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Simulation numérique 3D de l’intensification des échanges thermo-fluidiques dans un micro-canal d’échangeur thermique par micro-structuration des surfaces d’échange.
No full textNational audience<div style=""><font face="arial, helvetica"><span style="font-size: 13px;">La micro-structuration des surfaces d’échange est une voie prometteuse pour assurer la densification des composants électroniques et des équipements énergétiques en intensifiant les échanges thermiques aux échelles micro- et millimétriques sans perdre en dissipation mécanique.</span></font></div><div style=""><font face="arial, helvetica"><span style="font-size: 13px;">L’exploration théorique et la simulation numérique 3D de l’intensification des échanges thermo-fluidiques des surfaces de micro-échangeurs par distribution de cuvettes et protubérances sphériques alternées ont été menées au laboratoire avec le code CFD Ansys Fluent.</span></font></div><div style=""><font face="arial, helvetica"><span style="font-size: 13px;">La variation des paramètres géométriques de micro-structuration a permis de montrer leur influence déterminante pour obtenir des facteurs de performance élevés par modification des écoulements.</span></font></div&g
You Sound a Little Tense: L2 Tailored Clear TTS Using Durational Vowel Properties
No full textInternational audienceWe present the first text-to-speech (TTS) system tailored to second language (L2) speakers. We use duration differences between American English tense (longer) and lax (shorter) vowels to create a “clarity mode” for Matcha-TTS. Our perception studies showed that French-L1, English-L2 listeners the participants had fewer (at least 9.15%) transcription errors when using our clarity mode, and found it more encouraging and respectful than overall slowed down speech. Remarkably, listeners were not aware of these effects: despite the decreased word error rate in clarity mode, listeners still believed that slowing all target words was the most intelligible, suggesting that actual intelligibility does not correlate with perceived intelligibility. Additionally, we found that Whisper-ASR did not use the same cues as L2 speakers to differentiate difficult vowels and is not sufficient to assess the intelligibility of TTS systems for these individuals. Index Terms: L2-tailored TTS, adaptive speech synthesis, L2 speech perception, accessible speech synthesis, clear speec
White light spectroscopy of ESKAPEE bacteria: optical properties, culture monitoring and determination of optimal wavelength optical density measurements
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EFFET DU TRAITEMENT DE MALAXAGE SUR LES PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES ET TRIBOLOGIQUES DES MÉTAUX
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Revisiting diagnostics: implementing Mucorales PCR on blood for early and accurate detection of mucormycosis in high-risk patients
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Benefit of splenectomy in distal pancreatectomy for neuroendocrine tumours: multicentre retrospective study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Distal pancreatectomy is frequently indicated for left-sided pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (NET). When combined lymphadenectomy is warranted, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) is generally advocated to optimize lymph node dissection. The spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) may represent an alternative approach. This study aimed to evaluate postoperative and oncological results of distal pancreatectomy with and without splenectomy for pancreatic NET.Methods: This multicentre retrospective study included all distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic NET performed between 2014 and 2018. Patients with functional NET or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 were excluded. Indications and results were compared between DPS, distal pancreatectomy according to Kimura (K-SPDP) and distal pancreatectomy according to Warshaw (W-SPDP), before and after propensity score matching (PSM).Results: Among 251 patients included (108 DPS (43%), 73 K-SPDP (29%), and 70 W-SPDP (28%)), there was no difference in terms of patients' characteristics, surgical approach, and conversion. Tumour size (P = 0.005), grade (P < 0.001) and the number of nodes analysed (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in patients undergoing K-SPDP as compared to W-SPDP or DPS. Apart from a difference in readmission rate (P = 0.002), there was no difference in terms of mortality rate or severe morbidity rate between the three techniques. After PSM comparing DPS (n = 70) and W-SPDP (n = 70), there was no difference in morbidity and mortality rates. R0 resection rate (91% versus 97%; P = 0.165), the number of nodes analysed (8 versus 7; P = 0.495), and median overall survival (P = 0.493) were not different.Conclusion: In cases of distal pancreatectomy for NET, splenectomy did not seem to improve lymph node dissection or survival. When lymph node dissection associated with distal pancreatectomy is justified, the benefit of splenectomy appears questionable
Fuzzy Logic-Based Control Strategy for the Coupling of a Fuel Cell and a Hydrogen-Metal Hydride Tank
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Damage Assessment of Polyamide-Based Woven Composites Using Multi-Directional Lamb Waves After Fatigue or Impact Loading
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents a novel experimental methodology designed to assess damage in woven glass fibers reinforced polyamide 6,6/6 composites, specifically subjected to low-velocity impact and cyclic tensile loading. Conventional ultrasonic testing techniques often fail to detect subtle material degradation, particularly when dealing with barely visible impact damage (BVID), which can go unnoticed but still significantly compromise structural integrity. In contrast, the proposed approach utilizes multi-directional ultrasonic Lamb wave analysis, a more advanced technique that offers greater sensitivity and precision in identifying damage at various stages of the composite’s lifespan. In this work, a damage indicator is defined based on the velocity profile of Lamb waves, which are sensitive to changes in material properties such as stiffness degradation. The Lamb wave-based methodology is rigorously validated through detailed comparisons with X-ray tomography. These comparisons reveal strong correlations between the two techniques, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed ultrasonic approach in detecting BVID. Moreover, the study demonstrates that this methodology is not only highly sensitive but also scalable, making it suitable for industrial applications where automated inspection of composite components is essential. The proposed method offers a significant advancement in non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques based on Lamb wave diagnostic tools in composite material testing
Retour au lac d'Issarlès : un premier bilan d'étape
No full textInternational audienceLe lac d'Issarlès, joyau touristique du volcanisme se situe dans le très haut bassin de la Loire, dans l'ancienne province du Vivarais. C'est le lac d'origine volcanique le plus profond de Franc
Rapport de conjoncture de la Section 17 "SYSTÈME SOLAIRE ET UNIVERS LOINTAIN" du Comité National de la Recherche Scientifique - Mandature 2021-2025
No full textCe rapport s'adresse à un lectorat non expert de la discipline Astrophysique, souhaitant avoir un aperçu de l'évolution de notre communauté de recherche au sein de CNRS INSU (Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, également appelé CNRS Terre & Univers) sur la période 2022-2024. Il présente un résumé thématique et méthodologique de nos activités, un panorama de la structuration actuelle de notre communauté, ainsi qu'un bilan des recrutements et des promotions. Il est fondé sur le travail de la section 17, lequel comprend les concours de recrutement, les recrutements contractuels RQTH, la carrière (évaluation, promotion, éméritat, demande de rattachement à la section ou de détachement de celle-ci, changement d'affectation et RIPEC C3) des personnels de recherche rattachés à la section 17 ; l'évaluation des structures rattachées à la section 17 ; les propositions pour les médailles d'argent et de bronze du CNRS ; les demandes d'accueil en délégation au CNRS ; les écoles thématiques