Hal - Université Grenoble Alpes
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Interval estimation for continuous-time linear switched systems via ellipsoidal analysis
No full textInternational audienceThis paper proposes a two-step interval estimation approach for continuous-time linear switched systems with unknown but bounded uncertainties. First, a robust observer design method is proposed to obtain point estimation and attenuate the effects of the system uncertainties. Second, based on a system split method, an ellipsoidal analysis method is introduced to provide the smallest enclosures of the estimation error. By merging the interval evaluation of the estimation error with the point estimate provided by the robust observer, the proposed method allows one to obtain a tight interval estimation of the actual state vector with less restrictive and simple design conditions. The proposed method solves the interval estimation problem for switched systems in two cases: switched systems under an arbitrary switching signal and switched systems under an average dwell time switching condition. In terms of accuracy, comparison studies show that the proposed method outperforms some existing methods in the literature
Arbitrary laser frequency modulation algorithm based on iterative on-the-fly deconvolution
No full textInternational audienceI present a general laser modulation control algorithm. I implement the LIDAR frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) scheme as a special case of study. My proposal applies to any arbitrary modulation pattern and is based on an iterative algorithm that infers the laser transfer function in order to perform on-the-fly deconvolution. I present an experimental proof-of-principle using an external-cavity diode laser, the accuracy of which I analyze by comparing the obtained frequency response with a targeted modulation pattern. In addition to the FMCW scheme, I am also testing square wave modulations, which are more demanding in terms of bandwidth
Politicizing edible insects. A mediatized identity politics
No full textInternational audienceSince 2020, the issue of edible insects —whose consumption is authorized in many countries— has acquired notable centrality within the agricultural and nutritional policies of several nation-states. Their innovative character, positive environmental impact, and potential to address the global protein shortage are frequently emphasized in progressive and academic discourse. However, the promotion of edible insects has also emerged as a field of political controversy. Certain radical populist movements around the world have articulated this issue as a symbol of “wokeness”, “globalization”, and “tolerance”, and have actively opposed its public legitimation. In this article, we analyze these discursive strategies on the basis of a corpus of media publications from nine countries. Drawing on discourse analysis grounded in the model developed by Laclau and Mouffe, we argue that radical right groups exploit the issue of edible insects as a tool of identity politics. The elements of this identity politics are relatively consistent and can be identified across different parts of the world, including the discourse of U.S. Trumpists, Hungarian populists, and Italian far-right forces
Neoantigenic properties of TP53 variants influence cancer risk in individuals with Li-Fraumeni syndrome
No full textInternational audienceBackground Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a heterogenous cancer predisposition condition caused by pathogenic TP53 variants, characterised by a lifelong high risk of a broad spectrum of cancers. Certain pathogenic TP53 variants have been shown be immunogenic in a somatic context. Whether neoantigenicity contributes to LFS heterogeneity is unknown. In this study we analysed the correlations between predicted neoantigenic properties of pathogenic TP53 missense variants and LFS phenotypes. MethodsMHC-I presentation scores were generated for the set of nonameric neo-peptides surrounding each TP53 missense variant against 145 different HLA-I using NetMHCpan 4.1 and the Allele Frequency Net Database. A predicted neoantigenic score (PNS) was calculated for each variant. Association study was performed between PNS, LFS presentation and individual HLA-I genotyping, in individuals carrying TP53 germline pathogenic variants using data from mutation databases and clinical registries. Genotype-phenotype data were leveraged from the public TP53 database (germline dataset, n = 3446; https://tp53.isb-cgc.org/) and two independent LFS clinical registries (n = 339). Individual correlations between HLA-I genotyping, TP53 missense variants and phenotypes were investigated in a group of 173 subjects with LFS. Findings Among individuals with frequent TP53 pathogenic variants, PNS was strongly correlated with median age at first cancer (range 18-43 years, R = 0.69, p = 0.0132). Compared to individuals with low PNS (<1) variants, those with high PNS (<1) variants showed delayed median age at first diagnosis (34 years vs. 25 years, p = 0.0009), fewer sarcomas (osteosarcoma [RR 0.29, p = 0.02]; soft-tissue [RR 0.41, p = 0.02]), and more cancer types typically not associated with LFS spectrum [RR 1.61, p = 0.02]. Interpretation MHC-I neoantigenic properties of TP53 variants are associated with differences in cancer risk and spectrum in individuals with pathogenic TP53 variants, suggesting that individual variant-specific immune response could contribute to the heterogenous presentation of LFS
Editorial: Community series in recent advances in potential biomarkers for rheumatic diseases and in cell-based therapies in the management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, volume III
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Caractère administratif du contrat conclu en application de l’article L. 3112-1 du CGPPP (obs. sous T. confl., 8 déc. 2025, Cne de Saint-Sever, n° 4362)
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RECORD: A Simple, Low-cost, Open-source IMU-based Tool for the Diagnosis of Body Schema Distortions
