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A gripe na tempada 2019/2020
Get PDFNa semana epidemiolóxica 01/2020 acadouse o umbral que marca o inicio da onda epidémica da gripe, para a tempada 2019/20.
A información dispoñible ata o de agora amosa unha circulación maioritaria do virus gripal AH1N109pdm.
Disponse dunha web temática específica de gripe, onde pode consultarse a información actualizada sobre a actividade gripal e coberturas vacinais antigripais.En la semana epidemiológica 01/2020 se alcanzó el umbral que marca el inicio de la onda epidémica de la gripe para la temporada 2019/20. La información disponible hasta el momento muestra una circulación mayoritaria del virus gripal AH1N109pdm. Se dispone de una web temática específica de gripe donde se puede consultar la información actualizada sobre la actividad gripal y coberturas vacunales antigripales
Kopernio: vídeo tutorial
No full textVídeo tutorial de apoyo a los cursos en línea de Bibliosaúde que muestra cómo instalar y utilizar la extensión para navegadores KopernioVídeo titorial de apoio aos cursos en liña de Bibliosaúde que mostra como instalar e utilizar a extensión para navegadores Koperni
Crisis sanitaria causada por el COVID-19. Algunas consideraciones éticas
Get PDFLa pandemia por el coronavirus COVID-19 ha colocado al mundo en una situación de crisis de características extraordinarias en la historia reciente, en la que responsables políticos, responsables de la Administración Sanitaria, profesionales sanitarios y la ciudadanía, están teniendo que tomar decisiones rápidas y de gran calado en un contexto de gran incertidumbre. En este contexto excepcional, los hechos que se van produciendo y las decisiones que tratan de responder a ellos están generando multitud de conflictos éticos hoy y probablemente también en futuro
Resumo da memoria 2019 Área Sanitaria de Ferrol
No full textResumo da actividade asistencial, administrativa, docente e investigadora, así como da súa estruturaResumen de la actividad asistencial, administrativa, docente e investigadora, así como de su estructur
Programa galego de detección precoz do cancro colorrectal. Resultados 2013-2019
Get PDFDocumento do análise do Programa galego de detección precoz do cancro colorrectal, descripción do circuito organizativo do programa e principais resultados do período 2013-2019Documento con el análisis del Programa gallego de detección precoz del cáncer colorrectal, descripción del circuito organizativo del programa y principales resultados del período 2013-201
Inter-laboratory analytical improvement of succinylacetone and nitisinone quantification from dried blood spot samples
Get PDFBackground: Nitisinone is used to treat hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1) by preventing accumulation of toxic metabolites, including succinylacetone (SA). Accurate quantification of SA during newborn screening is essential, as is quantification of both SA and nitisinone for disease monitoring and optimization of treatment. Analysis of dried blood spots (DBS) rather than plasma samples is a convenient method, but interlaboratory differences and comparability of DBS to serum/plasma may be issues to consider. Methods: Eight laboratories with experience in newborn screening and/or monitoring of patients with HT-1 across Europe participated in this study to assess variability and improve SA and nitisinone concentration measurements from DBS by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Quantification of nitisinone from both DBS and plasma was performed to assess sample comparability. In addition, efforts to harmonize laboratory procedures of SA and nitisinone quantifications during 5 rounds of analysis are described. Results: Nitisinone levels measured from DBS and plasma strongly correlated (R (2) = 0.93). Due to partitioning of nitisinone to the plasma, levels were higher in plasma by a factor of 2.34. In the initial assessment of laboratory performance, all had linear calibrations of SA and nitisinone although there was large inter-laboratory variability in actual concentration measurements. Subsequent analytical rounds demonstrated markedly improved spread and precision over previous rounds, an outcome confirmed in a final re-test round. Conclusion: The study provides guidance for the determination of nitisinone and SA from DBS and the interpretation of results in the clinic. Inter-laboratory analytical harmonization was demonstrated through calibration improvements
A neural network for prediction of risk of nosocomial infection at intensive care units: a didactic preliminary model
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To propose a preliminary artificial intelligence model, based on artificial neural networks, for predicting the risk of nosocomial infection at intensive care units. METHODS: An artificial neural network is designed that employs supervised learning. The generation of the datasets was based on data derived from the Japanese Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system. It is studied how the Java Neural Network Simulator learns to categorize these patients to predict their risk of nosocomial infection. The simulations are performed with several backpropagation learning algorithms and with several groups of parameters, comparing their results through the sum of the squared errors and mean errors per pattern. RESULTS: The backpropagation with momentum algorithm showed better performance than the backpropagation algorithm. The performance improved with the xor. README file parameter values compared to the default parameters. There were no failures in the categorization of the patients into their risk of nosocomial infection. CONCLUSION: While this model is still based on a synthetic dataset, the excellent performance observed with a small number of patterns suggests that using higher numbers of variables and network layers to analyze larger volumes of data can create powerful artificial neural networks, potentially capable of precisely anticipating nosocomial infection at intensive care units. Using a real database during the simulations has the potential to realize the predictive ability of this model
