E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Cilacap
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Efek Penambahan Butanol Terhadap Emisi dan Temperatur Gas Buang Mesin Bensin EFI Menggunakan EGR
Get PDFThe high octane number and oxygen content of butanol can improve combustion more completely and the residual gas resulting from engine combustion is more environmentally friendly. This study examines the effect of adding 5% to 15% butanol at 5% intervals on a gasoline engine with an EGR system with premium fuel on emissions and exhaust gas temperatures. The exhaust gas analyzer was used to measure the combustion gases. Exhaust gas temperature was measured using a thermocouple mounted on the exhaust manifold. The mixture of P85B15 reduced CO levels by 68.11% and HC by 37.50% compared to P100. However, CO2 emissions and exhaust gas temperatures increased. The use of hot and cold EGR generally increased engine exhaust emissions. However, the exhaust gas temperature decreased by 4.72% when the engine used cold EGR and 1.33% when the engine used hot EGR
Desain dan Analisis Karakteristik Pegas Koil Sistem Suspensi Belakang untuk Kendaraan Ringan Sepeda Motor Listrik
Get PDFThe vehicle\u27s suspension system have function to reduce vibrations from the shock between the wheels and the road. Previous research discussed the simulation of spring loading with material variations. This research focuses on the design and analysis of springs that will be used in Electric Motorbikes (SEMOLI). Spring analysis between cast stainless steels and carbon stainless steels is done by calculating displacement transmissibility. The analytical method used is the SDOF harmonic method to determine the system response. The results of the analysis are considered for the selection of springs by determining the displacement transmissibility and the response of the suspension system. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of cast stainless steels and carbon stainless steels for active springs 6, 7, and 8 at speeds of 10 km/hour, 20 km/hour, 40 km/hour, 80 km/hour showed a decrease in displacement transmissibility. Characteristics for stainless steel material at steady state condition with active spring 6 is 0.3 second, while 7 and 8 are 0.25 second. The characteristics of overshoot for cast stainless steel material with active spring 6 are 55.3%, 7 are 52.7% and 8 are 50.3%. Stainless steel material has the characteristics of overshoot on active spring 6 is 55.8%, active spring 7 is 53.3%, and active spring 8 is 51 From the characteristic analysis, the best material obtained is cast stainless steel with a smaller displacement value dan good respon
The Impact of Utilization The Solar-Panels With a Cooling-Water System as a Source of Micro-Power Generation
Get PDFThe optimal approach to enhance solar panel efficiency and decrease the degradation rate is to lower the temperature range of the surface area. It will be applied by allowing the panels/modules to be cooled and lessening the heat stored in the solar cells through an operation. In the research using experimental methods, the solar panels used have a capacity of 100 WP as a source of micro-power generation, the angle of inclination of the panels is adjusted with variations of 150, 200, and 250. The cooling system uses water, the process of draining water using a submersible pump mounted on a reservoir Water flows to all surfaces of the solar panel and circulates continuously when operating. The experimental outcomes show that the cooling process utilizing water has reduced the temperature operating of the solar panels. The decrease in average temperature occurred in all variations of 23%. The cooling process significantly affects the output power and operational efficiency; circulating cooling can increase the scale of incidents solar radiation on the solar panel due to the refractive effect of the water layer and keep the surface of the solar panel clean from dirt and dust. Output power and operational efficiency have increased in almost all variations in the angle of the solar panel tilt (150, 200, and 250), output power has increased by an average of 22%, and efficiency has increased by on average of 2
Komparasi Kinerja ELECTRE dan MOORA dalam Menentukan Konsentrasi Tingkat Kesuburan Sperma
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to test and compare the performance of the ELECTRE method with MOORA in decision making. By using the attribute weighting process, namely the calculation of Information Gain in both methods, the attribute weights are obtained systematically and objectively, therefore they are no longer determined by the assumptions of decision makers. The test data instrument used is a dataset from the UCI Machine Learning Repository, namely the Fertility Dataset which is data on the level of sperm fertility concentration with 100 data records, 9 attributes, 1 class variable and the data set is multivariate. The results of testing the ELECTRE and MOORA methods in this study indicate that the two methods have differences in the results of ranking the best alternative for sperm fertility concentration levels. The ELECTRE method produces A2 as the best alternative, while the MOORA method produces A16 as the best alternative. Then in terms of program execution time, the MOORA method is faster, namely 0.02 seconds, while the ELECTRE method execution time is 1.88 seconds
Pengaruh Variasi Media Pendingin Proses Quenching Terhadap Mikrostruktur dan Sifat Mekanik Baja Hadfield
