HAL - Université de Franche-Comté
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Organisation et présidence de la session virtuelle « Paul Claudel et les tourmentes de l’histoire »
No full textInternational audienc
Does the ecological transition pose a threat to the cultural worldview of the responsibilized consumer?: An exploration of social justice concerns within national sustainability policies.
No full textInternational audienceIn line with the European Green Deal, national governments across Europe have introduced a wide array of regulatory, incentive-based and facilitative measures to accelerate the ecological transition. These policies have substantial implications for household consumption. This research investigates how such national sustainability measures impact the cultural worldview of the responsibilised consumer—a central figure in neoliberal approaches to sustainability, defined by a moral agency oriented toward informed climate-friendly choices. While prior studies show that even environmentally concerned consumers can experience psychological and social tensions when adopting particular prescribed conduct, consumer research has rarely examined how individuals interpret ecological measures holistically and relate them to the broader cultural standards that underpin the value of individual conduct. In particular, moral concerns about social justice—despite their prominence in recent public debates and protest movements—remain understudied in marketing research on the ecological transition.Drawing on the theoretical lens of expectation violations, we examine whether the sustainability policy landscape, taken as a whole, may threaten the social stability of consumers’ worldviews, thereby generating cognitive dissonance and weakening identification with responsibilisation. We adopt an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. Study 1 consists of qualitative interviews in France (n = 43), which reveal that ecological transition policies are perceived as raising major social justice issues. These perceptions cluster around three types of threats to social stability: (1) technological inequalities affecting older or digitally excluded consumers; (2) territorial disparities in public infrastructure between urban and rural areas; and (3) income-based barriers to accessing green products. Building on these insights, Study 2 uses an online experiment (n = 300) to test the effects of a sustainability measure involving territorial inequalities. Results show that perceived threats to societal stability significantly mediate the relationship between the ecological measure which is associated with territorial inequalities and cognitive dissonance.This research extends the existing literature on consumer responsibilisation by shifting the focus from discrete consumption practices to consumers' justice-related interpretations of the ecological transition as a policy system. The study demonstrates the value of drawing on consumers' cultural worldviews to fully grasp the issues at stake in terms of the acceptability of transition measures. From a policy standpoint, the findings emphasise the necessity for more inclusive sustainability narratives and infrastructural strategies that acknowledge social and territorial inequalities. This is an essential condition for avoiding disidentification with ecological objectives and securing broader public support for the transition
Faire l'histoire des activités physiques et sportives par les archives : Quelle place donnée au corps ?
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Adult male patients with DKC1 mutations present early-onset pulmonary fibrosis and severe prognosis
No full textInternational audienceBackground Mutations in telomere-related genes (TRGs) are the main cause of monogenic familial pulmonary fibrosis. Dyskerin, encoded by the X-localised gene DKC1 , is involved in telomere maintenance. Methods This retrospective study aimed to further characterise the pulmonary phenotype of DKC1 -deficient patients with pulmonary fibrosis identified between 2010 and 2025 in our laboratory. Results We reported eight, as yet undescribed, to our knowledge, probands affected by pulmonary fibrosis associated with X-linked DKC1 deficiency. The median age at interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnosis was 47 years. Four had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, two unclassifiable fibrosis, one idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and one unknown. All patients displayed ectodermal abnormalities (premature hair greying, nail dystrophies, reticulated hyper- or hypopigmentation, tooth abnormalities and oral leukoplasia). Haematological abnormalities were found in four patients. Seven patients died during follow-up and one patient received a transplant. Median survival after ILD diagnosis was 22 months (range 3–81 months). Conclusions Compared with patients with pulmonary fibrosis associated with other TRG variants, those with pulmonary fibrosis associated with X-linked recessive DKC1 variants are younger and have a shorter survival time. Early identification and referral of these patients to an expert transplantation centre should be considered
Multicenter Analysis of General presentations and Imaging features in Cerebral MUCORmycosis (MAGICMUCOR): towards different entities
No full textInternational audienceCentral nervous system mucormycosis (CNS-M) is a severe disease with difficult and often delayed diagnosis, leading to high mortality. The aim of this new study was to assess clinical and radiological presentation according to underlying conditions and dissemination routes, to optimize diagnostic strategies. We conducted a retrospective national study including 54 CNS-M cases diagnosed between 2005 and 2020, with brain imaging reviewed by two neuroradiologists. CNS-M resulted from presumed hematogenous dissemination in 29 patients (54%) and from direct extension in 25 (46%), known as rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). No neurological symptoms were found in 10/54 (19%), regardless of dissemination route. Hematogenous CNS-M mainly affected highly immunocompromised (HM or SOT) patients (90%), including 43% neutropenic. Radiology showed abscesses (87%) and small vessel disease (39%). In ROCM, two patterns emerged depending on osteolysis (19/25, 76%) or its absence (6/25, 24%). ROCM without bone lysis, mostly in severely immunosuppressed patients, caused meningitis without abscess, whereas osteolytic ROCM led to abscess formation (11/18, 60%). Without osteolysis, perineural spread along the optic nerve occurred in 2/3 cases. Serum Mucorales PCR was positive in 91% of hematogenous and 64% of ROCM cases. Fungal co-infections occurred in 26%. This study underscores distinct invasion patterns and the need for extensive workup in CNS-M, highlighting the diagnostic value of MRI with gadolinium and serum Mucorales qPCR based on dissemination route and underlying condition. MRI is particularly useful in ROCM for detecting meningitis (80%), large vessel disease (30%), and perineural involvement (8%)
