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Association Between Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cognitive Performances in Individuals With Bipolar Disorders: Cross‐Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the FACE ‐ BD Cohort
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BD); however, studies are limited by small sample sizes or cross-sectional design. Our objective is to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between MetS and cognitive performances in a large cohort of individuals with BD.Methods: 1175 individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BD were included from the FACE-BD cohort, assessed with a standardized battery of clinical and neuropsychological tests and followed up with a cognitive retest at 2 years for a subsample (n = 367). A global cognitive index was created by using a Principal Component Analysis. Associations between MetS and cognitive performances at baseline were explored using multiple analyses of covariance and linear mixed models were used for longitudinal data.Results: The prevalence of MetS was 21.5% in this sample. Multivariable analyses identified associations between MetS and poorer cognitive performance in the cross-sectional analysis, independently of age, gender, education level, psychotropic treatments, and comorbidities. Specifically, individuals with MetS showed poorer results (global cognitive index, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, and verbal memory). After adjustment, the longitudinal analysis showed no change in the global cognitive index at year 2 and no time × metabolic syndrome interaction.Conclusions: Our results suggest that MetS is cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally, associated with poorer cognitive performances in BD. This study highlights the importance of systematically and accurately screening for metabolic abnormalities in individuals with BD, and screening for cognitive deficit especially in individuals with MetS. Our results suggest that MetS is not a risk factor for cognitive decline during the follow-up, but further longitudinal studies are required
A Logic-based Algorithmic Meta-Theorem for Treedepth: Single Exponential FPT Time and Polynomial Space
No full textAccepted at SODA 2026, it will be published soon.International audienc
La Part de l'Œil, n° 40, Dossier : Le Geste et la Figure — Michel Guérin, l'affectivité de la pensée
No full textInternational audienc
No impact of black-eye symptom on foraging behaviour and reproductive success of Northern gannets following highly pathogenic avian influenza
No full textInternational audienceHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) is currently causing major wild animal population crashes all over the world including Antarctica. Yet, there are important knowledge gaps on the implications of long-lasting symptoms for the ecology of surviving individuals and the conservation of their populations. Using GPS tracking devices and long-term demographic data, we examined the effects of HPAIV on a seabird population of Northern gannets (Morus bassanus) in the colony of Rouzic, France. One year after the HPAIV outbreak of 2022, the breeding gannet population declined by 38 % and 22.3 % of surviving breeders were zombie birds: they had darkened irises, a black-eye symptom indicative of past infection to HPAIV. Importantly, we demonstrate that black eyes were not associated with detectable differences in the foraging behaviour and habitat use of surviving breeding gannets. Compared to years prior to the outbreak, the foraging effort of breeding individuals was lower and breeding success was higher, aligning with Ashmole's halo hypothesis, which posits that smaller seabird populations face lower intra-specific competition for food in the vicinity of their breeding colony and thereby, have a reduced foraging range. Our results highlight the importance of density-dependant mechanisms in population responses to sudden mass-mortalities, but raise conservation concerns, especially for species facing cumulative threats. In the long-term, locally depleted populations may reach critical thresholds where individual abundance and productivity may not be sufficient to maintain a positive demographic growth rate, ultimately leading to local population extinctions
Parler des discriminations : conditions facilitantes et freins
No full textInternational audienceAlthough the number of studies on discrimination experiences and, more recently, on individuals' reactions to these experiences has increased over the last two decades, few studies have focused on what makes individuals talk or not about their experience(s), particularly in a context of minimising ethno-racial discrimination. The question raised in this article is thus: what are the relevant elements, i.e. the "ingredients", linked to the life course, the characteristics of the experience, the contexts and the situations, that can help to say or not to say the experience of discrimination? The article is based on qualitative interviews conducted with young adults belonging to so-called "visible" minorities, mainly students. The article highlights the importance of proof, the seriousness of the act, the legitimating body and the mastery of vocabulary as conditions for the enunciation of the discriminatory experience, as well as the role played by homophily in the choice of people to whom it is possible to talk about it, without risking the accusation of paranoia. It is also because discrimination necessarily implies an act, that the word "racism" is more easily mobilized to speak about the experiences of stigmatization lived in everyday life. Finally, being born in France exposes one more to the feeling of discrimination and, at different times in one's life, one's parents' attitude towards France can also contribute to concealing these feelings.Aunque en las dos últimas décadas han proliferado los trabajos sobre experiencias de discriminación y, más recientemente, sobre las reacciones de las personas ante estas experiencias, son menos los estudios que han analizado qué hace que las personas hablen o no de sus experiencias, especialmente en un contexto en el que la discriminación etnorracial es políticamente invisible. Este artículo examina los elementos relevantes, es decir, los "ingredientes", relacionados con los antecedentes, las características de la experiencia, los contextos y las situaciones, que pueden hacer que la experiencia discriminatoria sea descriptible o indecible. Basándose en un estudio de entrevistas con jóvenes adultos pertenecientes a minorías denominadas "visibles", la mayoría de ellos estudiantes, este artículo destaca la importancia de las pruebas, la gravedad del acto, la autoridad legitimadora y el dominio del vocabulario como condiciones para hablar de la experiencia discriminatoria, así como el papel que desempeña la homofilia en la elección de las personas con las que es posible hablar de ella, sin arriesgarse a la acusación de paranoia. También porque la discriminación implica necesariamente un acto, la palabra "racismo" se utiliza más fácilmente para hablar de experiencias de estigmatización en la vida cotidiana. Por último, haber nacido en Francia aumenta las probabilidades de sentirse discriminado en distintos momentos de la vida, y la actitud de los padres hacia Francia también puede contribuir a ocultar estos sentimientos.Si les travaux sur les expériences de discriminations et, plus récemment, sur les réactions des individus face à ces expériences se sont multipliés durant les deux dernières décennies, plus rares sont ceux qui se sont intéressés à ce qui fait que les individus vont parler ou non de leurs expériences, d’autant plus dans un contexte d’invisibilisation politique des discriminations ethno-raciales. Cet article examine les éléments pertinents, c’est-à-dire les « ingrédients », liés au parcours, aux caractéristiques de l’expérience, aux contextes et aux situations, pouvant rendre dicible ou indicible l’expérience discriminatoire. S’appuyant sur une enquête par entretiens menés auprès de jeunes adultes appartenant à des minorités dites « visibles », étudiant·es pour la plupart, cet article met en évidence l’importance de la preuve, de la gravité de l’acte, de l’instance de légitimation et de la maîtrise du vocabulaire comme conditions à l’énonciation de l’expérience discriminante, ainsi que le rôle joué par l’homophilie dans le choix des personnes auxquelles il est possible d’en parler, sans risquer l’accusation de paranoïa. C’est aussi parce que la discrimination implique nécessairement un acte, que le mot « racisme » est plus facilement mobilisé pour parler des expériences de stigmatisation vécues au quotidien. Enfin, être né en France expose davantage aux ressentis des discriminations, à différents moments du parcours, la posture des parents vis-à-vis de la France peut également participer à taire ces ressentis
Elucidating conduction regimes and Joule heating performance in carbon-cement composites modified with acetylene black
No full textInternational audienceDeveloping multifunctional, self-heating cementitious composites is a key strategy for creating sustainable infrastructure and mitigating the environmental damage caused by de-icing salts. We fabricated composites using Portland cement and high-structure acetylene black as a conductive nanofiller (0–7 wt%) and analyzed their performance through systematic thermo-electric measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and a two-regime percolation model. The results demonstrate a percolation threshold () at approximately 2.5 wt% AB, above which the electrical conductivity increases by eight orders of magnitude to nearly 1 S/m. Our analysis reveals a distinct microstructural transition from a rapid-onset percolation regime (low exponent ) to a complex network consolidation regime (higher exponent ). In Joule heating tests, the composites achieved a maximum temperature increase () of approximately 50 °C. Crucially, the maximum temperature gain plateaus at filler concentrations above 5 wt%, revealing a complex, non-linear relationship between electrical conductivity and steady-state thermal output. A quantitative comparison with literature benchmarks reveals that the AB-based composite possesses a remarkably high intrinsic heating efficiency, orders of magnitude greater than other carbon-based systems. This work provides a quantitative framework that directly links filler content, microstructure, and multifunctional performance in cement-nanocarbon composites, offering a basis for optimizing these materials to achieve both rapid heating and energy efficiency for practical applications
Professionnels des transformations pédagogiques dans l'enseignement supérieur : contexte, enjeux, perspectives
No full textInternational audienc
Innovative Inclusive Practice in a school setting An Oral Language Education Workshop for Non-Verbal and Minimally Verbal Autistic Children Aged 6 to 11 Years Old
No full textInternational audienc
Interactions between ionizing radiation and Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae on the honeybee, Apis mellifera L.
No full textInternational audienceThe global decline of honeybee colonies represents a major ecological concern, primarily attributed to simultaneous exposure to multiple stressors. These include biotic pressures, such as parasitic infections, and abiotic pressures, such as exposure to ionizing radiation, which remains poorly understood. Assessing their combined effects provides novel insights into how biological and radiological stressors interact within the organism. Here, we investigated the individual and combined effects of Vairimorpha ceranae (formerly Nosema ceranae) infection and chronic gamma irradiation (14 µGy/h or 14 × 10³ µGy/h) on honeybee health. Measurements included survival, syrup consumption, spore load, and biomarkers related to energy metabolism, antioxidant defenses, immunity, detoxification, and neural enzyme activity. Two successive experiments, conducted at different collection periods, allowed us to account for biological variability between bee cohorts. Infection by V. ceranae caused high mortality and major impairments in metabolic, antioxidant, and immune functions. Ionizing radiation induced more moderate effects, characterized by redox imbalance and reduced detoxification capacity, which varied with dose rate. Under combined exposure, the two stressors produced mainly antagonistic interactions affecting antioxidant, immune, and detoxification systems. However, a synergistic effect was observed on ATP production, suggesting an energetic compensation mechanism. These findings highlight complex physiological disturbances, revealing the multifactorial vulnerability of honeybees and emphasizing the need to integrate interactions between multiple stressors and natural biological variability into ecotoxicological assessments
Kinematic lensing with high-resolution spectroscopic surveys. A unique opportunity for transformative cosmology at high redshifts in the 2040s
No full textInternational audienceWe present a science case to perform high-redshift cosmic shear surveys for cosmology with next-generation spectroscopic instruments, such as the proposed MegaMapper and Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope. We argue that by using the novel technique called 'kinematic lensing' (KL) it will be possible to obtain shear catalogues at redshifts between 2 and 5. We show that the signal-to-noise ratio of KL at such high redshifts is on average twice as much that expected from current weak lensing (WL) surveys such as Euclid or LSST, and several times that of the previous generation of WL surveys like DES and KiDS, even with very conservative assumptions about the fraction of spectroscopically-detected sources for which KL shear estimates will be available. This will allow cosmologists to perform joint galaxy clustering-cosmic shear analyses over unprecedented cosmic volumes and to probe the growth of structures deep in the matter-dominated era and across the onset of dark-energy domination, offering a unique opportunity to unveil the mystery of cosmic acceleration