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Impact of emotional competence on supportive care needs, anxiety and depression symptoms of cancer patients: a multiple mediation model
No full textPURPOSE: The aim of this study was to test the effect of intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competence on cancer patients' supportive care needs, as mediated by anxiety and depression symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional design: 137 cancer patients (42% breast or ovarian cancer, 58% gastrointestinal cancer) in 4 French hospitals completed the Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form (SCNS-SF). Bootstrap methods with PROCESS Macro were used to test multiple mediation models. RESULTS: Emotional competence presented a direct or indirect beneficial effect on the satisfaction of supportive care needs, anxiety and depression symptoms. As expected, anxiety and depression symptoms had also strong positive correlations with unmet needs. All multiple mediation models were significant, except for physical needs: intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competence impacted anxiety and depression symptoms, which in turn impacted psychological, sexual, care/support, and information needs. CONCLUSIONS: These innovative results show the important effect of patients' emotional competence on their supportive care need satisfaction, as mediated by anxiety and depression. Consequently, patients with high emotional competence may require less psychosocial input from medical clinicians. Thus, emotional competence may be integrated into health models and psychosocial interventions to improve patient adjustment. Further investigation is, however, needed to know which are the most beneficial specific emotional competences and at what point of the cancer pathway
Vers une approche pluridisciplinaire des dessins de myologie inédits de Van Horne et Sagemolen : quelques aspects techniques
No full textInternational audienc
ASSESSING RISK OVER TIME IN PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMATIC WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA (WM). A STUDY ON 114 PATIENTS (PTS)
No full text22nd Congress of the European-Hematology-Association, Madrid, SPAIN, JUN 22-25, 2017International audienc
Analyzing and managing the slot occupancy of car parking by exploiting vision-based urban surveillance networks
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we present an approach for the analysis of parking slots by exploiting urban surveillance networks. This work has been developed in a project which aims to facilitate to the car drivers the access to available car parking slots. This paper describes a framework that exploits video streams provided by urban networks of cameras. The objective is to remotely determine the occupancy status of parking slots. Besides, the paper presents a case study and a discussion about a broadcasting strategy that could be used to share the positions of identified vacant parking slots with drivers searching an available parking slot
Dealing with the right of way in advanced traffic simulation. A characterization of drivers' behaviours in a multi-agent approach
No full textInternational audienceWith the emergence of ADAS and autonomous vehicle, the need of simulation software to test advanced systems and models is unavoidable. The objective of this work is to characterize, in a multi-agent approach, the traffic vehicles behaviours, and to model them in a versatile traffic simulator, serving as a testing tool for integration in the traffic module of the SCANeR Studio T M simulation software. The algorithm will bring more natural interactions between vehicles in simulation and allow the emergence of new relevant situations for autonomous vehicles, observable in real, such as collision risk situations or even accidents, which have for now to be scripted in scenarios and do not occur naturally
Retroviral Scanning: Mapping MLV Integration Sites to Define Cell-specific Regulatory Regions
No full textInternational audienceMoloney murine leukemia (MLV) virus-based retroviral vectors integrate predominantly in acetylated enhancers and promoters. For this reason, mLV integration sites can be used as functional markers of active regulatory elements. Here, we present a retroviral scanning tool, which allows the genome-wide identification of cell-specific enhancers and promoters. Briefly, the target cell population is transduced with an mLV-derived vector and genomic DNA is digested with a frequently cutting restriction enzyme. After ligation of genomic fragments with a compatible DNA linker, linker-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LM-PCR) allows the amplification of the virus-host genome junctions. Massive sequencing of the amplicons is used to define the mLV integration profile genome-wide. Finally, clusters of recurrent integrations are defined to identify cell-specific regulatory regions, responsible for the activation of cell-type specific transcriptional programs. The retroviral scanning tool allows the genome-wide identification of cell-specific promoters and enhancers in prospectively isolated target cell populations. Notably, retroviral scanning represents an instrumental technique for the retrospective identification of rare populations (e.g. somatic stem cells) that lack robust markers for prospective isolation
Interface cerveau-machine hybride pour pallier le handicap moteur
