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Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of Talaromyces purpureogenus strain ISA502 isolated from maize rhizosphere
No full textInternational audienceWe present a telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of Talaromyces purpureogenus strain ISA502, isolated from the maize rhizosphere. The 30.33 Mb genome, assembled using hybrid sequencing, comprises 8 chromosomes with 99% BUSCO completeness, offering improved resolution over existing fragmented genomes and advancing studies on its ecological and biotechnological significance. KEYWORDS Talaromyces purpureogenus, genome, maizeT he rhizosphere hosts diverse fungi essential to nutrient cycling and plant health. Among these, Talaromyces purpureogenus stands out for its ability to produce bioactive metabolites such as antimicrobial compounds, pigments, and enzymes, making it highly relevant for agricultural and biotechnological applications (1, 2). Although six genome sequences of T. purpureogenus are publicly available, they remain fragmented (3), limiting structural resolution and downstream analyses. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome assembly of T. purpureogenus strain ISA502, representing a significant improvement over existing draft genomes.Strain ISA502 was isolated from the maize rhizosphere in Pavia, Italy (GPS: N 45.137293, E 8.776014) following the protocol of Barillot et al. (4). Briefly, rhizospheric soil was suspended in 0.9% NaCl solution, and dilutions of the suspension were plated on malt extract agar (MEA). Single mycelial colonies were subcultured on MEA, and strain purity was confirmed via single-spore isolation. Mycelial cultures were grown on MEA at 28°C (Fig. 1), and genomic DNA was extracted using the HiPure Universal DNA Kit D301 (Genepioneer Biotechnologies). A hybrid sequencing strategy was employed, combining Illumina short reads for base-level accuracy and Oxford Nanopore Technol ogies (ONT) long reads for resolving complex genomic structures. DNA libraries for Illumina sequencing were prepared using the VAHTS Universal DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina V3 ND607 (Vazyme). Sequencing was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform (PE150), yielding 19,028,384 reads and 5.71 Gb of data with an average depth of coverage of ~177×. Quality control, performed with fastp (v0.20.0) (5), removed adapter sequences, low-quality reads (Q5), and reads with over five ambiguous bases. For ONT sequencing, genomic DNA was purified using 0.4× magnetic beads to remove short fragments (<2 kb). Libraries were prepared with the SQK-LSK110 ligation kit and sequenced on a PromethION 48 system with R9.4.3 flow cells. The run yielded 419,591 reads totaling 4.95 Gb with a read N50 of 21,477 bp (~152× depth). Reads were basecalled with Guppy (hac) and filtered using Filtlong (v0.2.1) to remove low-quality or <1,000 bp reads. Assembly began with self-correction of ONT reads using Canu (v2.1.1) (6), followed by hybrid error correction using LoRDEC (v0.9) (7) with Illumina reads. Corrected long reads were assembled using NextDenovo (v2.5) (8). Misassemblies were identified and resolved manually by aligning ONT reads with minimap2 (v2.1) (9) and inspecting dot plots generated by MUMmer4 to assess synteny and structural inconsistencies. The genome was polished in three rounds using NextPolish (v1.4.0) (10)Month XXXX Volume 0 Issue 0 10.</div
Prognosis for loss-of-function versus hot-spot variants in RBM20-related cardiomyopathy
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A new definition of human health is needed to better implement One Health
No full textInternational audienceSince the COVID-19 pandemic, One Health approaches1 have revived attention to the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. However, human health is still predominantly viewed through the prism of disease affecting humans and related care activities, as illustrated by health expenditure and health regulation. This approach is now overly restrictive since interdependencies and holistic approaches are crucial for the prevention and preservation of human health, particularly in relation to interlinked climate, biodiversity, pollution, and health crises. We claim that redefining WHO's definition of human health will facilitate actual implementation of One Health approaches in the medical field, improve pandemic prevention, and reflect the many ways in which health determinants have evolved. Although the funding and very existence of WHO are under attack, with dramatic consequences on worldwide global health, WHO should seize the opportunity to change the definition of human health and thereby reinvent itself, showing its ability to evolve with the international context, base its recommendations and policies on updated science, and promote multilateralism and its values
L’évolution des législations régissant les IDE au Moyen Orient : la recherche d’un équilibre entre la souveraineté nationale et l’ouverture économique
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Analysis of local current density, temperature, and mechanical pressure distributions in an operating PEMFC under variable compression
No full textInternational audienceThis article investigates the impact of mechanical compression on local phenomena within an operating PEMFC with a large active area (225 cm2). It explores the distributions of current density, temperature, and mechanical pressure, building on previous global characterisations (cell voltage, polarisation curves, and EIS). The study finds that mechanical compression (0.35–1.55 MPa) enhances the uniformity of current density and temperature distribution, reducing the risk of hotspots that can impair PEMFC performance and durability. The spatial analysis reveals that this homogenisation effect is mainly due to improved pressure distribution with increased compression. The regions with higher mechanical pressure correlate with higher local current density and temperature, which improves performance by reducing ohmic resistance. However, excessive compression at high current density and relative humidity can lead to water management issues. Overall, the results support the positive effect of pressure homogenisation on PEMFC performance, as observed in previous studies
AI and Fan Fiction Creative Writing: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives
