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Experte pour l’Ouvrage de Gaillard B., Un bouc-émissaire dans votre service ou votre famille. Comment agir ? Col. « Penser les valeurs en éducation et en formation ». PURH. PP.120.
No full textEffective Sample Size for Importance Sampling Based on the Discrepancy Measures
No full textInternational audienc
Joint Gender, Ethnicity and Age Estimation from 3D Faces An Experimental Illustration of their Correlations
No full textInternational audienceHumans present clear demographic traits which allow their peers to recognize their gender and ethnic groups as well as estimate their age. Abundant literature has investigated the problem of automated gender, ethnicity and age recognition from facial images. However, despite the coexistence of these traits, most of the studies have addressed them separately, very little attention has been given to their correlations. In this work, we address the problem of joint demographic estimation and investigate the correlation through the morphological differences in 3D facial shapes. To this end, a set of facial features are extracted to capture the 3D shape differences among the demographic groups. Then, a correlation-based feature selection is applied to highlight salient features and remove redundancy. These features are later fed to Random Forest for gender and ethnicity classification , and age estimation. Extensive experiments conducted on FRGCv2 dataset, under Expression-Dependent and Expression-Independent settings, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches for the three traits, and also show the accuracy improvement when considering their correlations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study exploring the correlations of these facial soft-biometric traits using 3D faces. This is also the first work which studies the problem of age estimation from 3D Faces
Étude quantitative des anomalies de signal flair de la substance blanche dans les pathologies neurodégénératives
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction. Au cours des dégénérescences lobaires fronto-temporales (DFT), et en particulier dans certaines formes génétiques, la présence d'hypersignaux flair de la substance blanche il a été rapporté dans les zones d'atrophie. Cependant, l'incidence et la spécificité de ces anomalies ne sont pas connues. L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier le volume et la répartition topographique des hypersignaux flair de la substance blanche dans différentes pathologies neurodégénératives et de corréler ces anomalies aux données cliniques et aux patterns d'atrophie. Matériel et méthodes. Nous avons étudié 125 patients issus d'une cohorte rétrospective monocentrique, présentant un diagnostic de pathologie neurodégénérative (maladie d'Alzheimer, forme comportementale de DFT, démence sémantique, atrophie corticale postérieure, dégénérescence cortico-basale) ou de dépression. Tous les patients avaient eu une IRM cérébrale comprenant une acquisition 3DT1 et une séquence flair. Nous avons recueilli pour ces patients les données cliniques avec en particulier les facteurs de risques cardiovasculaires et le résultat des dosages des biomarqueurs de la maladie d'Alzheimer dans le liquide cérébrospinal. Le volume des hypersignaux de la substance blanche a été mesuré pour chaque patient sur la séquence flair à l'aide d'un algorithme de segmentation automatique (WHASA). Les volumes des différents lobes cérébraux ont été mesurés pour chaque patient à partir de la séquence 3DT1 par le logiciel Neuroreader (Horsens, Denmark). Résultats et conclusion. Les hypersignaux flair de la substance blanche dans les régions atrophiques ne sont pas spécifiques aux DFT, ils peuvent également être observés au cours des démences sémantiques et des atrophies corticales postérieures. Il est important de connaître ces anomalies, car elles ne doivent pas être prises à tort pour des séquelles vasculaires. Déclaration de liens d'intérêts. Jamila Ahdidan, Christian Christoffersen et Claus Pedersen sont employés par la société Brainreader commercialisant le logiciel Neuroreader
We judge other's personality on the sole basis of their economic contribution to society
No full textInternational audienc
Parcours professionnel et perception de la qualité de vie chez les femmes atteintes d'un cancer
No full textInternational audienc
Multi-objective parallel extremal optimization in processor load balancing for distributed programs
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Patients’ views and needs about systemic sclerosis and its management: a qualitative interview study
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic connective-tissue disease responsible for reduced life expectancy, disability and a decreased quality of life. In order to optimize patients-physicians relationship and care strategy we aimed to survey views of patients on SSc and its management to reveal potential hurdles and improve health care strategies.METHODS: A qualitative study combined semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a direct observation of an information session was performed between November 2008 and January 2009.RESULTS: Twenty-five patients with SSc were included. They encounter difficulties to have a clear representation of their disease. Physical, psychological, and social repercussions of SSc may lead to a psychological distress and different coping strategies, which widely differ among interviewed patients. Patients' views on their therapeutic journey and the management of their disease highlighted strong expectations about patient-physician relationship. These expectations were numerous, complex and sometimes ambivalent. Patients expected physicians to be human and attentive but also involved in research in the field and to provide psychological and affective support to help them to accept the uncertainty of disease evolution and lack of curative treatment. They also expected more individualized management, improvements in diagnosis and follow-up organization, more efforts in education and information, comprehensive behaviors and support from working colleagues and relatives, and increased funding from the health care system.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that SSc management could be optimized, particularly with more attention to the patient-practitioner relationship. Patient profiles should be more precisely defined in terms of coping strategies and treatment preferences to propose more individualized options