HAL Clermont Université
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Measuring short-range correlations and quasi-elastic cross sections in A(e,e') at x>1 and modest Q
No full textInternational audienceWe present results from the Jefferson Lab E08-014 experiment, investigating short-range correlations (SRC) through measurements of absolute inclusive quasi-elastic cross sections and their ratios. This study utilized 3.356 GeV electrons scattered off targets including H, He, He, C, Ca, and Ca, at modest momentum transfers () did not yield a clear plateau; instead, the data diverged from the predicted 3N-SRC behavior as momentum transfer increased. However, when analyzed in terms of the struck nucleon's light-cone momentum, the data exhibited the opposite trend, progressively approaching the predicted 3N-SRC plateau. These observations suggest that future measurements at higher energies may facilitate a definitive isolation and identification of 3N-SRCs
Explainable classification of astronomical uncertain time series
No full textInternational audienceExploring the expansion history of the universe, understanding its evolutionary stages, and predicting its future evolution are important goals in astrophysics. Today, machine learning tools are used to help achieving these goals by analyzing transient sources, which are modeled as uncertain time series. Although black-box methods achieve appreciable performance, existing interpretable time series methods failed to obtain acceptable performance for this type of data. Furthermore, data uncertainty is rarely taken into account in these methods. In this work, we propose an uncertaintyaware subsequence based model which achieves a classification comparable to that of state-of-the-art methods. Unlike conformal learning which estimates model uncertainty on predictions, our method takes data uncertainty as additional input. Moreover, our approach is explainable-by-design, giving domain experts the ability to inspect the model and explain its predictions. The explainability of the proposed method has also the potential to inspire new developments in theoretical astrophysics modeling by suggesting important subsequences which depict details of light curve shapes. The dataset, the source code of our experiment, and the results are made available on a public repository
Exclusive four pion photoproduction in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
No full textInternational audienceThe intense photon fluxes from relativistic nuclei provide an opportunity to study photonuclear interactions in ultraperipheral collisions. The measurement of coherently photoproduced final states in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at TeV is presented for the first time. The cross section, d/d, times the branching ratio () is found to be mb in the rapidity interval . The invariant mass distribution is not well described with a single Breit-Wigner resonance. The production of two interfering resonances, and , provides a good description of the data. The values of the masses () and widths () of the resonances extracted from the fit are MeV/, MeV/, MeV/ and MeV/, respectively. The measured cross sections times the branching ratios are compared to recent theoretical predictions
Marcela de Juan 黄玛赛: A Eurasian Woman’s Perspective on 20th Century China
No full textInternational audienceMarcela de Juan, whose Chinese name is Huang Masai 黄玛赛, was born in Havana in 1905 to a Chinese father and a Belgian mother. She first lived in Madrid until the age of eight, and then in Beijing until she was twenty-three. She eventually returned to Madrid, where she pursued a career as a translator and dedicated her life to bringing Chinese literature and culture to the Spanish public.In 1977, she published her memoirs, La China que ayer viví y la China que hoy entreví, which reflect on her dual experience of Beijing – first during her childhood and adolescence, and then, on her reunion with China forty-seven years later. This work is doubly comparative, as it contrasts not only two cultures, by bringing Spanish and Chinese customs into dialogue, but also two visions of China, each corresponding to pivotal moments, such as the birth of the Chinese republic or the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution. Although this autobiography was republished in 2021, it remains neglected in the field of research. The aim of this essay is to explore Marcela de Juan’s unique vision of a constantly evolving China, which she sought to bring to the attention of the Spanish public. Spanning the 20th century, Marcela de Juan offers a privileged perspective on China’s political history and daily life, shaped by her dual Spanish and Chinese identity. Furthermore, her autobiography gives a voice to Eurasian women, bearing witness for the first time to anti-Eurasian racism in Spain. To this end, she offers a translinguistic and transcultural style of writing, which transcends boundaries and interweaves Chinese into the Spanish language. This essay therefore analyzes the Sino-Hispanic synergies in Marcela de Juan’s autobiographical work, highlighting her role as a cultural go-between from East to West
Ergonomics/human factors and the future of work: A global systems perspective
No full textInternational audienceIn a webinar series hosted by the International Ergonomics Association, the Future of Work Committee of the International Ergonomics Association gathered inputs about the future of work from ergonomics/human factors (E/HF) experts representing different regions around the world. Through these insights, four global megatrends relevant to E/HF driving the future of work were identified: labour-market supply; work informality; technology; and climate change. Next, we applied an E/HF systems approach, using causal loop diagrams, to explore the unfolding interrelationships between these megatrends at a global level and with a national level example to determine what novel insights can be uncovered using systems analysis. We demonstrate the power of E/HF systems thinking that can enable national E/HF societies and regional think-tanks to move beyond a siloed approach to megatrends. We conclude with some high-level suggestions for E/HF to consider in order to meet the future of work challenges