No full textInternational audienceObjective: In the psychology community, there is currently no standardized framework for assessing body schema distortions, either in research or clinical practice. To address this gap, we propose RECORD (RECOnfiguRing the Assessment of the boDy in motion), a cost-effective clinical tool designed to assess shoulder rotation as patient walks towards doorways. Methods and procedures: RECORD utilizes a single wireless pod, featuring an inertial measurement unit (IMU), placed on the acromion, which is adequate for measuring shoulder rotation. Our approach uses quaternion-based algorithm for robustness. We provide a comparison with gold-standard motion capture system, along with performance metrics and benchmark testing. Results: The system has demonstrated a constant accuracy of 1.39 • within the task range, regardless of the distance or movement performed by the subject. Conclusion: The device is adapted for assessing shoulder rotation in clinical practice and in psychological research contexts. The source files of the RECORD device hardware, algorithms and software codes are available on the open-source GitHub RECORD repository to enable accessibility, as well as future contributions to benefit the community. Clinical impact: This tool can enhance routine diagnosis by improving patient comfort, simplifying test implementation in clinical practice, and speeding up the analysis of psychological assessment results.</div
Byzantine compositions in Renaissance brushstrokes: the survival of maniera greca in Early-Modern pictorial practice
No full textInternational audienceWhat happened to Byzantine art, or maniera greca, during the Italian Renaissance? For Vasari it vanished completely after being replaced with the beautiful “new” art generated by Cimabue, Giotto and Duccio. This fundamental idea, which has been borrowed ever since, still stands as the corner-stone of Early-Modern Art History. It was designed at a time when the Medici wanted to proclaim their city as the art-centre of the world and when Vasari was no less than their court painter. For this reason, Vasari’s ideas do not always reveal the historical realia of his time. Rather, they serve as an ideological discourse showing the triumph of Florentine and Western art over Byzantine tradition. However flattering, this discourse is of course hugely exaggerated. Yes: Renaissance Florence did become a new “cultural Constantinople”. But this did not mean that Byzantine ideas, books and icons went out of trade or fashion. On the contrary, it was precisely Byzantine intellectuals fleeing the Ottomans who brought in Italy the Greek texts that fuelled Renaissance thought and connected once more Western Europe to the ancient Hellenic world. At the same time, the fall of Constantinople in 1453 was accompanied by a massive transfer of artworks from East to the West, where Greek mosaic and tempera icons integrated the prestigious collections of pope Pius II, Lorenzo the Magnificent and cardinal Bessarion. Our communication will show that Renaissance painters were still immensely indebted to these Byzantine models. Consciously or most likely unconsciously, they borrowed Byzantine compositions and visual language, and sometimes developed styles similar to those of contemporary Eastern iconographers. Our inquiry will focus on possible parallels between Early-Modern Italian and Late-Byzantine artworks examining whether their compositions are variations on the same early Christian models, or whether they can considered be considered as an expression of a Pan-European Renaissance “air de temps” – a world of cultural exchange that transcended linguistic, political and theological boundaries
Towards the Quantification of the Interfacial Toughness Through Buckle Propagation in Controlled Thickness Gradient
No full textWe present a novel approach for evaluating interfacial toughness in thin film–substrate systems by analyzing the propagation of straight-sided buckles in films with a well-controlled thickness gradient. Experimentally, buckles initiate in thicker regions under compressive stress and arrest consistently as the thickness decreases, where the available elastic energy is no longer sufficient to drive further delamination. This arrest mechanism is reproduced through finite element simulations incorporating a cohesive zone model. Analysis of the mode-mixity angle indicates predominantly mode-I fracture at the buckle front and mode-II fracture at the lateral edges, promoting buckle propagation toward thinner regions of the gradient. Finally, we show that the film–substrate interfacial toughness can be quantified numerically by using the critical arrest thickness of the buckle as an energetic criterion
Contemporary neoadjuvant strategies for rectal cancer: The GRECCAR snapshot study
No full textInternational audienceAim Neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer has evolved markedly with the growing adoption of total neoadjuvant therapy ( TNT ), organ‐preservation strategies and selective omission of radiotherapy. Recent trials support risk‐based personalization, but its application in real‐world settings remains poorly documented. The aim was to describe current neoadjuvant treatment practices for mid‐low rectal cancer in French expert centres and identify tumour‐ and patient‐related factors influencing decisions. Method This observational study included patients with non‐metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma ≤10 cm from the anal verge, discussed in tumour boards (October 2022 to March 2023) across GRECCAR centres. Tumours were classified as early, intermediate‐risk or locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Neoadjuvant treatments were analysed according to tumour extension, location and age. Results Among 463 patients from 27 centres, the most frequent regimen was induction chemotherapy, mainly FOLFIRINOX, followed by long‐course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (65%). This approach was used in 51%, 66% and 71% of patients in the early, intermediate‐risk and LARC groups, respectively ( p = 0.0060). TNT was more frequently administered for low‐ than mid‐rectal cancers, especially in LARC (86% vs. 71%, p = 0.016). In patients >75 years, CRT + consolidation chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone were proportionally more frequent. Among the early rectal cancers, those treated with induction chemotherapy + CRT had more advanced features than those treated with CRT alone (cT3: 80% vs. 43%, cN+: 62% vs. 10%, tumour size: 3.4 vs. 2.3 cm; all p < 0.001). Conclusion TNT with induction chemotherapy is the predominant neoadjuvant approach in French expert centres. Tumour classification, location and patient age significantly influence treatment choices, reflecting a shift towards personalized context‐specific care