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Diaspora at war: mobilization of the Ukrainian diaspora in the first 2 years of the Russian full-scale invasion
No full textDrawing on theoretical frameworks from social movement studies, this article investigates the mobilization of the Ukrainian diaspora in the first 2 years of the full-scale aggression of Russia against Ukraine. Based on desk research and in-depth interviews with activists from Ukrainian organizations in France and Poland, the analysis demonstrates that, despite different political opportunities, the Ukrainian communities reinforced their political position in relation to the institutions of residence countries and gained new spheres of influence in the respective national arenas. Pre-existing mobilizing structures and practices, mostly based on the Euromaidan legacy, facilitated the achievement of far-reaching objectives, the coordination of actions, and the integration of grass-root forms of activism within the community. This was framed by a sense of uniqueness, responsibility to the homeland, and strengthening of national sentiments, a series of factors that sometimes amplified the pressure on newly arrived war migrants. In both countries of residence, the full-scale war led to high levels of diaspora mobilization and consolidation
The effect of adverse life-events on income trajectories
No full textThis paper studies and compares the effect of different adverse life events – job loss, disability and health shocks, divorce and spousal death – on individuals’ income trajectories. We use an harmonized design across events in terms of methodology and data: matching difference-in-difference with exhaustive Dutch administrative registers. We assess the effect of adverse events on different margins. We compare their effect on primary and disposable household income in order to measure the public insurance to the shocks provided by the tax and transfer system. Both between different events and within different groups for a given event, we find that the importance of government insurance increases with the severity of the shock on primary income. However, we find that certain groups of the population are relatively less protected against adverse life events, such as young people facing a large health shock or secondary earners facing a divorce
Association between HIV risk perception, knowledge of biomedical prevention and sexual behaviour among sub-Saharan African immigrants living in a precarious situation in France
No full textObjectives: Sub-Saharan African immigrants are particularly affected by HIV in France, with many acquiring the infection after migration due to precarious circumstances that increase their vulnerability. This study aimed to explore the association between HIV risk perception, knowledge of biomedical HIV prevention methods and sexual behaviours among sub-Saharan African immigrants living in precarious conditions in the greater Paris area.
Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed data from 614 participants in the MAKASI project, conducted in the greater Paris area (2019–2020). Sociodemographic characteristics, living conditions, knowledge of biomedical HIV prevention methods (postexposure prophylaxis, treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)) and sexual behaviours were described by sex using Pearson’s χ2 tests. HIV risk perception, defined as self-reported exposure to HIV comparable to or greater than the general population, was analysed by participant characteristics. A multivariable logistic regression model identified factors associated with HIV risk perception using variables with a significance threshold of 20%.
Results: Most participants (76.5%) were men, with a median age of 34 years (IQR: 29–41) and living in precarious conditions. Forty-one per cent of respondents reported perceiving their HIV exposure risk as comparable to or greater than the general population. Participants aware of PrEP (adjusted OR (aOR) =2.60 (1.17–5.80); p<0.020) and those who had sex with occasional partners without a condom within in the 3 months preceding the survey (aOR=1.89 (1.12–3.18); p<0.017) were more likely to report the same or greater risk of HIV exposure.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal that PrEP knowledge and sex with occasional partners, particularly participants who did not use condoms, are associated with increased HIV risk perception among sub-Saharan African immigrants. Further research should explore the relationship between PrEP uptake and HIV risk perception in this population
Les personnes immigrées, plus souvent exposées, ont mieux respecté les gestes-barrières
No full textContrairement à certaines idées reçues, l’excès de mortalité ayant touché les personnes immigrées et leurs descendants ne peut s’expliquer par des manquements dans les gestes-barrières. Celles-ci ont porté le masque plus que les autres, surtout les femmes
et les personnes âgées. Les études montrent en revanche un taux de vaccination anti-Covid plus faible parmi ces populations que parmi les populations non immigrées
Paternité : organisation des temps professionnels et familiaux deux ans après la naissance d’un enfant
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Des corps à l'épreuve. Expériences de la grossesse et représentations de la parentalité des salarié.es à horaires décalés
No full textCan We See Their ID? Measuring Immigrants’ Legal Trajectory: Lessons From a French Survey
No full textThere is a growing interest in the question of immigrants’ legal trajectories, but there have been few quantitative surveys on the subject, due to the lack of satisfactory data. Most existing statistical studies use biographical surveys where current or past legal status is used as an explanatory variable for studying other social phenomena, but these studies rarely question the quality of that measurement. Some studies quantified the potential biases, but did not qualify them. Reporting legal status can generate defiance when the trajectory is a sensitive issue (social desirability bias). It can be difficult if the migration process is long past (memory bias), or the respondent did not make their application themselves (nonproactivity bias). Using a retrospective biographical survey of about 10,000 immigrants in France, I offer a reflexive analysis of these biases. I show that they are small, the data showing low nonresponse rates, and a remarkable internal and external consistency. Biased responses can be attributed to the difficulty in recalling events, grasping some technical terms, or even to the desire to control one's migratory narrative in a context of downward social status. These results teach us that legal status should more often be included in surveys, which would improve theorization of migrants’ experiences, but also better link these theories with public policies. The results inform us about how immigrants take hold of the official categories, suggesting that they have more expertise and less defiance in reporting them that we could have assumed