnail.jp
(SI10-003) Some New Fixed Point Theorem via Shifting Distance Functions
Get PDFIn this paper, we present a new fixed point theorem involving non-compactness measures and shifting distance functions. This paper provides a generalization of the famous fixed point theorem of Banach. A fixed point theory is a gorgeous blend of mathematical analysis that explains the conditions under which maps provide excellent solutions. Numerous mathematicians later used this theory to prove their results; see, for example, the Schauder fixed point theorem, the Darbo fixed point theorem, the nonexpansive fixed point theorem, etc. Additionally, we hypothesized that a large number of known fixed point theorems can be simply deduced from the Banach theorem. Finally, we also use this fixed point theorem in Banach space to establish the existence of a solution to a fractional integral equation and to illustrate the results with an example
(SI10-077) A Novel Collocation Method for Solving Second-order Volterra Integro-differential Equations
Get PDFIn this article, we present an efficient numerical methodology to solve second-order linear Volterra integro-differential equations. Further, the modified Chebyshev collocation method is used at the Gauss-Lobatto collocation points. In that context, some theoretical investigation related to error analysis is suggested through residual function. Numerical examples are also encountered to study the applicability of the present method. In order to get a vivid illustration of the efficiency, we present a comparative survey with three existing collocation methods
(SI10-056) Fear Effect in a Three Species Prey-predator Food-web System With Harvesting
Get PDFSome recent studies and field experiments show that predators affect their prey not only by direct capture; they also induce fear in prey species, which reduces their reproduction rate. Considering this fact, we propose a mathematical model to study the fear effect of a middle predator on its prey in a three-species food web system with harvesting. The ecological feasibility of solutions to the proposed system is guaranteed in terms of positivity and boundedness. The local stability of stationary points in the proposed system is derived. Multiple co-existing stationary points for the proposed system are observed, which makes the problem more interesting compared to the similar models studied previously. The local existence of periodic solutions through Hopf bifurcations is additionally secured numerically in the case of both unique and multiple coexisting stationary points. It is also observed that the system can exhibit strange attractors in the form of chaos. A detailed numerical simulation is performed to ensure the existence of periodic solutions and period- doubling routes to chaos. Combined effects of fear and harvesting are also discussed numerically
(R1894) Invariant Solution for Two-dimensional and Axisymmetric Jet of Power-Law Fluids
Get PDFAn invariant solution is derived using the Lie symmetry technique for steady laminar two-dimensional and axisymmetric boundary layer jet flow of incompressible power-law fluids with appropriate boundary conditions. Using symmetry, the nonlinear partial differential equation of the jet flow problem is transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The resultant nonlinear ordinary differential equation with boundary conditions is converted to an initial value problem using the Lie symmetry technique. A numerical solution for the resulting initial value problem is derived using Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta method through Maple software. The graphical representation of the characteristics of the velocity field for different physical parameters is also discussed