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Logarithmic Mean Labeling of Some Ladder Related Graphs
Get PDFIn general, the logarithmic mean of two positive integers need not be an integer. Hence, the logarithmic mean is to be an integer; we use either flooring or ceiling function. The logarithmic mean labeling of graphs have been defined in which the edge labels may be assigned by either flooring function or ceiling function. In this, we establish the logarithmic mean labeling on graphs by considering the edge labels obtained only from the flooring function. A logarithmic mean labeling of a graph G with q edges is an injective function from the vertex set of G to 1, 2, 3,..., q+1 such that the edge labels obtained from the flooring function of logarithmic mean of the vertex labels of the end vertices of each edge are all distinct, and the set of edge labels is 1, 2, 3,..., q. A graph is said to be a logarithmic mean graph if it admits a logarithmic mean labeling. In this paper, we study the logarithmic meanness of some ladder related graphs
Multiple Model Smith Predictor Control of Main Steam Temperature based on Gap Metric
No full textFor the large time-delay and the nonlinear of the main temperature plant, a multiple model Smith predictor control strategy is proposed. Based on the gap metric, a set of multiple models is established. At the same time, the working point is selected carefully and reasonably to design the controller in order to ensure the control system stable at other working points. According to the change of boiler load, the switching between multiple models is designed by the recursive bayes formula. Finally, the empirical formula of first-order-inertia-dead-time process is used to tune PID parameters. It can effectively overcome model mismatch and avoid disturbance caused by controller switching through the multiple model Smith predictor control strategy. The simulation results show that the method presented has good load adaptability, which can further improve the control performance of the main steam temperature system
EThcD and 213 nm UVPD for Top-Down Analysis of Bovine Seminal Plasma Proteoforms on Electrophoretic and Chromatographic Time Frames
No full textSeminal plasma is a critical and complex fluid that carries sperm to eggs to initiate the fertilization process. Here, we present a top-down mass spectrometry (TDMS) strategy for identifying proteins and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in bovine seminal plasma. In this study, proteins were separated using sheathless capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-MS and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, and then fragmented using electron-transfer/higher-energy collisional dissociation (EThcD) and 213 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (213 nm UVPD) to provide more comprehensive information about the proteomic landscape of this biological fluid. Four hundred and seventeen proteoforms were identified by sheathless CZE-MS, and one hundred and seventy-two species were unique to this method. LC-MS identified 3090 proteoforms, including 1707 unique species. All identifications were within ±10 ppm (mass error) and with a P-Score ≤1 × 10-04. Pooling results (triplicate measurements) from sheathless CZE-MS and LC-MS resulted in the identification of 1433 proteoforms (EThcD) and 2151 proteoforms (213 nm UVPD) with 612 species unique for EThcD and 1021 for 213 nm UVPD. The average sequence coverage was found to be higher for EThcD (28%) than for 213 nm UVPD (23%). The use of sheathless CZE-MS and LC-MS with EThcD and 213 nm UVPD provided complementary protein profiling and proteoform data that were more comprehensive than those of either method alone
Awareness of HIV-positive status and linkage to treatment prior to pregnancy in the test and treat era: A national antenatal sentinel survey, 2017, South Africa
No full textIntroduction Knowledge of HIV status in South Africa (SA) is reported to be 90% among people living with HIV. National level estimates could mask population-specific levels, which are critical to monitor program coverage and potential impact. Using data from the 2017 national antenatal sentinel survey, we assessed knowledge of HIV-positive status, initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and socio-demographic characteristics associated with knowledge of HIVpositive status prior to the current pregnancy among women attending antenatal care. Methods Between 1 October and 15 November 2017, a nationally representative sample of 32,716 pregnant women were enrolled from 1,595 public health facilities selected from all districts of SA. Data on age, gravidity, knowledge of HIV-positive status and ART initiation prior to pregnancy were extracted from medical records. A blood sample was collected from each woman regardless of prior knowledge of HIV status or ART history, and tested for HIV in the laboratory. All HIV-positive pregnant women enrolled in the