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Thermal stresses in functionally graded hollow sphere due to non-uniform internal heat generation
Get PDFIn this article, the thermal stresses in a hollow thick sphere of functionally graded material subjected to non-uniform internal heat generation are obtained as a function of radius to an exact solution by using the theory of elasticity. Material properties and heat generation are assumed as a function of radius of sphere and Poisson’s ratio as constant. The distribution of thermal stresses for different values of the powers of the module of elasticity and varying power law index of heat generation is studied. The results are illustrated numerically and graphically
Dynamics of an SIR Model with Nonlinear Incidence and Treatment Rate
Get PDFIn this paper, global dynamics of an SIR model are investigated in which the incidence rate is being considered as Beddington-DeAngelis type and the treatment rate as Holling type II (saturated). Analytical study of the model shows that the model has two equilibrium points (diseasefree equilibrium (DFE) and endemic equilibrium (EE)). The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is locally asymptotically stable when reproduction number is less than one. Some conditions on the model parameters are obtained to show the existence as well as nonexistence of limit cycle. Some sufficient conditions for global stability of the endemic equilibrium using Lyapunov function are obtained. The existence of Hopf bifurcation of model is investigated by using Andronov-Hopf bifurcation theorem. Further, numerical simulations are done to exemplify the analytical studies
Numerical Solution of Linear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations by Non-standard Finite Difference Method
Get PDFIn this article we consider a non-standard finite difference method for numerical solution of linear Fredholm integro-differential equations. The non-standard finite difference method and the repeated / composite trapezoidal quadrature method are used to transform the Fredholm integro-differential equation into a system of non-linear algebraic equations. The numerical experiments on some linear model problems show the simplicity and efficiency of the proposed method. It is observed from the numerical experiments that our method is convergent and second order accurate
Extension Formulas of Lauricella’s Functions by Applications of Dixon’s Summation Theorem
Get PDFThe aim of this research paper is to obtain two extension formulas for the first and second kind of Lauricella’s functions of three variables with the help of generalized Dixon’s summation theorem, which was obtained by Lavoie et al. In addition to this, two extension formulas for the second and third kind of Appell’s functions are obtained as a consequence of the above mentioned results . Furthermore, some transformation formulas involving Exton’s double hypergeometric series are obtained as an applications of our main results
Seir Model of Seasonal Epidemic Diseases using HAM
Get PDFSEIR mathematical model of childhood diseases measles, chickenpox, mumps, rubella incorporate seasonal variation in contact rates due to the increased mixing during school terms compared to school holidays. Driven by seasonality these diseases are characterized by annual oscillations with variable contact rate which is a periodic function of time in years. Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is considered in this paper to obtain a semi analytic approximate solution of non-linear simultaneous differential equations. Mathematica is used to carry out the computations. Results established through graphs show the validity and potential of HAM for amplitude of variation greater than zero. Also, when it is equal to zero both HAM and Runge-Kutta method graphs are compared
The effects of home country, gender, and position on listening behaviors
No full textRegardless of national culture, often listening is mentioned as an important component for effective business operations. In addition, understanding how individuals of different national cultures perceive and process listening is fundamental to our global world of work. The present study used Glenn and Pood (1989) Listening Self-Inventory to examine the distracted and attentive listening behaviors of male and female managers and non-managers who worked full time in the countries of India, Malaysia, and the United States of America (USA). Findings in this study suggest USA females and males, in general, are less likely to be attentive listeners than the Indian and Malaysian respondents are. USA and Malaysian managers are less prone to be attentive listeners than non-managers while Indian managers are more likely to be attentive listeners. Regarding distracted listening behaviors, males are more prone to engage in distracted listening than females while managers are less likely to engage in distracted listening than non-managers. USA managers are more distracted in their listening than non-managers while Indian and Malaysian managers are less distracted listeners than the non-managers are. This study indicates differing national cultures, organizational position and gender can affect listening in the workplace
Strategic Relevance of Organizational Virtues Enabled by Information Technology in Organizational Innovation
No full textThe central theme of this paper is that information technology (IT) can serve to create ethical organizations endowed with virtuous characteristics, and that such ethical organizations can innovate better in todays dynamic market environment. Drawing on the notion of virtue ethics propounded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, we theorize that core organizational IT affordances influence the development of organizational virtues, which in turn influence organizational improvisational capabilities and innovation. We propose the IT-virtues-innovation (IVI) model and test it using a cross-organizational survey of 250 employees from various organizations in the United States. Our findings largely support our proposal that IT affordances positively influence organizational virtues, which then influence organizational improvisational capabilities, thus improving organizational innovation. This paper contributes to the understanding of organizational innovation by articulating the strategic usefulness of IT-enabled organizational ethics, and it explains how IT-enabled ethical competence (virtues) influences strategic competence (improvisational capabilities and innovation)
Investigating System development processes in healthcare organizations
No full textInformation Systems (IS) have become critical for healthcare organizations. However implementation and adoption of integrated healthcare IS continues to be a non-trivial task. This research suggests that insights into this phenomenon may be achieved using theoretical perspectives related to boundary spanning amongst distinct fields of practice. It further argues that successful use of IS within a healthcare organization requires its IT-practice to act as the boundary-spanning agent for the diverse fields of practice. Using an interpretive case research approach the research examines the nature of the boundaryspanning role played by an organizational IT-practice in Saudi-Arabia. The primary conclusion of the investigation is that successful IS implementation and use requires the organization\u27s IT-practices to act as effective boundary-spanners. Further it is suggested that such boundary-spanning activities have different modes for development and the maintenance phases
Aquerts and aquertic soils: A querulous proposition
No full textVertisols and aquic moisture regimes have had a contentious relationship. Only very recently were aquic moisture regimes considered appropriate for Vertisols, and even now many soil scientists do not consider the wetter Vertisols to be hydric soils. Part of the problem is that understanding water table dynamics in Vertisols is problematical: shrink-swell action results in a dynamic pore-size distribution that is a function of moisture content. In addition, the very clayey matrix of Vertisols results in a hydrologic disequilibrium between the voids and the matrix. We explore a series of problems for defining hydric status that arise due to the unique nature of Vertisols. Results of field studies on the Texas Gulf Coast Vertisol belt demonstrate the significance of hydrologic and biogeochemical disequilibrium for defining hydric Vertisols. Vertisols on planar surfaces were saturated, as measured with both tensiometers and piezometers, \u3e50% of the time, yet experienced much shorter periods of reduction, and were never reduced in the entire matrix. Definitions for hydric soils should be reformulated to include specific periods and volumes of reduction. We present some tentative field criteria for identifying hydric Vertisols
Solutions for grand challenges in animal agriculture
No full textThe ever increasing world population has been accompanied by growing demand for efficient and innovative animal and food production systems. Furthermore, increases in numbers of educated consumers and in obesity have augmented the needs for healthier diets. However, climate change and lack of creativity in food production, in addition to food security issues, have resulted in limitations to agricultural systems. Consequently, there are major current and future challenges for global animal agriculture. Animal scientists can play pivotal roles in addressing these challenges through science-based solutions. In this review, animal science is first introduced along with major hurdlesrelated to animal agriculture, and then proposed solutions for these grand challenges on a global scale are discussed. This resource will empower scientists, students and members of society with essential animal agriculture knowledge in the face of current and future challenges. It is expected that this review will convey the importance of an animal science education for developing the next generation of students who will shape the future