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The Characterization Of Natural Ingredients As Pharmaceutical Excipients In Paracetamol Tablets
Get PDFExcipients used in pharmaceuticals are inactive ingredients that play a big role in drug formulations, and drug delivery systems. Binders are a type of pharmaceutical excipient that is crucial to the stability, physical characteristics, and cohesiveness of the tablet. Fully synthetic binders, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), are commonly used due to their great formulation traits; however, these materials may have a slow dissolution rate, reduced bioavailability, or the potential to cause allergic reactions. Due to these limitations, natural excipients would be a great alternative due to their biocompatibility and faster dissolution rate. The purpose of this research was to characterize natural ingredients including d-sorbitol, d-allulose, tamarind gum, xanthan gum, guar gum, and pectin as pharmaceutical excipients with active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) paracetamol (APAP, acetaminophen). One excipient is used per tablet formulation with APAP to determine the influence on tablet characteristics. Another purpose of the research is to develop a better method for the formulation of 325 mg tablets. APAP tablets are created through wet granulation within 3D-printed molds, before being left to dry in a desiccant cabinet. After drying the tablets are characterized through image analysis with image pro software, dissolution using the BIO-DIS reciprocating Cylinder Apparatus, disintegration using 100 Disintegration Apparatus, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) absorbance accomplished with the Cary 630 FTIR, thermal stability with the Mettler Toledo DSC 3 STARe System, and crystal structure analysis with the XRD-7000 X-Ray Diffractometer Maxima. It has been concluded that natural excipients are compatible with APAP within the tablet matrix. 3D molds were an effective medium to produce granules through wet granulation due to the method\u27s efficiency and yielding granules with consistent shapes. Sugar excipients were found to have a rapid disintegration time compared to polysaccharides and synthetic PEG. The dissolution test found that all the excipients except for xanthan gum had a faster rate of dissolution than PEG. Natural excipients also have little effect on APAP’s crystal structure and melting point temperature shown through XRD and DSC respectively. FTIR analysis has shown that natural excipients will have less of an impact on APAP’s structure than synthetic PEG
miR-204-containing exosomes ameliorate GVHD-associated dry eye disease
No full textGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-associated dry eye disease is characterized by extensive inflammatory destruction in the ocular surface and causes unbearable pain and visual impairment. Current treatments provide limited benefits. Here, we report that exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-exo) administered as eye drops notably alleviate GVHD-associated dry eye disease by suppressing inflammation and improving epithelial recovery in mice and humans. In a prospective clinical trial, 28 eyes with refractory GVHD-dry eye disease exhibited substantial relief after MSC-exo treatment, showing reduced fluorescein scores, longer tear-film breakup time, increased tear secretion, and lower OSDI scores. Mechanistically, MSC-exo reprogramed proinflammatory M1 macrophages toward the immunosuppressive M2 via miR-204-mediated targeting of the IL-6/IL-6R/Stat3 pathway. Blockade of miR-204 abolished the effects of MSC-exo, while overloading L929-exo with miR-204 markedly attenuated dry eye. Thus, this study suggests that MSC-exo are efficacious in treating GVHD-associated dry eye disease and highlights miR-204 as a potential therapeutic agent
(R1971) Analysis of Feedback Queueing Model with Differentiated Vacations under Classical Retrial Policy
Get PDFThis paper analyzes an M/M/1 retrial queue under differentiated vacations and Bernoulli feedback policy. On receiving the service, if the customer is not satisfied, then he may join the retrial group again with some probability and demand for service or may leave the system with the complementary probability. Using the probability generating functions technique, the steady-state solutions of the system are obtained. Furthermore, we have obtained some of the important performance measures such as expected orbit length, expected length of the system, sojourn times and probability of server being in different states. Using MATLAB software, we have represented the graphical interpretation of the results obtained. Finally, the cost is optimized using the parabolic method
(R1885) Analytical and Numerical Solutions of a Fractional-Order Mathematical Model of Tumor Growth for Variable Killing Rate