survey were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. Multivariable survey logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with knowledge of HIV-positive status prior to the current pregnancy. Results Of 10,065 eligible HIV-positive women, 60.8% (95% confidence interval (CI):59.9%-61.7%) knew their HIV status prior to the current pregnancy, of whom 91.1% (95% CI: 90.4%-91.7%) initiated ART prior to the current pregnancy. Knowledge of HIV-positive status was lower among adolescent girls and young women (15-24 years) (38.9%) and primigravid women (40.5%) compared with older women (35-49 years) (75.5%) and multigravid women (64.7%). In a multivariable analysis, significant effect modification was found between gravidity and age (P value = 0.047). Being in the age group 15-24 years compared to the age group 35-49 years decreased the odds of knowing HIV-positive status by 80% (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.2, 95% CI:0.1-0.4) among primigravid women and by 60%(AOR: 0.4, 95% CI:0.3-0.4) among multigravid women. Conclusion Knowledge of HIV-positive status prior to the current pregnancy fell short of the target of 90% among pregnant women living with HIV. This was especially low among adolescent girls and young women, highlighting the gap in youth friendly reproductive health and HIV testing services
Exact Solutions of Two Nonlinear Space-time Fractional Differential Equations by Application of Exp-function Method
Get PDFIn this paper, we discuss on the exact solutions of the nonlinear space-time fractional Burgerlike equation and also the nonlinear fractional fifth-order Sawada-Kotera equation with the expfunction method.We use the functional derivatives in the sense of Riemann-Jumarie derivative and fractional convenient variable transformation in this study. Further, we obtain some exact analytical solutions including hyperbolic function
Stability of Modified Host-Parasitoid Model with Allee Effect
Get PDFThis paper deals with a host-parasitoid model subject to Allee effect and its dynamical behavior. Steady state points of the proposed host-parasitoid model are computed. Stability properties are analyzed with eigen values of Jacobian matrix which are determined at the steady states. Theoretical findings are supported by numerical illustrations and enhanced by pictorial representations such as bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits and local amplifications for different parameter values. Existence of chaotic behavior in the system is established via bifurcation and sensitivity analysis of the system at the initial conditions. Various phase portraits are simulated for a better understanding of the qualitative behavior of the considered model
Dynamical Behavior of an Eco-epidemiological Model Incorporating Prey Refuge and Prey Harvesting
Get PDFIn this paper an eco-epidemiological model incorporating a prey refuge and prey harvesting with disease in the prey-population is considered. Predators are assumed to consume both the susceptible and infected prey at different rates. The positivity and boundedness of the solution of the system are discussed. The existence and stability of the biologically feasible equilibrium points are investigated. Numerical simulations are performed to support our analytical findings
Accurate Spectral Algorithms for Solving Variable-order Fractional Percolation Equations
Get PDFA high accurate spectral algorithm for one-dimensional variable-order fractional percolation equations (VO-FPEs) is considered.We propose a shifted Legendre Gauss-Lobatto collocation (SL-GLC) method in conjunction with shifted Chebyshev Gauss-Radau collocation (SC-GR-C) method to solve the proposed problem. Firstly, the solution and its space fractional derivatives are expanded as shifted Legendre polynomials series. Then, we determine the expansion coefficients by reducing the VO-FPEs and its conditions to a system of ordinary differential equations (SODEs) in time. The numerical approximation of SODEs is achieved by means of the SC-GR-C method. The under-study’s problem subjected to the Dirichlet or non-local boundary conditions is presented and compared with the results in literature, which reveals wonderful results
A New Approach to the Q-Conjugacy Character Tables of Finite Groups
Get PDFIn this paper, we study the Q-conjugacy character table of an arbitrary finite group and introduce a general relation between the degrees of Q-conjugacy characters with their corresponding reductions. This could be accomplished by using the Hermitian symmetric form. We provide a useful technique to calculate the character table of a finite group when its corresponding Qconjugacy character table is given. Then, we evaluate our results in some useful examples. Finally, by using GAP (Groups, Algorithms and Programming) package, we calculate all the dominant classes of the sporadic Conway group Co2 enabling us to find all possible the integer-valued characters for the Conway group Co2