Get PDFManganese steel contains 1,2% C and 12% Mn generally recognized as Hadfield steel. Based on the high composition of C and Mn elements, the main structure of this steel is dominated by an austenite matrix that surrounded the carbide phase on the grain boundary. This structure is usually brittle which leads to improper high-loading conditions. To overcome this problem, the experimental method was carried out by heating Hadfield steel to a temperature of 1000 oC, then followed by a quenching process using cooling media variations namely water and salt bath (20 wt.% NaCl solution). These cooling media variations aim to determine the level of carbide formation which affects the microstructure and mechanical properties. From the test results, it was obtained that Hadfield steel with salt bath (20 wt.% NaCl) quenching variation has significant microstructure transformation which affects enhancement of the value of tensile and yield strength (809,5 and 542,4 MPa), hardness (238 HV), ductility and toughness.Baja mangan yang mengandung 1,2% C dan 12% Mn dikenal secara umum sebagai baja Hadfield. Berdasarkan tingginya kandungan unsur C dan Mn, struktur utama baja ini didominasi oleh matriks austenit yang dikelilingi fasa karbida pada batas butirnya. Struktur tersebut biasanya rapuh dan cenderung tidak layak untuk penggunaan dalam kondisi pembebanan tinggi. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan cara memanaskan baja Hadfield hingga temperatur 1000 °C, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses quenching menggunakan variasi media pendingin yaitu air dan air garam 20 wt.% NaCl. Pemilihan variasi media pendingin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pembentukan fasa karbida dan pengaruhnya terhadap mikrostruktur dan sifat mekaniknya. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa baja Hadfield dengan variasi quenching air garam 20 wt.% NaCl memiliki transformasi mikrostruktur yang signifikan sehingga berefek pada peningkatan nilai kekuatan tarik dan luluh (809,5 dan 542,4 MPa), kekerasan (238 HV), keuletan dan ketangguhannya
Effect of Cutting Parameter Toward The Surface Roughness Applied In Turning Tool Steel Material
Get PDFIn this study, the effect of the tool-tip radius and cutting process parameters on the quality of the machining process experimentally on the use of SKD 11 tool steel material. Several radius (0.80 mm, 1.20 mm, 1.60 mm) and the parameters of the cutting process, specifically feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut. The ANOVA method used in this study aims to analyze the cutting process parameters on the surface quality of the workpiece and the cutting force. The analysis of this research results in certain conditions in which the feed rate significantly affects surface quality. However, this is contrary to the depth of cut parameter, which affects the cutting force. This study also observed the effect of the tooltip radius on the optimal surface quality when using a 0.80 mm radius. The second-order regression modeling used in this analysis shows a very good level of accuracy, with the correlation value of accuracy ranging from 96% to 98%.Pada penelitian ini, pengaruh radius ujung pahat dan parameter proses pemotongan terhadap kwalitas proses pemesinan secara eksperimen terhadap penggunaan material baja SKD 11. Variasi radius yang digunakan adalah 0.80 mm, 1.20 mm, 1.60 mm dan parameter proses pemotongan antara lain kecepatan potong, kecepatan pemakanan dan kedalaman potong. Metode ANOVA digunakan pada penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk menanalisa parameter proses pemotongan terhadap kualitas permukaan bendan kerja dan gaya potongan. Analisa penelitian ini menghasilkan kondisi tertentu, bahwa feed rate memiliki efek yang siknifikan terhadap kualitas permukaan. Akan tetapi hal tersebut bertolak belakang dengan parameter kedalaman potong yang berpengaruh terhadap gaya potong. Penelitian ini juga mengamati pengaruh radius ujung pahat terhadap kualitas permukaan yang optimal saat menggunakan radius 0.80 mm. Pemodelan regresi orde dua yang digunakan pada analisa ini menunjukkan tingkat keakurasian yang sangat bagus dengan nilai korelasi keakurasiannya kisaran 96% hingga 98%
Uji Kinerja Metode Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Untuk Identifikasi Gangguan Daya Listrik
Get PDFThe identification model development of the power disturbance signals with the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) method involves a large amount of data. However, the real signal data is limited. Therefore, researchers employ synthetic signal data. These signals can be generated by the formula IEEE standardized. In these formulas, two categories have a similar formula i.e interruption and sag. The difference is only in the intensity parameter (α). This paper analyzed the model performance of identifying those disturbances where the intensity values are set differently for training and testing datasets based on the upper bound value α of sag and the lower bound value α of interruption. Several noise levels are included in the signals. So, there are several datasets with noises in this simulation. Furthermore, those datasets are trained using the model based on deep CNN. The test results show that the true positive (TP) of the model\u27s performance in identifying the interruption signal is 93.54% and the sag signal is 78.78%. In addition, the performance of the model using a dataset without noise obtained a high percentage in accuracy, precision, and f1-score parameters with 92.4%, 97.4%, and 92,76%, respectively.Model berbasis deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) untuk identifikasi sinyal gangguan listrik membutuhkan jumlah data yang besar, tetapi data riil untuk membangun model tersebut sangat sulit diperoleh sehingga beberapa peneliti menggunakan data buatan pada tahap pelatihan model. Data buatan diproduksi menggunakan fungsi matematika berstandar IEEE. Dalam standar tersebut, fungsi matematika untuk memproduksi sinyal gangguan listrik jenis interruption dan sag adalah sama, tetapi besaran nilai interval parameter intensitasnya (α) berbeda. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menganalisis kinerja model dalam mengidentifikasi ke dua jenis gangguan listrik tersebut. Dataset sinyal untuk pelatihan dan pengujian model diproduksi dengan mengatur nilai interval variabel α berdasarkan nilai batas maksimal α sinyal jenis Sag dan nilai batas minimal α jenis interruption. Pada data sinyal buatan disertakan beberapa level noise untuk memperoleh data sinyal mendekati data riil sehingga terdapat beberapa dataset noise dalam simulasi. Selanjutnya, dataset-dataset tersebut dilatih dengan model deep CNNs. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai true positive (TP) model dalam mengidentifikasi pada sinyal gangguan jenis interruption sebesar 93,54% dan jenis sag sebesar 78,78%. Selain itu, model dengan dataset tidak bernoise memiliki kinerja lebih baik pada parameter accuracy, precision dan f1-score dengan masing-masing nilai 92,4%, 97,4% dan 92,76%