No full textInternational audienceThis study explores the intersection of creativity, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and education, with a focus on a graduate-level fan fiction writing course designed for non-specialists. As technology reshapes our world, education must adapt, and this research investigates how AI tools—such as text generators, error correction systems, and text-to-image technologies—can influence the creative writing process. Drawing insights from 20 students across various fields, the study examines how AI aids productivity and opens new creative avenues, while also raising questions about originality, ethics, and authorship. Central to this research is the didactic approach, which advocates for AI as a tool that enhances creativity rather than replacing critical thinking or artistic expression. By incorporating AI into the classroom, the study explores how educators can guide students in navigating both the potential and limitations of technology, ensuring it supports creativity while fostering independent thinking, ethical decision-making, and authentic self-expression. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that with a reflective teaching and learning approach, AI can be a powerful tool for creative exploration without compromising the core values of education
Effectiveness and Safety of a Second JAK Inhibitor in Ulcerative Colitis: The J2J Multicentre Study
No full textInternational audienceBackground While three Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have demonstrated efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC), scarce data exist regarding JAKi intraclass switching. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a second JAK inhibitor in UC. Methods This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort including patients with moderate to severe UC who received a second‐line of JAKi after failure or intolerance of a first. The primary outcome was steroid‐free clinical remission (SFCR) at Weeks 8–14, defined as a partial Mayo score of 2 or less with no individual sub‐score above 1. Results Among the 169 patients from 28 participating centres, 105 received upadacitinib, 54 filgotinib and 10 tofacitinib as a second‐line of JAKi. Overall, 81/169 achieved SFCR at Weeks 8–14: 58/105 with upadacitinib, 18/54 with filgotinib and 5/10 with tofacitinib ( p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, upadacitinib was independently associated with higher odds of SFCR than filgotinib (OR = 3.15, 95% CI [1.52–6.79]). With a median follow‐up duration of 96 days, drug persistence at 6 months was 72.8% with upadacitinib, 57.2% with filgotinib and 66.7% with tofacitinib ( p = 0.099). 24.3% of patients (41/169) experienced at least one adverse event leading to treatment withdrawal in 9 patients (5%). No cases of death, cancer, or major acute cardiovascular events were reported. Conclusion A second‐line of JAKi provided clinical remission in about half of patients after induction, and was well tolerated
Metacommunity models and empirical data reveal asymmetric network-constrained fish dispersal
No full textInternational audienceThis article relates to:Borthagaray, A. I., Teixeira de Mello, F., & Arim, M. (2025). Inferring riverscape dispersal processes from fish biodiversity patterns. Journal of Animal Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70033. Dispersal is one of the main determinants of biodiversity. Previous studies have pointed out that the diversity and composition of communities depend not only on dispersal rates, but also on the complex spatial networks formed by dispersal paths. However, going beyond this observation to infer a spatially explicit dispersal network for a particular system remains a challenge. Borthagaray et al. (2025) combined metacommunity models and empirical data from 58 fish communities to identify the most likely dispersal network in the large Negro River basin (Uruguay). They assessed the empirical support for alternative combinations of dispersal parameters (sources, (a)symmetry, distance decay, barriers). The best-supported combinations show that fish disperse asymmetrically along river branches; that is, dispersal is stronger downstream than upstream. Yet, the outlet remains an important source of upstream dispersers, even at large distances. Though they could not find evidence of any barrier effects of dams, this might be due to lagged responses to the induced fragmentation. By making the most of metacommunity models and empirical data, this study showcases an elegant way to infer complex dispersal patterns from empirical data, which could be advantageously replicated in other systems
Evaluating trace elements as a conservation concern for Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Switzerland
No full textInternational audienceThe Eurasian lynx, an endangered species in Switzerland, faces major threats including traffic collisions, illegal killing, and low genetic diversity. However, the impact of trace element (TE) exposure on its conservation remains poorly understood. As a top predator primarily feeding on game species, this felid can be exposed to non-essential TEs, including lead and mercury, which can be toxic even at low concentrations. In addition, overexposure to or deficiency of essential TEs such as copper or zinc can cause adverse health effects. To address this gap, we analysed liver samples from 122 individuals archived in the Swiss national health surveillance program by measuring the concentrations of eight TEs: four non-essential TEs (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury) and four essential TEs (copper, iron, selenium, and zinc). Concentrations were consistent with those reported in other free-ranging Lynx populations and remained below toxicity thresholds reported for mammals, while also being above deficiency levels for essential TEs. They varied with age for some TEs, but not with sex, time or environmental variables. Additionally, we used a body condition score to examine the relationship between TE concentrations and Eurasian lynx health. Lower body condition scores were associated with higher concentrations of both non-essential and essential TEs, likely reflecting poor health affecting TE accumulation rather than a direct toxic effect. Overall, our study suggests that the current TE exposure does not significantly threaten Eurasian lynx populations in Switzerland, providing new insights for conservation efforts and long-term health monitorin
Analysis of the potential of hemp fibres for load bearing composite reinforcement using classical field management techniques and carded route
No full textInternational audienceAn alternative route to the traditional scutching and hackling processes was tested to produce hemp fibres suitable for load bearing composites. A classical approach consisting of a succession of breaking roller and breaking card, was used. The morphology and mechanical properties of the fibres were characterised. The tensile properties after breaking card, extra finishing card and combing were comparable to those obtained from the traditional approach. This similarity may be attributed to the drawing process which serves to homogenise the fibre properties by mitigating the number and severity of structural defects. This, combined with the possibility of using a more flexible approach than scutching and hackling may present an opportunity to increase the European production of technical fibres for load bearing applications. This would satisfy industries seeking large quantities of high potential fibres, a demand that cannot be adequately met by the textile flax resources which are increasingly diverted to the garment industry