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Modeling age-space mortality dynamics in small areas: an application to southern Italian municipalities
No full textDoes Prosperity Pay? Unraveling the Relationship Between Economic Performance and Life Expectancy across a Large Number of European Regions, 2005–2018
No full textLe privilège métropolitain ? Magistrat·es et construction de la métropolitanité dans les outre-mer français
No full textÀ partir d’une étude par entretiens, cet article interroge la nature ambivalente et les contours du privilège lié à l’origine, à la race et à la classe des magistrat·es dans les outre-mer. Salaire majoré et impôt minoré, les magistrat·es bénéficient dans les outre-mer d’une élévation de leur niveau de vie qui leur offre des conditions matérielles et un style de vie inaccessibles en métropole. Elles et ils bénéficient aussi d’une présomption de compétence et d’un prestige qu’elles et ils jugent supérieurs à la métropole. Le privilège en migration engage aussi une dimension subjective. Les métropolitain·es blanc·hes qui constituent le groupe majoritaire en France hexagonale éprouvent leur condition blanche d’une manière singulière qui la rend visible et les contraint à se définir et à se justifier. L’article met en évidence la diversité des subjectivités métropolitaines et blanches en contexte de minorité démographique
De preconceitos a reconstruções: os estudos de resquícios humanos ao longo dos séculos
No full textO estudo de resquícios humanos começou no XIX, quando os trabalhos publicados reforçavam os preconceitos de etnia e de gênero comuns na sociedade da época. Desde então houve muitas transformações nos objetivos e nas metodologias da disciplina, devido aos avanços na Ciência, mas também à participação de mulheres e de pessoas negras e indígenas na produção do conhecimento. Durante esse processo surgiu uma nova abordagem, a bioarqueologia, que integra elementos da arqueologia, da antropologia biológica e de outras áreas do conhecimento. A bioarqueologia nos permite fazer um estudo mais detalhado sobre as condições de vida em sociedades do passado. Diversos elementos vão determinar o acesso de indivíduos a recursos em quantidade e qualidade suficientes para a sobrevivência, dentre eles o gênero e a religião. Nesse artigo discutimos como os conceitos de gênero e de religião eram tratados desde o início da disciplina até o período atual, e como eles podem ser empregados como elementos da análise interseccional em bioarqueologia
Advancing Health Equity Metrics: Estimating the Burden of Lung Cancer Attributed to Known Carcinogens by Socio-economic Position
No full textAttributable burden of disease estimates reported population-wide do not reflect social disparities in exposures and outcomes. This makes one of the influential scientific tools in public health decision-making insensitive to the distribution of health impacts between socioeconomic groups. Our aim was to use the often-overlooked distributive property of the population attributable fraction (PAF) to quantitatively partition the population burden attributed to know risk factors into subgroups defined by their socioeconomic position (SEP). To illustrate our approach, we focus on lung cancer risk in relation to smoking and exposure to three occupational carcinogens: asbestos, silica dust and diesel motor exhaust. We directly estimate PAFs from a large population-based case-control study using multiple unconditional logistic regression, mutually adjusting for available known risk factors. We partition the PAFs of occupational exposures and smoking according to different SEP indicators: occupational class, prestige and trajectory, and education. Our results show that workplace exposures, smoking and their population health impacts concentrate among lower-SEP groups, a long-known reality that had never been measured through a PAF approach. While attempting to quantify the avoidable burden of diseases, it is useful to partition population-wide into SEP-specific metrics, as the modifiable exposures (behavioural, work-related, environmental) are socially stratified
Base de données – Démographie de la France entière et métropolitaine
No full textCette base de données rassemble des séries longues d’une cinquantaine d’indicateurs démographiques de la France (métropolitaine et entière) couvrant le mouvement de la population, la structure par âge, l’immigration, la fécondité du moment et des générations, les interruptions volontaires de grossesse (IVG), la nuptialité du moment et des générations, la divortialité du moment et des promotions de mariages, la mortalité. Ces séries remontent pour un grand nombre d’indicateurs au début du 20e siècle pour la France métropolitaine. Mises à jour chaque année, ces séries ont été en grande partie reconstituées grâce aux tableaux et annexes des articles annuels de la "conjoncture démographique en France" publiés par la revue Population
A Journey into (meta)data management with DDI
No full textSince 2020, the French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED) has undertaken a significant transformation in its data dissemination and metadata production processes. Following a thorough evaluation of alternatives to the Nesstar software to the implementation of the NADA Microdata Cataloging Tool and the metadata update and migration process, we are now two years into using NADA. We devised a refined documentation and publication routine, supported by a suite of tools that enable us to adhere to the best practices of DDI Codebook, FAIR principles and European standards. The metadata production is carried out using a formatted Microsoft Word form, supplemented by R scripts. Information at the variable level (labels and attributes) is retrieved through the use of R scripts. Finally, the publication of metadata from related publications down to the variable level is made easy thanks to the user-friendly interface and straightforward administration of NADA. In this presentation, we will focus on this new process and provide a hands-on overview of our documentation workflow from data acquisition to publication. Special attention will be given to catalog administration and the publication stage
Which Degree for Which Occupation? Vertical and Horizontal Mismatch Among Immigrants, Their Children, and Grandchildren in France
No full textPrior research has found that immigrants are often overeducated: their educational attainment is higher than required or commonly observed in their occupation. Yet, less is known about the education–occupation mismatch among immigrants’ children and grandchildren (the second and third generations). Using the French Trajectories and Origins 2 (TeO2, 2019–2020) survey, we test theoretically grounded hypotheses on the level of vertical (educational attainment) and horizontal (field of study) mismatch in the first, second, and third generations as well as on the mechanisms underlying the mismatch. Results indicate that vertical mismatch is substantially lower in the second and third generations than in the first, supporting the hypothesis that vertical mismatch is largely the result of imperfect international transferability of credentials. By contrast, higher levels of horizontal mismatch persist in the second and third generations among men of non-European descent. Differences in horizontal mismatch between immigrants’ and natives’ descendants are largely accounted for by initial sorting into fields of study
La différenciation des pratiques familiales en Polynésie française. Influences du lieu de vie, du genre, de la classe sociale et de l’âge
No full textCet article livre une lecture combinée, à la fois sociologique et démographique, de la diversité des façons de vivre en famille en Polynésie française contemporaine. La vie des personnes en famille est ici appréhendée à travers les enjeux matériels des relations de parenté, à la fois au sein du groupe domestique quotidien (habiter ensemble, élever des enfants …) et du réseau familial, à proximité et à distance (se rendre service, se voir, se parler, partager des ressources, prendre soin des enfants et des aînés, …). Il s’agit de questionner les conditions concrètes de la vie de famille des Polynésiens et des Polynésiennes et de donner à voir la manière dont des déterminants sociologiques tels que le genre, l’âge, la classe sociale ou encore le lieu de résidence façonnent les pratiques familiales. L’objectif est donc de saisir les logiques sociales qui déterminent ces pratiques, dans un contexte d’insularité où les liens familiaux sont conditionnés par des mobilités intenses et l’éloignement. Pour ce faire, l’article construit le dialogue entre deux enquêtes : une étude quantitative fine des configurations familiales et une enquête ethnographique sur les pratiques familiales contemporaines
