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Trajectoire de l'agroécologie tropicale vers une économie régénérative : Enjeux de coopération et de préservation
No full textTagungsbericht über die 5e Rencontre Genre en Germ‘ an der Université Lorraine vom 16.-17. Januar 2025
No full textQuantitative mapping of methionine sensitivity to oxidation in the copper-bound PcuC chaperone
No full textCopper is typically coordinated by histidine, cysteine, or methionine in proteins, and these residues are particularly sensitive to oxidation. However, it remains unclear whether copper-coordinating residues are more prone to oxidation than non-coordinating ones, and how their susceptibility changes between the apo and copper-bound states. The copper chaperone PcuC, important for cytochrome c oxidase assembly in bacteria, contains a canonical binding site composed of two histidines and two methionines (H51x n M63x 22 H86xM88), as well as a disordered C-terminal extension enriched in methionine and histidine. To quantify methionine oxidation sensitivity in both apo- and Cu-bound PcuC, we used a methionine-specific oxaziridine probe combined with mass spectrometry and compared labeling patterns to those generated by 18 O-labeled hydrogen peroxide. We show that methionine residues display distinct oxidation sensitivities in the apoprotein, and that the oxaziridine reacts similarly to H 2 18 O 2 . Importantly, this probe enables quantification of methionine oxidation independently of hydroxyl radicals generated by copper-driven Fenton chemistry, which lacks residue specificity. In the copper-bound form, Cu binding strongly alters methionine reactivity, with a marked increase in oxidation of the coordinating Met63 and Met88. Structural analysis revealed that two copper ions occupy the canonical site, while the C-terminal extension does not contribute to coordination. Comparison of structural features and oxidation values showed that methionine sensitivity correlates with solvent exposure in the folded domain, but with local positive charge in the disordered region. These findings demonstrate that copper coordination modulates methionine oxidation, and that oxaziridine-based probes provide powerful tools for mapping oxidation sensitivity in (metallo)proteins
Protection temporaire et accès à la protection subsidiaire; CJUE, 13 nov. 2025, aff. C-525/23, Oti
No full textInternational audienceSi la « directive protection temporaire » ne vise que l’accès à la procédure d’asile cela comprend la protection subsidiaire Les bénéficiaires du régime de protection temporaire doivent avoir le droit de demander la protection subsidiair
Transports ferroviaires - Gestionnaire de l’infrastructure, CJUE, 13 nov. 2025, aff. C-250/24, Commission c/ Espagne
No full textInternational audienceLa disposition légale conférant ministère des transports le pouvoir de nomination et de révocation des membres du conseil d’administration ne permet pas, en soi, de déduire l’existence d’un pouvoir discrétionnaire de nomination et de révocationLa charge de la preuve du manquement incombe à la Commissio
Increasing prevalence of warm monomictic lakes in France over six decades under climate change
No full textInternational audienceThis study utilized temperature simulations from the Ottosson-Kettle-Prats Lake Model and a modified Lewis classification to analyze temporal changes in mixing-regime dynamics, temperature, density gradients, and meteorological indicators in 170 French lakes between 1959 and 1988 and 1989-2019. In the initial period, 55%, 30% and 15% of lakes were classified as warm monomictic, polymictic and dimictic respectively, with 57% of lakes experiencing anomalous regimes. Notably, 6% of the lakes, all at low altitudes (< 800 m a.s.l.) and located in central and north-eastern France shifted from dimictic to warm monomictic between the two periods, representing 77% of all low-altitude dimictic lakes. In 1989-2019, these lakes experienced a warmer climate with annual air temperatures increasing by an average of 0.19 °C/dec across all lakes, with an annual epilimnion warming averaging 0.25 °C/dec compared to 0.2 °C/dec for non-shifting lakes. Additionally, they became more stable and had the greatest density gradient change, averaging 0.07 kg/m³ between 1989 and 2019 and 1959-1988. In contrast, high-altitude lakes remained dimictic, showing an annual epilimnion warming averaging 0.19 °C/dec and a particular winter solar radiation decrease averaging -6.96 W/m 2 /dec in 1989-2019. Further, they did not show significant changes in average density gradients between the two periods. Our findings provide new insights into the mixing-regime dynamics of French lakes over the past six decades. This research is crucial for understanding the ecological impacts of physical alterations and for guiding management strategies under climate change. In the future, we expect less mixing in dimictic lakes, especially those at low altitudes
Platinum and Rare Earth Elements distribution in costal sediments from French western Mediterranean Sea