Oral Bisphenol A Worsens Liver Immune-Metabolic and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by High-Fat Diet in Adult Mice: Cross-Talk between Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Pathway
Get PDFLines of evidence have shown the embryogenic and transgenerational impact of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, on immune-metabolic alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress, while BPA toxic effects in adult obese mice are still overlooked. Here, we evaluate BPA's worsening effect on several hepatic maladaptive processes associated to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. After 12 weeks HFD feeding, C57Bl/6J male mice were exposed daily to BPA (50 mug/kg per os) along with HFD for 3 weeks. Glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism were examined in serum and/or liver. Hepatic oxidative damage (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes), and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were evaluated. Moreover, liver damage progression and inflammatory/immune response were determined by histological and molecular analysis. BPA amplified HFD-induced alteration of key factors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, liver triglycerides accumulation, and worsened mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress and reducing antioxidant defense. The exacerbation by BPA of hepatic immune-metabolic dysfunction induced by HFD was shown by increased toll-like receptor-4 and its downstream pathways (i.e., NF-kB and NLRP3 inflammasome) amplifying inflammatory cytokine transcription and promoting fibrosis progression. This study evidences that BPA exposure represents an additional risk factor for the progression of fatty liver diseases strictly related to the cross-talk between oxidative stress and immune-metabolic impairment due to obesity
Effect of antiseptic gels in the microbiologic colonization of the suture threads after oral surgery
Get PDFThree different bioadhesive gels were evaluated in a double-blind randomized clinical trial in which microbial growth in the suture thread was assessed following post-surgical application of the aforementioned gels. Also assessed in this trial were, the intensity of post-surgical pain as well as the degree of healing of the patients' surgical wounds. A total of 21 patients (with 42 wisdom teeth) participated in this trial. Chlorhexidine gel, chlorhexidine-chitosan gel, and hyaluronic acid gel were evaluated, with a neutral water-based gel serving as the control agent. The aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacterial recovery on blood agar was lower in the placebo group than in the experimental groups. The most significant difference (p = 0.04) was observed in the chlorhexidine-chitosan group. in which the growth of Blood Agar and Mitis Salivarius Agar was significantly higher than in the placebo group. The intensity of post-surgical pain was very similar among all the groups. Significantly better healing rates were observed in the patients treated with chlorhexidine-chitosan gel when compared with those who used the placebo gel (p = 0.03), and in particular when compared with those patients who used hyaluronic acid gel (p = 0.01). Through our microbiological analyses, we were able to conclude that none of the bioadhesive gels tested resulted in beneficial reductions in the bacterial/fungal populations. However, the healing rates of patients who were treated with chlorhexidine-chitosan were better than those of the patients who used either the placebo gel or the hyaluronic acid gel
Clinical-Decision Criteria to Identify Recurrent Diabetic Macular Edema Patients Suitable for Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant Therapy (ILUVIEN (R)) and Follow-Up Considerations/Recommendations
Get PDFCurrent management of diabetic macular edema (DME) predominantly involves treatment with short-acting intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs) and/or corticosteroids; however, short-acting therapies (lasting between 1 and 6 months) require frequent injections to maintain efficacy, meaning a considerable treatment burden for diabetic patients with multiple comorbidities. Continuous injections needed in some cases are an economic burden for patients/healthcare system, so real-life clinical practice tends to adopt a reactive approach, ie, watch and wait for worsening symptoms, which consequently increases the risk of undertreatment and edema recurrence. On March 7th 2019, a group of experts in retinal medicine and surgery held a roundtable meeting in Madrid, Spain to discuss how to (1) optimize clinical outcomes through earlier use of fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant (ILUVIEN((R))) in patients with persistent or recurrent DME despite therapy; and, (2) to provide guidance to assist physicians in deciding which patients should be treated with ILUVIEN. In this regard, a 36-month follow-up consensus protocol is presented. In conclusion, patients that achieve a complete or partial anatomical, and preferably functional, response following one or two intravitreal dexamethasone implants, but with recurrence of edema after 3-4 months, are deemed by the authors most likely to benefit from ILUVIEN, and the switch to FAc implant should not be delayed more than 12 months after the initiation of at least the first dexamethasone implant