HAL Clermont Université
Not a member yet
90968 research outputs found
Sort by
RDF Query Answering in the Presence of Access Restrictions
No full textNote: also informally presented at BDA 2025International audienceIn this work, we explore algorithms for answering conjunctive RDF queries in the presence of RDFS ontologies and access control. We consider an access control setting where by default all users have access to the complete graph, and a restriction can forbid user a user's access to specific IRIs. Here, restricting for user u the access to an IRI i entails that: no answer to a query by u may contain the IRI i; no triple containing i can be used to compute an answer for a query by i, nor to entail such a triple via reasoning with the ontology. We present a set of query answering algorithms for this novel context, and prove that five among them are correct, i.e., sound and complete, with respect to both the ontology and the access restrictions in place. We have implemented all our algorithms and present experiments comparing their performance.Note: also informally presented at BDA 202
Ten Common Misconceptions About Galaxy (and Why They Are Wrong!)
No full textGalaxy is a widely used open-source platform for accessible, reproducible, transparent, and scalable data analysis in the life sciences and beyond. Despite its growing adoption across domains, several misconceptions persist about its scope, usability, scalability, and relevance to academia and industry. In this manuscript, we identify and address ten common misconceptions about Galaxy, ranging from the belief that it is limited to genomics, lacks scalability, or is only useful for teaching, to doubts about its ability to support secure data analysis or maintain high software quality as a free and open-source project. We refute each misconception with present evidence based on Galaxy’s technical features, real-world use cases, user communities, and governance structures. We show that Galaxy is a mature and versatile platform capable of supporting cutting-edge scientific research, education, and even clinical workflows across a wide variety of disciplines. By clarifying existing misconceptions, we aim to help researchers, educators, developers, and decision-makers better appreciate Galaxy’s capabilities and potential within their fields
"Affaire “Jean Pormanove” – Kick", interview télévisée
No full textInterview télévisée en direct, France Info, le 21/08/2025 à 15h (10')
Optimization of freezing and thawing protocols for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation through thermophysical characterisation of freezing medium by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
No full textInternational audienceAim: To perform an extensive thermodynamic characterisation of the most commonly and successfully used freezing medium for ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to optimize freezing and thawing protocols.Methods: Leibovitz-L15 medium with 4 mg/mL HSA, 1.5M DMSO and 0.1M sucrose was used as freezing medium. Its thermodynamic properties were obtained using a differential scanning calorimeter (DiamondDSC, PerkinElmer): crystallization temperature (Tc), end-of-melting temperature (Tm), and transition temperature (Tg’1). A freezing and a thawing protocol were developed according to these parameters. To evaluate the post-thawing human ovarian tissue quality and functionality, we used our pericystic ovarian tissue model (three patients, <37 years, no ovulatory disorder). Tissues were evaluated fresh, immediately after thawing, and after 7 days of organotypic culture, by analysing the stage and morphology of ovarian follicles (HES staining).Results: The following thermodynamic properties were obtained for the freezing medium and used to set up a freezing and a thawing protocol: -20.31°C (±3.37°C) for Tc, -4.11°C (± 0.49°C) for Tm and -120.49°C (±0.41°C) for Tg'1. The freezing protocol was performed in a programmable freezer (NanoDigitCool, Cryo Bio System). The following ramps were chosen: sample introduction: 5 min at +4°C, 1°C/min up to -7°C, seeding: 60°C/min up to -32°C in order to reach up Tc (-20.31°C), and 10°C/min up to -15°C, 0.3°C/min up to -40°C, 10°C/min up to -140°C (Fig. 1A). For the thawing protocol, we selected a 2.5-min step in a cold chamber to reach slowly Tg'1, limiting thermal and mechanical shocks, and then a 2-min incubation at 37°C to quickly reach Tm (Fig. 1B). To validate these protocols, a total of 782 follicles from fresh tissues and 392 from frozen/thawed tissues were analysed. At Day 0, follicle stage distribution was similar between fresh and frozen/thawed tissues, with a majority of primordial and intermediate follicles. After 7 days of culture a clear decrease in the percentage of reserve follicles was observed between D0 and D7 in both fresh (14.20% vs 2.93%, p=0.000 for primordial follicles and 69.67% vs 31.49%, p=0.002 for intermediate follicles) and frozen-thawed tissue (16.85% vs 2.91%, p=0.021 for primordial follicles). Concomitantly, an increase in the percentage of growing follicles (mainly primary follicles) was observed between D0 and D7 in fresh tissue (8.92% vs 57.61%, p=0.000) and a tendency in frozen-thawed tissue (22.45% vs 47.65% p=0.052).Conclusions: Thawed ovarian tissues maintained a quality comparable to fresh tissue with evidence of follicle activation post-thawing. These findings support the development of an optimized OTC protocol for clinical use, improving fertility preservation for women
“As long as the waters run, as long as the grass grows.” The land-based resistance and resurgence of Oklahoma’s tribal nations: a creative (re)appropriation of Indian Territory.