L’écriture de l’histoire des théâtres lyriques parisiens entre 1847 et 1913
No full textInternational audienceNineteenth-century Parisian musical life was closely followed by the press throughout Europe. A particular category of writings were the monographs in French devoted to the history of the main Parisian lyric theatres, such as the Opéra, the Opéra-Comique and the Théâtre-Italien. The aim of this article is to offer a comparative analysis of twenty of these works published between 1847 and 1913 by Solié, Castil-Blaze, Véron, de Lasalle, Thurner, Nuitter, Royer, Fouque, d’Heylli, Malherbe, Soubies, Pougin and Huret. This study examines the professional activities of these authors, their links with the theatre industry, the nature of their sources, and the choice and hierarchy of subjects. The first two parts of this article consist of a comparative presentation of the twenty works in the corpus and their authors. The third part is devoted to the internal organisation of the works and the fourth to the gradual transition from musicographer to musicologist.Au XIXe siècle, la vie musicale parisienne est attentivement suivie par la presse généraliste ou spécialisée à l’échelle européenne. Une catégorie particulière d’écrits est constituée par les monographies en français consacrées à l’histoire des principaux théâtres lyriques parisiens, tels que l’Opéra, l’Opéra-Comique, le Théâtre-Italien ou le Théâtre-Lyrique. L’objet de cet article est de proposer une analyse comparée d’une vingtaine de ces ouvrages publiés entre 1847 et 1913 par Solié, Castil-Blaze, Véron, de Lasalle, Thurner, Nuitter, Royer, Fouque, d’Heylli, Malherbe, Soubies, Pougin et Huret. Cette étude interroge les activités professionnelles de ces auteurs, leurs liens avec l’industrie théâtrale, la nature de leurs sources, le choix et la hiérarchie des sujets. Les deux premières parties de cet article consistent en une présentation comparative des vingt ouvrages du corpus et de leurs auteurs. La troisième partie est consacrée à l’organisation interne des ouvrages et la quatrième au passage progressif du musicographe au musicologue
TCT-based monitoring of LGAD radiation hardness for ATLAS-HGTD production
No full textInternational audienceProduction of the High Granularity Timing Detector for the ATLAS experiment at High Luminosity LHC requires over 21000 silicon sensors based on Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) technology. Their radiation hardness is monitored as a part of the production quality control. Dedicated test structures from each wafer are irradiated with neutrons and a fast and comprehensive characterization is required. We introduce a new test method based on Transient Current Technique (TCT) performed in the interface region of two LGAD devices. The measurement enables extraction of numerous sensor performance parameters, such as LGAD gain layer depletion voltage, LGAD gain dependence on bias voltage, sensor leakage current and effective interpad distance. Complementary capacitance-voltage measurements and charge collection measurements with 90Sr on the same samples have been performed to calibrate the TCT results in terms of charge collection and define acceptance criteria for wafer radiation hardness in the ATLAS-HGTD project
Proposition d’un guide réflexif pour la construction de démarche d’innovation collective dans les filières agroalimentaires: Document de travail
No full textLes sciences économiques et de gestion s’accordent à définir tout système d’innovation comme un réseau d’acteurs qui interagissent pour le développement d’une innovation grâce à la mobilisation de ressources (financières, humaines et matérielles) et au sein de règles d’action partagées. Quatre dimension clés structurent la performance de tout système d’innovation : la pertinence et cohérence des acteurs en présence ; l’intensité des interactions les liant ; les règles d’action collective (ie. régles du jeu) qui déterminent leur capacité à agir (on distingue souvent les institutions formelles et plus informelles liées aux routines et croyances) ; les ressources leur permettant d’agir (dénommés aussi infrastructures matérielles et non-matérielles). Analyser chacune de ces dimensions est reconnu comme trop complexe. C’est pourquoi il est plus simple de partir d’une catégorisation d’actions concrètement réalisées par les acteurs afin d’évaluer leur capacité d’innovation. Ce guide propose une catégorisation en 8 fonctions-clés pour évaluer et accompagner la performance des filières agroalimentaires à innover : entrepreneuriat, construction de marchés, mobilisation de ressources, extension du réseau, gouvernance et coordination, accroissement de la notoriété, développement et diffusion des connaissances, direction du changement. Le guide permet d’aborder chacune de ces fonctions au travers d’un ensemble de questions pour guider la réflexion d’une stratégie d’innovation pour tout opérateur des filières
Metabarcoding and metagenomic data across aquatic environmental gradients along the coasts of France and Chile
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Coastal marine environments, such as lagoons, fjords or estuaries, experience pronounced environmental variability, with fluctuations in salinity, temperature and nutrient levels shaping microbial community structure and function. These gradients result in diverse habitats, which may harbour taxonomic and genetic novelty with biogeochemical and biotechnological relevance. To explore microbial diversity and functional potential across these dynamic ecosystems, we sampled 26 sites along the coasts of France and Chile, including lagoons, estuaries, fjords, harbours, as well as coastal and offshore marine sites. Surface waters were collected from all sites, with deeper layers included at three sites. Monthly sampling at six sites in France enabled the assessment of seasonal dynamics. In total, 116 samples were processed for both metabarcoding and metagenomic sequencing yielding over 53,000 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 1,372 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). This dataset further includes a comprehensive gene catalogue and environmental variables such as salinity, temperature, nutrient concentrations, productivity, as well as oxygen consumption metrics collected across the different ecosystems