Optimalisasi Hasil Produksi Briket Cangkang Kelapa Dengan Memanfaatkan Teknologi Tepat Guna Berbahan Bakar Minyak Solar
Get PDFMany methods can be used by the community to burn coconut shells into charcoal, one of which is by utilizing appropriate technology fueled by diesel oil, namely shell powder processing machines. The production of briquettes from coconut shells is still limited and has not developed rapidly because the process of shelling coconut shells is still simple thus it takes three to five days. The use of adhesive amounts is not optimal. This is done to fulfill the community\u27s desire; therefore, coconut shell waste can be managed as raw material for making briquettes to become a source of community income. The purpose of this research is to optimize the production of coconut shell briquettes by utilizing appropriate technology fueled by diesel oil. The method used is by conducting a trial process of starch adhesive treatment, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 6.25%, and 7% with the amount of water 900 ml at a temperature of 70 0C to form gelatinization. As a result, it was found that the best starch adhesive treatment is in the 6.25% test with the ratio of the starch adhesive mixture, shell powder, and water being 0.25: 4: 0.9. It indicates that the resulting briquette shape is more efficient, has high density and small briquette pores.Banyak metode dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk membakar cangkang kelapa menjadi arang batok, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi tepat guna berbahan bakar minyak solar, yaitu mesin pengolahan serbuk batok. Produksi briket dari cangkang kelapa masih terbatas dan belum berkembang pesat dikarenakan proses pengtempurungan cangkang kelapa masih sederhana dan memakan waktu tiga sampai dengan lima hari serta penggunaan jumlah perekat yang belum optimal. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memenuhi keinginan masyarakat agar sampah cangkang kelapa dapat dikelola menjadi material baku pembuatan briket sehingga menjadi sumber pendapatan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengoptimalisasi hasil produksi briket cangkang kelapa dengan memanfaatkan teknologi tepat guna berbahan bakar minyak solar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan melakukan proses uji coba perlakuan perekat kanji, yaitu 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 6,25% dan 7% dengan jumlah air 900 ml pada temperatur 70 0C sampai membentuk gelatinisasi. Hasilnya, didapatkan bahwa perlakuan perekat kanji terbaik pada pengujian 6,25% dengan perbandingan jumlah campuran perekat tepung kanji, serbuk tempurung cangkang, dan air adalah 0,25:4:0,9, ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk briket yang dihasilkan lebih efisien, memilki kerapatan tinggi serta pori-pori briket kecil
Pengelolaan dan Pembukuan Keuangan Pada UMKM di Pasar Bengkulu Demi Konsistensi Usaha di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
No full textDuring the pandemic, there are still many people in Pasar Bengkulu Village who do not work, where housewives should be able to use their free time more productively. Based on observations made in Pasar Bengkulu Village, many housewives who have been in the business of selling souvenirs in tourist areas, just don\u27t develop it. Most housewives who have tried small businesses eventually close their businesses. If housewives have clear and systematic financial management and sales bookkeeping skills, then the side business of selling souvenirs that have been carried out so far is expected to run more smoothly and develop. The Master of Applied Economics at the University of Bengkulu conducted Community Service (PKM) activities in Pasar Bengkulu Village, Sungai Serut District, Bengkulu in the period July-November 2021. This PKM succeeded in attracting the interest of 30 activity participants to start implementing financial planning patterns and making business reports so that financial households are getting better and better
Penguatan Santripreneur melalui Pemberdayaan Ekonomi di Lingkungan Pondok Pesantren
Get PDFOne of the factors that can support the realization of economic independence in Islamic boarding schools is the Santripreneur program. Al Islahuddiny Islamic Boarding School is one of the boarding schools that facilitates the development of santripreneur as a driver of economic activity in the Islamic boarding school environment. As a form of facilitation for the focus of developing the santripreneur, this community service activity was carried out. The method used in this community service activity is starting with the implementation of a focus group discussion (FGD) in order to formulate the root of the problem and needs and followed by entrepreneurship training by utilizing used goods as items of sale value. The economic empowerment activities of Islamic boarding schools carried out at the Al Islahuddiny Islamic Boarding School have been able to foster the spirit of innovation and creativity of students, while the student involved in this training came from 5 different units, ranging from Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), Madrasah Aliyah (MA) to High Schools. Da’wah Science (STID). Student entrepreneurship training has encouraged the growth of the creation of handmade products that are processed in such a way from the results of recycling plastic waste