Understory plant indicator values poorly perform at monitoring temporal changes in French forest soil chemical properties
No full textInternational audienceUnderstory plant communities are widely used to infer soil conditions through species indicator values (IVs), scores reflecting species’ ecological preferences for factors such as soil acidity, moisture, or nutrient levels. While their reliability to describe soil conditions along spatial gradients is well established, their ability to capture temporal changes in soil chemistry remains largely untested at both temporal and geographical scales. We combined 26 years of vegetation monitoring with two French national soil surveys (1993–1997; 2007–2012) across 102 permanent forest plots to assess the reliability of community soil indices (CSIs) as bioindicators of soil pH, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), and extractable phosphorus. CSIs were computed by averaging species IVs for each plot and survey. Temporal dynamics of measured soil properties and CSIs were analyzed using mixed-effects models at the national scale, while local trends were estimated separately for each plot to directly compare measured and vegetation-inferred changes. CSIs showed strong spatial correlations with measured pH and C/N, but weaker relationships for phosphorus. In contrast, no significant coupling was found between temporal changes in CSIs and measured soil parameters, with frequent mismatches in both direction and magnitude at the plot level. Measured soil dynamics were mainly driven by initial edaphic conditions and stand age, whereas CSI dynamics responded primarily to canopy openness and anthropogenic disturbances such tree harvesting. These findings confirm the value of IVs for spatial bioindication but highlight their limited sensitivity for detecting long-term soil changes, especially where soil changes remain modest
Synthesis and structural characterization of β-phosphonated thiosemicarbazones: Investigation of their Z/E interconversion by NMR and DFT computing
No full textInternational audienceThis work aims to present the synthesis of thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) bearing a Ph2P(=O)CH2- moiety, a yet unknown subclass of TSCs, along with their crystal structures and the Z/E interconversion occurring in solution. For this purpose, eight new phosphonated thiosemicarbazones Ph2P(=O)CH2{C=N-NH(C=S)-NH-R}CH3 (4a R = Ph; 4b R = p-FC6H4; 4c R = p-ClC6H4; 4d R = 3,5-Me2C6H3; 4e R = 2,5-(MeO)2C6H3; 4f R = CH2C6H5; 4g R = C6H11; 4h R = CH2-CHdouble bondCH2) were prepared by nucleophilic addition of β-phosphonated hydrazone Ph2P(=O)CH2(C=N-H2)CH3 2 across various aromatic and aliphatic isothiocyanates R-N=C=S. The synthesis of 4 is accompanied by competing formation of the phosphonated azine Ph2P(=O)CH2{C(Me)=N-N=C(Me)}CH2P(=O)Ph2 3 and of bis(N-arylthioureas) or bis(N-alkylhexylthioureas) 5, lowering the overall yield of 4. All products were characterized by multinuclear NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and UV–vis spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy of 4 at variable temperature indicates the coexistence of E and Z-isomers in solution with respect to the relative position of the substituents around the hydrazonic –C=N–NH- array. Several crystal structure determinations by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) reveal that in the solid state exclusively the E isomer is present, except for 4e which adopts a Z configuration due to an intramolecular C-O···H-N and P=O···H-N hydrogen bonding. For all derivatives, also an intramolecular N-H···N bonding is evidenced. The individual molecules of 4a, 4b, 4d, 4f, 4g and 4h are associated by strong intermolecular P=O···H-N hydrogen bonding in form of supramolecular macrocyclic dimers or 1D chains. These secondary interactions were further examined by a Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4f. For a comparison of the experimental SC-XRD parameters with the theoretical calculated ones and the preferred configuration, DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6–311+G (d, p) level were performed both in solution and in the gas phase. A computing of the Intrinsic Reaction Coordinates (IRC) revealed that the E-isomer of 4a is energetically more stable than the Z-isomer, since there is less steric crowding
Agile Laser Wavelength Tuning Using Dynamic Targeting
No full textInternational audienceTunable lasers are essential and versatile tools in photonics, with applications including telecommunications, spectroscopy, and sensing. Advancements have aimed to precisely control the lasing wavelength, expand tuning ranges, suppress mode hopping, and enable photonic integration. In this work, we explore the adaptation of dynamic targeting, a technique originally developed to stabilize lasers under optical feedback, as a method for achieving agile, fast, and continuous wavelength tuning. This technique works by adjusting the feedback rate and phase, enabling a stable and controlled frequency shift. We experimentally demonstrate reliable and reproducible tuning over 2.1 GHz using a free-space optical setup. Simulations further suggest that this approach could extend the tuning range to tens of GHz, with a potential scan speed exceeding 10 17 Hz/s. These results highlight dynamic targeting as a promising route toward agile frequency control in semiconductor lasers for photonic integrated circuits
Brain size reduction in dogs was already established at least by the Late Neolithic of western Europe, 5,000 years ago
No full textThe timing and causes of brain size reduction in domestic dogs remain uncertain. Using endocast's volume as a proxy for brain size, this study provides a first insight into long-term brain size evolution in the wolf-dog lineage. We compared endocranial volumes of 185 modern and 22 prehistoric wolves and dogs ranging from Western Europe to Australia, and spanning the Pleniglacial (35 Ky BP) to the Late Neolithic (5 Ky BP). Our results reveal that Pleistocene so called "protodogs" show no brain size reduction compared to coeval Pleistocene wolves. Instead, we observed a slightly larger relative endocranial volume in the 35,000-year-old 'protodog' from Goyet, which could suggest increased behavioural flexibility in the presence of humans. This hypothesis needs to be tested further. In contrast, Late Neolithic dogs show a drastic 46% brain size reduction with an endocranial volumes comparable to modern small terrier and toy breeds. The anxious and wary temperaments of these Late Neolithic dogs, induced by the brain tissue reorganization associated with such a size reduction, could have served an alerting purpose, among the many other potential roles dogs could have played within this Late Neolithic socio-ecosystems