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents the first assessment of Technological Critical Elements (TCE), specifically platinum (Pt) and rare earth elements (REE), in coastal sediments along the French western Mediterranean Sea. These trace elements, increasingly used in advanced technologies, raise particular concerns due to their potential environmental impact. Surface sediment samples were collected from 21 stations along the French Mediterranean coast (from Spain border to Italy including Corsica Island) to evaluate TCE concentrations and identify potential sources. Most of the REE concentrations fell within expected natural levels and were mainly influenced by the geological characteristics of local watersheds, indicating a dominant geogenic origin. When normalized to European Shale, REE distribution patterns exhibited convex shapes, typical of coastal environments. In contrast, localized Pt enrichment were detected at specific sites, particularly in port areas, which could be linked to anthropogenic emissions from vehicular catalytic converters. These results highlight platinum as a relevant emerging contaminant in urban coastal environments. However, unexpected REE and Pt concentrations at the mouth of the Hérault river call for further investigation. This study highlights the importance of integrating geological background and anthropogenic pressures in coastal sediment quality assessments and supports the inclusion of TCE in long -term environmental monitoring programs in the Mediterranean Sea
À Terre libérée : une dystopie glocale
No full textInternational audienceAujourd’hui le retour à la terre est recherché comme une panacée qui nous délivrerait des maux de l’urbanité, de la pollution et de l’anthropocène. En s’immergeant dans la terre chacun espère encore aujourd’hui1 libérer la terre de l’exploitation de l’anthropocène trouverait dans les communs2 une nouvelle expérience durable. Elever3 en respectant les cycles de la nature est rendu complexe dans le contexte : la perturbation globale des cycles de la nature par la pollution et le changement climatique est plus important encore aujourd’hui mais existe déjà dans la critique au début du XXe siècle que nous décrivons ici. 4 Andruchiw A., 2025, Voir son assiette comme un outil de lutte, pour une déviandisation de nos usage (...)2Ce lien entre critique de l’industrialisation par l’anthropocène et recherche de solution contre le carnivorisme4 implique une « déviandisation » : celle-ci est moins une privation qu’une nouvelle économie végétaliste de la terre. La libération pourrait être globale par le renversement du capitalisme mais aussi, comme nous le démontrons ici, par une modification des modes de vie, de production, de l’habitat et d’alimentation.3Cette libération de la terre du modèle industriel la construction de colonie agricole alternative aura commencé dans les causes anarchistes. Plutôt que de détruire par la violence politique, nous cherchons ici à décrire la dystopie végétarienne de Terre Libérée. Puissions nous libérer la terre
The Online Data Filter for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescopes
No full textInternational audienceThe KM3NeT research infrastructure comprises two neutrino telescopes located in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea, namely ORCA and ARCA. KM3NeT/ORCA is designed for the measurement of neutrino properties and KM3NeT/ARCA for the detection of high\nobreakdashes-energy neutrinos from the cosmos. Neutrinos are indirectly detected using three\nobreakdashes-dimensional arrays of photo\nobreakdashes-sensors which detect the Cherenkov light that is produced when relativistic charged particles emerge from a neutrino interaction. The analogue pulses from the photo\nobreakdashes-sensors are digitised offshore and all digital data are sent to a station on shore where they are processed in real time using a farm of commodity servers and custom software. In this paper, the design and performance of the software that is used to filter the data are presented. The performance of the data filter is evaluated in terms of its purity, capacity and efficiency. The purity is measured by a comparison of the event rate caused by muons produced by cosmic ray interactions in the Earth's atmosphere with the event rate caused by the background from decays of radioactive elements in the sea water and bioluminescence. The capacity is measured by the minimal number of servers that is needed to sustain the rate of incoming data. The efficiency is measured by the effective volumes of the sensor arrays
The High Voltage Splitter board for the JUNO SPMT system
No full textInternational audienceThe Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) in southern China is designed to study neutrinos from nuclear reactors and natural sources to address fundamental questions in neutrino physics. Achieving its goals requires continuous operation over a 20-year period. The small photomultiplier tube (small PMT or SPMT) system is a subsystem within the experiment composed of 25600 3-inch PMTs and their associated readout electronics. The High Voltage Splitter (HVS) is the first board on the readout chain of the SPMT system and services the PMTs by providing high voltage for biasing and by decoupling the generated physics signal from the high-voltage bias for readout, which is then fed to the front-end board. The necessity to handle high voltage, manage a large channel count, and operate stably for 20 years imposes significant constraints on the physical design of the HVS. This paper serves as a comprehensive documentation of the HVS board: its role in the SPMT readout system, the challenges in its design, performance and reliability metrics, and the methods employed for production and quality control