No full textNational audienceUne interface cerveau-machine (BMI: Brain-Machine Interface) est un dispositif établissant un lien de communication direct entre un individu et une machine ne reposant pas sur les canaux de communication standard que sont les nerfs périphériques et les muscles. Dans une BMI standard, seule l'activité cérébrale de l'individu est enregistrée, analysée en temps-réel et traduite en commandes destinées à la machine. Bien que relativement peu de systèmes BMI aient été testés en dehors du contexte laboratoire ou clinique, la palliation du handicap moteur sévère reste actuellement la principale application potentielle de cette technologie. Au début des années 2000, Pfurtscheller a été l'un des premiers à introduire le concept d'interface cerveau-machine hybride, dans laquelle d'autres canaux informatifs - signaux physiologiques ou autres - sont associés aux signaux purement cérébraux afin d'améliorer les performances de communication. Dans cette communication, nous présentons un état de l'art des interfaces cerveau-machine hybrides qui ont été développées afin de pallier le handicap moteur sévère, notamment les interfaces qualifiées d'actives au travers desquelles l'utilisateur peut contrôler la machine quand il le souhaite et de façon asynchrone. Parmi ces interfaces on peut distinguer celles qui considèrent une ou plusieurs tâches d'imagination motrice en tant que marqueurs que le système doit détecter pour inférer l'intention de l'utilisateur. Enfin, nous présentons une BMI active hybride développée dans notre équipe, qui est dédiée spécifiquement à des utilisateurs dont les capacités motrices diminuent progressivement au cours du temps, à cause d'une pathologie telle que la myopathie de Duchenne (DMD). Nous relatons les tous premiers essais de cette interface, sur deux patients DMD disposant encore d'une motricité résiduelle des mains, où la tâche de contrôle consiste à déplacer un avatar dans un environnement virtuel ludique
Rapports sociaux et hégémonie. Conflictualités dans les espaces publics (2) Introduction
No full textInternational audienceQuels sont les ressorts de la conflictualité dans les espaces publics contemporains ? Comment appréhender les luttes minoritaires et les mouvements sociaux dans ces espaces ? La lutte des classes est-elle encore aujourd’hui le terrain d’affrontement privilégié ? Ce 48e numéro d’Études de Communication propose de poursuivre la réflexion sur les processus de légitimation/illégitimation des discours en portant une attention particulière à la façon dont ces processus sont structurés par les rapports de pouvoir, notamment de genre, de classe et de race. Selon une approche Cultural Studies, ces derniers organisent le monde social, produisent des hiérarchies et régulent les relations entre les groupes. Au-delà de leur caractère structurant, ils opèrent au niveau discursif, au travers de l’association d’éléments du langage, de concepts, de discours qui constituent autant de « chaînes idéologiques » ou « chaînes de signification » (Hall, 2008 [1982]). Ce numéro propose d’interroger la rencontre — ou l’articulation — entre certaines de ces chaînes et leurs énonciateurs. Cette articulation est en effet au cœur de la conflictualité sociale : des publics d’Exhibit B aux opposants à la « théorie du genre », en passant par les masculinistes ou encore les associations de lutte contre le sida,chacun cherche à imposer sa vision du monde, sa définition des termes du débat public, autrement dit à interrompre les chaînes existantes et à les « réarticuler » dans la lutte pour l’hégémonie (Hall, 1996 ; Dalibert, Lamy, Quemener, 2016). Il s’agit alors d’explorer les espaces publics où se déploient des prises de positions minoritaires et de saisir cette confrontation entre représentations hégémoniques et discours dissonants et/ou oppositionnels comme autant de luttes de significations
EMuLSion, a generic simulation framework in animal epidemiology based on multi-level multi-agent modelling
No full textTo recommend better control measures in public or animal health, epidemiologists incorporate ever-finer details in their models, from individual diversity to public policies, which often involve several observation scales. Due to the variety of modelling paradigms, it becomes more and more difficult to compare hypotheses and outcomes, or explore new assumptions or scenarios, especially since the increased complexity of simulation programs is not yet counterbalanced by design principles nor by software engineering methods. Thus, any change in the model often induces a substantial coding effort.The EMuLSion framework, developed within the MIHMES project, rely upon the multi-level agent-based paradigm to integrate existing methods within a common interface, provide a separation between concerns and reduce the part of code devoted to model designers. Multi-agent systems are composed of interacting autonomous entities (agents) endowed with behaviors, and are quite flexible since an agent can be used to model any kind of entity. Especially, in multi-level agent-based systems [1], agents can represent several organization or observation levels, from individuals to metapopulations. Thus, multi-level agent-based systems are a convenient way to encompass classical modelling paradigms used in epidemiology (e.g. compartments, IBM, metapopulations).We also advocate for a strong separation of concerns, i.e. a clear separation between a generic simulation engine (code) on the one hand, and an explicit, human-readable and highly modular description of the model structure, parameters and assumptions on the other hand.Thanks to this approach, the EMuLSion framework is able to process epidemiological models with very little specific code development, allowing for quick model refactoring, alternative hypotheses assessment, and objective model comparison. Models can involve several modelling paradigms at the same time, and the framework also provides efficient individual grouping methods to benefit from the detail level of IBM without excessive performance degradation.We illustrate our approach with an application to the Q fever disease in cattle, first to reproduce a within-herd model developed previously [2], study possible simplifications of assumptions, and extend it to the between-herd level