Get PDFThis work intends to analyze the dynamics of the most aggressive form of brain tumor, glioblastomas, by following a fractional calculus approach. In describing memory preserving models, the non-local fractional derivatives not only deliver enhanced results but also acknowledge new avenues to be further explored. We suggest a mathematical model of fractional-order Burgess equation for new research perspectives of gliomas, which shall be interesting for biomedical and mathematical researchers. We replace the classical derivative with a non-integer derivative and attempt to retrieve the classical solution as a particular case. The prime motive is to acquire both analytical and numerical solutions to the posed problem. At first, we employ the transform method, and then the Adomian decomposition method to obtain the solutions that shall be useful to provide information about the effect of medical care in the annihilation of gliomas. Finally, we discuss the applicability of this model with numerical simulations and graphical representations
(R1999) Analysis of a Markovian Retrial Queue with Reneging and Working Vacation under N-control Pattern
Get PDFA Markovian retrial queue with reneging and working vacation under N-control pattern is investigated in this article. To describe the system, we employ a QBD analogy. The model’s stability condition is deduced. The stationary probability distribution is gotten by utilizing the matrix-analytic technique. The conditional stochastic decomposition of the line length in the orbit is calculated. The performance measures and special cases are designed. The model’s firmness is demonstrated numerically
(R1995) Weighted Block-wise Burst Error Correcting Codes
Get PDFIn this paper, we construct new types of codes, called Weighted Block-wise Burst Error Correcting Codes (Weighted BBEC Codes), which are an improvement on the previously known block wise burst error correcting codes in the sense of their weight, i.e., (n = n1 + n2, k) linear codes that correct all the bursts of length b1 (fixed) with the weight w1 (w1 ≤ b1) or more (less) in the first sub-block of length n1 and all the bursts of length b2 (fixed) with the weight w2 or more (less) in the next sub-block of length n2
Increasing Documentation Compliance Of Referral Requests For Fluoroscopic Guided Lumbar Puncture In The Electronic Medical Record: An Evidence-Based Practice Project
No full textEvery year approximately 400,000 diagnostic lumbar punctures (LPs) are performed by neurologists and advanced practice providers (APPs) in the United States, making it one of the most common hospital procedures (Neiman, 2021). Initial LPs are performed at the bedside using anatomic palpation. Upon a failed bedside attempt, patients are referred to Diagnostic Imagine to have the procedure performed with fluoroscopy guidance. A Fluoroscopic Guided Lumbar Puncture (FL LP) request is made following a failed bedside attempt or if the patient has exclusion criteria. Detailed documentation and completion of the FL LP Referral Request are essential for prompt acceptance and scheduling of patients to prevent diagnostic testing and chemotherapy treatment delays. There are seven core questions deemed necessary for FL LP referrals however, many APPs were bypassing the seven questions and finalizing their order.
The purpose of this project was to improve the documentation compliance of FL LP Referral Requests to prevent diagnostic and treatment delays.This project employed a comparative, pre-post intervention, non-experimental design. The intervention was an educational presentation on the importance of accurate and complete documentation to APPs who commonly refer patients for FL LPs. The goal was to improve compliance in completing the form from the previous average of 57.8% found during a random chart audit in the summer of 2021 to at least 85% in the three months following the intervention (January 1, 2022-March 18, 2022) or until the sample size was obtained.
The outcome of this evidence-based practice project confirmed a significant difference in the FL LP request documentation compliance. The results of the Chi-square test were significant based on an alpha value, .05, χ2(1) = 12.58, p \u3c .001, suggesting improvement in compliance related to the educational intervention. Compliance rats of 57.8% in the summer of 2021 were improved to 78.33% during the first quarter of 2022. This improvement is expected to benefit efficient in the clinical area, decrease diagnostic and treatment delays and improve overall patient satisfaction and outcomes. The findings were consistent with improvements reported by other research studies that evaluated documentations compliance
BENIN Culture of Arts from Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Nigeria and Togo - ( Oba\u27s Mask)
No full textThe mask is believed to have been produced in the early sixteenth century for the King or ObaEsigie, the king of Benin, to honor his mother, Idia. The oba may have worn it at rites commemorating his mother, although today such pendants are worn at annual ceremonies of spiritual renewal and purification.
The mask is said to represent Idia, the mother of Oba Esigie who ruled in the sixteenth century.https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1022/thumbnail.jp
BAMBA Culture of Arts from western belt of the Niger River and northern parts of Mali - ( Hermaphroditc Equestrian Figure)
No full textThe equestrian figure became an image of power, human mastery over nature, and success in war and hunting. The horse rider stands in juxtaposition with another prominent theme in the art in the Dogon or Tellem culture.https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/african-sculptures-and-masks/1043/thumbnail.jp