226280 research outputs found
Sort by
Commenter les stratagèmes dans l’œuvre de Rabelais, entre rhétorique et art militaire
No full textInternational audienceCommenter les stratagèmes dans l'oeuvre de Rabelais, entre rhétorique et art militaireRabelais aurait écrit un ouvrage latin nommé Stratagemata… Domini de Langeio, militis, in principio tertii belli Caesarei, ou dans sa traduction française, Stratagemes, c'est-à-dire proüesses, et ruses de guerre du preux et trescelebre chevalier Langey au commencement de la tierce guerre Cesariana 1un livre consacré, comme son titre l'indique, à Guillaume Du Bellay, seigneur de Langey, alors le protecteur de Rabelais 2 . Publié à Lyon chez Sébastien Gryphe, vers 1539 pour les Stratagemata et 1542 pour les Stratagèmes, l'ouvrage est aujourd'hui introuvable et l'on n'a aucune preuve tangible de son existenceseulement des indices textuels, suffisamment remarquables, cependant, pour que la recherche récente en ait très amplement rendu compte 3 . Mon but est ici d'explorer, dans les romans de Rabelais, la dimension rhétorique de la notion a priori spécifique à l'art militaire de stratagème, en m'inspirant de la méthodologie adoptée par Benoît Sans lors d'une communication sur les stratagèmes chez les historiens anciens 4 . Il s'agit ici de rapprocher le stratagème de la notion de « pseudo-argument » pensée par Chaïm Perelman. Stratagèmes et pseudo-arguments : de Frontin à PerelmanFrontin (I er siècle ap. J.-C.), dans ses Stratagemata, définit l'ouvrage comme des commentarii, soit des notes 5 sur les « faits habiles des chefs de guerre » (solertia ducum facta), qui s'ajoutent à un ouvrage aujourd'hui perdu sur l'art de la guerre :[…] deberi adhuc institutae arbitror operae, ut solertia ducum facta, quae a Graecis una στρατηγημάτων appellatione comprehensa sunt, expeditis amplectar commentariis. Ita enim consilii quoque et providentiae exemplis succincti duces erunt, unde illis excogitandi generandique similia facultas nutriatur ; praeterea continget, ne de eventu trepidet inventionis suae, qui probatis eam experimentis comparabit 6 .</div
Euclid: Improving redshift distribution reconstruction using a deep-to-wide transfer function
No full textInternational audienceThe Euclid mission seeks to understand the Universe expansion history and the nature of dark energy, which requires a very accurate estimate of redshift distribution. Achieving this accuracy relies on reference samples with spectroscopic redshifts, together with a procedure to match them to survey sources for which only photometric redshifts are available. One important source of systematic uncertainty is the mismatch in photometric properties between galaxies in the Euclid survey and the reference objects. We develop a method to degrade the photometry of objects with deep photometry to match the properties of any shallower survey in the multi-band photometric space, preserving all the correlations between the fluxes and their uncertainties. We compare our transfer method with more demanding image-based methods, such as Balrog from the Dark Energy Survey Collaboration. According to metrics, our method outperforms Balrog. We implement it in the redshift distribution reconstruction, based on the self-organising map approach of arXiv:1509.03318, and test it using a realistic sample from the Euclid Flagship Simulation. We find that the key ingredient is to ensure that the reference objects are distributed in the colour space the same way as the wide-survey objects, which can be efficiently achieved with our transfer method. In our best implementation, the mean redshift biases are consistently reduced across the tomographic bins, bringing a significant fraction of them within the Euclid accuracy requirements in all tomographic bins. Equally importantly, the tests allow us to pinpoint which step in the calibration pipeline has the strongest impact on achieving the required accuracy. Our approach also reproduces the overall redshift distributions, which are crucial for applications such as angular clustering
Responsabilité sociale et développement durable pour un modèle d’école supérieure tournée vers l’avenir
No full textModerate-length lifted quantum Tanner codes
No full textWe introduce new families of quantum Tanner codes, a class of quantum codes that first appeared in the work of Leverrier and Zémor [LZ22]. These codes are built from two classical Tanner codes, for which the underlying graphs are extracted from coverings of 2D geometrical complexes, and the local linear codes are tensor-products of cyclic or double-circulant linear codes. The advantage of code lifting is that, for any lift of odd index t of an [[n, k, d]]-code, we can adapt the study of the transfer homomorphism arising in cellular homology to describe symmetries of its logical operators and to establish that its dimension is lower bounded by k, and its distance is upper bounded by t • d. Moreover, when the dimension of the lifted code is equal to k, its distance is lower bounded by d. These parameter bounds also apply to the previous methods of code lifting [Gue25]. Finally, We present several explicit families, and identify instances of moderate length quantum codes which are degenerate, have low check weight, and whose distance surpasses the square root of the code length. Among them, we report the existence of a [[96, 2, 12]]-code whose distance growth saturates our bound, and for which half of the checks are of weight 8 and the other half of weight 4
Electrically-driven antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition in PbZrO3 thin films studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction
No full textInternational audienceElectric-field-induced phase transitions are the most important characteristics of antiferroelectric materials furnishing them with rich functional properties. While they are actively studied for their potential applications such as high-strain transducers or electrocaloric devices, the applied electric field needed to reach the polar phase makes structural studies throughout the full transition of uttermost importance. Here, the evolution of both structure and strain in antiferroelectric PbZrO3 thin films was investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction during electrical actuation up to 700 kV/cm applied DC electric field. The ferroelectric phase, characterized by its polar order and resulting piezoelectric activity, was found to nucleate at an electric field of 200 kV/cm and to disappear below 160 kV/cm, showing a hysteretic behavior. The variation of the different Bragg peaks widths of antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases revealed the variation of strain distributions in the thin film where antiferroelectric and polar regions coexist during the phase transformation. In addition, the effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient of the ferroelectric phase itself, which remains not accessible by classical macroscopic interferometric measurements, was determined for the first time and reaches a value of 67 pm/V, quite significant for a thin film clamped on a substrate. These findings provide a clearer understanding of the dynamics of the electric-field-induced phase transition in antiferroelectric PbZrO3 thin film
Automated integration of time-control in pseudo-polychromatic monitoring strategy for complex thin-film filters
No full textPrecise optical monitoring of the layer thickness is crucial for the fabrication of complex error-sensitive thin-film filters. In this study, we extend a previously developed pseudo-polychromatic monitoring algorithm by integrating automatically placed timecontrolled layers. While time-based monitoring is often applied empirically for convenience, we highlight its positive impact on the performance of the pseudo-polychromatic approach. Concerning automated selection of time-control, several configurations were tested on three multi-bandpass filter designs. Results show that hybrid strategies can reduce equivalent random thickness errors by more than 0.1-0.2 nm, compared to purely optical approaches Although results are specific to our monitoring scheme, this work opens the door for broader analytical studies on the influence of time-controlled layers across a range of commonly used optical monitoring techniques.</div
Advanced digital techniques applied to outcrop models: Integrating Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to support stratigraphic and sedimentological interpretation of reservoir analogs in the Salta Basin, Argentina
No full textInternational audienc
Transports - Notion de voyageur; CJUE, 13 nov. 2025, aff. C-445/24, MS Amlin Insurance SE c/ (W)onderwer VZW
No full textInternational audienceUne association à but non lucratif, qui a conclu un contrat de voyage à forfait, en son nom mais pour le compte de ses membres est un voyageur au sens de la directive voyages à forfaitLa notion autonome de voyageur soit être interprétée largemen