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On a Hybrid Technique to Handle Analytical and Approximate Solutions of Linear and Nonlinear Fractional Order Partial Differential Equations
Get PDFThis manuscript is devoted to consider Natural transform (NT) coupled with homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for obtaining series solutions to some linear and nonlinear fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs). By means of NT, we obtain the transformed problem which is then solved by using HPM. By means of Stehfest’s numerical algorithm and using the dual relationship of NT and Laplace transform, we calculate inverse NT for approximate solutions. The series solutions we obtain using the proposed method are in close agreement with the exact solutions. We apply the proposed method to some interesting problems to illustrate our main results
Adjacent vertex-distinguishing proper edge-coloring of strong product of graphs
Get PDFLet G be a finite, simple, undirected and connected graph. The adjacent vertex-distinguishing proper edge-coloring is the minimum number of colors required for a proper edge-coloring of G, in which no two adjacent vertices are incident to edges colored with the same set of colors. The minimum number of colors required for an adjacent vertex-distinguishing proper edgecoloring of G is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing proper edge-chromatic index. In this paper, I compute adjacent vertex-distinguishing proper edge-chromatic index of strong product of graphs
Effects of Spatial and Temporal Data Aggregation on the Performance of the Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor System
No full textThe objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the performance of the Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) system in capturing precipitation compared to gauge data, and (2) assess the effects of spatial (1–50 km) and temporal (15–120 min) data aggregation scales on the performance of the MRMS system. Point-to-grid comparisons were conducted between 215 rain gauges and the MRMS system. The MRMS system at 1 km spatial and 15 min temporal resolutions captured precipitation reasonably well with average R2, root mean square error (RMSE), and percent bias (PBIAS) values of 0.65, 0.5 mm, and 11.9 mm; whereas Threat Score, probability of detection, and false alarm ratio were 0.57, 0.92, and 0.40, respectively. Decreasing temporal resolution from 15 min to two hours resulted in an increase in R2 and a decrease in RMSE, whereas PBIAS was not affected. Reducing spatial resolution from 1 to 50 km resulted in increases in R2 and PBIAS, whereas RMSE was decreased. Increasing spatial aggregation scale from 1 to 50 km resulted in an R2 increase of only 0.08. Similarly, improvement in R2 was only modest (0.17) compared to an eightfold reduction in temporal resolution (from 15 min to two hours). While aggregating data at coarser temporal resolutions resolved some of the under/overestimation issues of the MRMS system, it was apparent even at coarser spatial and temporal resolutions the MRMS system inherently overestimated smaller precipitation events while underestimated bigger events
Homogeneous phase synthesis of chitosan silica hybrid materials in ionic liquid medium and adsorption of Fe(III) from aqueous solutions
No full textTwo chitosan silica hybrid materials were prepared by a two-step process in 78–84% yields using the homogeneous phase reaction of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate with chitosan dissolved in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid (∼10% w/w), which was followed by NH4OH catalyzed hydrolysis of triethoxysilyl groups and then sol-gel process. These new hybrid materials were shown to adsorb up to about 95% of Fe3+ from 5 × 10−4 M aqueous solution at room temperature in 24 h
Elliptic Elements of a Subgroup of the Normalizer and Circuits in Orbital Graphs
Get PDFIn this study, we investigate suborbital graphs G_{u, N} of the normalizer Gamma_B(N) of Gamma_0(N) in PSL(2, R) for N = 2^{alpha} 3^{beta} \u3e 1 where alpha = 0, 2, 4, 6, and beta = 0, 2. In these cases the normalizer becomes a triangular group. We first define an imprimitive action of Gamma_B (N) on ^Q using the group Gamma^0_C (N) and then obtain some properties of the suborbital graphs arising from this action. Finally we define suborbital graphs F_{u;N} and investigate their properties. As a consequence, we find some certain relationships between the lengths of circuits in suborbital graphs F_{u;N} and the periods of the group Gamma^0_C (N)
Growth of Salmonella on inoculated inhull pistachios during postharvest handling
No full textSalmonella has been isolated from dried pistachios in both postharvest and retail surveys. The source of Salmonella in pistachios is unknown, but introduction is possible at points during production, harvest, and postharvest activities. To examine the behavior of Salmonella on pistachios during simulated postharvest conditions, early-, mid-, and late-season inhull pistachios were collected from two commercial processors over five different harvests. Pistachios were inoculated with cocktails of nalidixic acid– or rifampin-resistant Salmonella at 0.64 to 1.59 log CFU/g (low) or 2.73 to 3.27 or 4.29 to 4.31 log CFU/g (high) and were incubated for up to 30 h under commercially relevant conditions (23, 35, or 37°C and 50 or 90% relative humidity [RH]). Populations of Salmonella were measured by plating onto tryptic soy agar and CHROMagar Salmonella with added nalidixic acid or rifampin. Individual growth curves at the same temperature and RH differed significantly among different lots of pistachios. Except for a single late-season lot in which no significant growth was observed, Salmonella multiplied under all storage conditions. In the first 3 h after inoculation, insignificant (most cases) to small (0.41 to 0.67 log CFU/g) but significant (P\u3c 0.05) mean increases in Salmonella populations were measured; the mean predicted time to achieve maximum populations (5 to 8 log CFU/g) was 16 ±4 h. In paired samples, longer lag phases, lower growth rates, and lower maximum increases were observed with inoculated inhull pistachios incubated at 238C and 50% RH compared with 35 or 37°C and 90% RH. Similar growth curves were observed at the low and high inoculum levels; throughout the 30 h of incubation, Salmonella populations were consistently ~1 to 2 log CFU/g lower on pistachios inoculated at the low inoculum level. Managing the time between harvesting and hulling will reduce the potential for growth of Salmonella on pistachios during postharvest handling