No full textInternational audienceOklahoma, formerly known as Indian Territory, is home of thirty-nine federally-recognized tribes, most of them deported there in the 19th century to clear the path for the colonizer. Upon arrival and despite great hardship, these groups reterritorialized rather successfully, but due to White settlement, the lands which they had been promised would be theirs forever were later dismantled, while their cultures were crushed by assimilationist policies, and before their institutions were finally dissolved with the creation of the State of Oklahoma in 1907. Relying on their own values and ability to adapt and forge new ways, these nations have displayed their specific yet typically Native capacity to culturally appropriate their new lands. For Joshua Nelson (Cherokee), “home is a movable center”; identities can be imagined “as being located in values and practices, which relate to place […], [and] places can be resanctified” . Furthermore, through an ironic reversal of the dominant group’s weapons, and after two major albeit defeated attempts in 1875 and 1905 , several tribes have recently seized the opportunity of a judicial case to claim back sovereignty on their old territories. Indeed, in 2020 the US Supreme Court’s McGirt decision stated that the reservations of the five large eastern tribes (and those of four other smaller nations) had never been disestablished – nearly half the state’s surface, a legal and political tsunami. The fallouts of this decision are evidently complex and challenging in terms of implications, implementation and reception – “McGirt is not an end, but a beginning” . As Rennard Strickland (Osage, Cherokee) wrote, "[t]o this day, this Native dream of an Indian state remains a key to both tribal and Oklahoma history"
"Legal and International Context: Law and Disorder"
No full textInternational audienceEstablishing an appropriate legal framework for human missions to Mars is not as grand a challenge as dealing with the technical, scientific, and human aspects. A strong basis is already provided by the 1967 Outer Space Treaty (OST). The OST stipulates, in brief, that each state is responsible for authorizing and controlling space activities within its jurisdiction. It also sets rules based on cooperation, mutual assistance, and environmental protection to maintain the peaceful nature of space activities. Further, it states that outer space, including Mars, cannot be claimed by any nation. One challenge will therefore lie in developing innovative public–private partnerships and time-limited concessions for resource exploitation in space. Another will be to establish local law and governance systems to deal with matters which cannot be controlled from Earth. Finally, if Martian territories eventually became independent, interplanetary agreements would be needed to ensure peaceful relations with Earth and preserve the mutual interests of generations to come
Sources de stress des internes en médecine générale de Clermont-Ferrand : enquête qualitative par entretiens individuels
No full textCONTEXTE : le stress au travail est en augmentation dans les professions médicales et touche particulièrement les internes en médecine. L’internat en médecine générale est une étape importante dans la formation des futurs médecins et est marqué par une charge de travail et des responsabilités croissantes. Cette situation conduit à un risque accru de syndrome d’épuisement professionnel et peut altérer la qualité des soins.OBJECTIF : identifier les sources de stress des internes de médecine générale de Clermont-Ferrand et déterminer les stratégies pour limiter le stress mises en place par les internes. MÉTHODE : étude qualitative par 15 entretiens semi-dirigés d’internes en médecine générale de Clermont-Ferrand réalisés de mars à novembre 2024. Une analyse inspirée de la théorisation ancrée a été conduite par deux investigateurs indépendants. La théorie issue de nos données a été modélisée par un schéma intégratif.RÉSULTATS : à Clermont-Ferrand, les internes en médecine générale rapportaient de multiples sources de stress. Les différents stages étaient une source majeure de stress avec une charge de travail importante et une pression liée aux responsabilités. Le manque d’encadrement parfois rencontré limitait l’apprentissage et l’intégration professionnelle. Le choix des stages, les travaux universitaires pour constituer leur portfolio, les enseignements que les internes ne jugeaient pas toujours adaptées à leurs besoins étaient des facteurs de stress universitaires rapportés. Le changement de statut entre la vie étudiante et la vie professionnelle, les conditions de vie changeantes au gré des stages ne favorisaient pas un équilibre entre la vie professionnelle et la vie personnelle et pouvait être à l’origine d’un sentiment d’isolement. Confrontés à la réalité du métier, les internes pouvaient ressentir une désillusion et une perte de sens dans leur travail accentuant leur stress. Différentes stratégies étaient utilisées par les internes pour limiter leur stress : garder des moments d’évasion avec des activités extra-professionnelles ou un soutien psychologique, séparer vie professionnelle et personnelle, favoriser le lien social et changer de regard à travers l’expérience en étant organisé, en prenant confiance et en se projetant.CONCLUSION : les internes en médecine générale étaient soumis à de multiples sources de stress notamment en stage mais aussi à l’université et dans leur vie personnelle. Pour y remédier, les internes mettaient en place des stratégies d’appel à l’aide et d’organisation personnelle pour favoriser leur bien-être