The dynamics of productive assets, contract duration and holdup
No full textThe owner of an asset often transfers the right to use or exploit that asset to an agent in exchange for a rent. A limited time of the license and the failure of the owner\u27s commitment to compensate the agent for any asset improvement are likely to lead to underinvestment (holdup). In this study, we analyze the optimal length a contract would need to have to maximize the owner\u27s income in the short- and long-run. We determine the design of a sequence of renegotiation-proof, overlapping, fixed time contracts that allows eliminating the hold-up problem. The obtained outcomes are tested and illustrated on a specific problem (land lease and soil quality). Numeric simulation demonstrates that the most severe version of the hold-up problem arises when the lease contract is not long enough for farmers to make any investment in the soil quality (less than 3 years on calibrated data)
Health Literacy Competence of Health Education Students in Three Universities
No full textIntroduction. Limited health literacy challenges health care and perpetuates health disparities. Health agencies, such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the World Health Organization, have recommended health literacy training for all health professionals, but little is known about the health literacy competence of health education professionals. The purpose of this study was to assess the health literacy knowledge and experience of advanced health education students. Method. We used a cross-sectional design to collect data from a sample of 250 juniors and seniors enrolled in health education programs who self-reported an intention to take the certified health education specialists examination. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted. Findings. Results showed most students (84%) scored below 70% on the knowledge component of the test, even though majority of them (94%) reported health literacy training was included in their health educator preparation curriculum. A correlation analysis found health literacy knowledge was not associated with students’ reports of health literacy in their health education curriculum. Prior academic degree was negatively correlated with health literacy knowledge (ρ = −.211, p \u3c.05), and there was a negative correlation between health literacy knowledge and health literacy experience (ρ = −.189, p \u3c.05). Discussion. The study identified weaknesses and gaps in the health literacy knowledge and skills of students, most of who were in the final phase of their professional preparation. The findings have implications for research, practice, and credentialing
Evaluation of phytotoxicity of three organic amendments to collard greens using the seed germination bioassay
No full textSmall-scale vegetable and fruit crop producers in the USA use locally available commercial organic fertilizers and soil amendments recycled from municipal and agricultural wastes. Organic soil amendments provide crops with their nutrient needs and maintain soil health by modifying its physical, chemical, and biological properties. However, organic soil amendments might add unwanted elements such as toxic heavy metals or salts, which might inhibit crop growth and reduce yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate phytotoxicity of three commercial organic amendments, chicken manure, milorganite, and dairy manure, to collard greens using the seed germination bioassay and chemical analysis of the organic amendments. The seed germination bioassay was conducted by incubating collard greens seeds to germinate in 1:10 (w/v) organic amendment aqueous extracts. Results of this work identified phytotoxic effects of chicken manure and milorganite, but not dairy manure, to collard greens. Potentially phytotoxic chemicals such as copper, zinc, nickel, and salts were also higher in chicken manure and milorganite compared to dairy manure. In particular, nickel in chicken manure and milorganite aqueous extracts was 28-fold and 21-fold, respectively, higher than previously reported toxic levels to wheat seedlings. The results demonstrate the need for more research on phytotoxicity of commercial organic soil amendments to ensure their safe use in vegetable and fruit crop production systems
PURSUE Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 2 (Issue 1) 2019
Get PDFThe scholarly journal, “PURSUE: Undergraduate Research Journal” (ISSN 2473-6201), provides undergraduates an avenue to publish their original research abstracts and articles in the following areas: psychology, sociology, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, computer science, mathematics, humanities, agriculture, architecture, health, business, and education (this list is not exclusive).
The original research articles included in this journal are peer reviewed and selected by the journal’s Editorial Board. The review process allows undergraduate researchers to receive feedback from notable scientists in their field of study and teach them about the publication process. Publication of their work will not only inform the scientific community; it will also impact the greater society. The journal is housed at Prairie View A&M University, a Historically Black University, and is available to all young scientists conducting research. This journal also serves as a means for faculty to extend knowledge beyond the classroom and encourage their students to perform and publish quality research. All undergraduate research is produced in conjunction with a faculty mentor and is peer-reviewed. The journal is open to Undergraduates from all colleges and universities