HAL - Lille 3
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Dépôts cultuels de pièces d'harnachement de chevaux et éléments de char à Blicquy "Ville d'Anderlecht" durant l'âge du Fer
No full textInternational audienceThe excavations of the Gallo-Roman sanctuary of Blicquy " Ville d'Anderlecht " (Belgium) brought to light various deposits of metal material dating back to the Late Iron Age. Those deposits of religious nature revealed several assemblages of military equipment (swords with scabbards, spearheads, axes) associated with horse harness parts and chariot elements (wheels tyres, naves bands, eyebolts, phalerae, horse bits...). This paper offers a complete study of the material related to the equestrian world and emphasizes the link with the coastal populations of the British Isles through the presentation of a "vase-heades linch-pin" of exclusively insular manufacture
2D versus 3D Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks Trained with Unsupervised STDP for Human Action Recognition
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De Parthénos à Mèter : considérations archéologiques sur les fonctions d'Athéna dans le champ des maternités
No full textInternational audienceDans la religion grecque antique Athéna est, au même titre qu’Artémis et Hestia, la déesse vierge par excellence. Conçue en dehors de toute matrice féminine, née du crâne de Zeus, Athéna s’inscrit en marge du schéma reproductif habituel. En outre, la déesse échappe au destin traditionnel de la femme dans les sociétés anciennes en refusant le mariage et, de fait, la « douloureuse obligation de la maternité » . Athéna apparaît ainsi comme une figure « déviante » en tant que déesse sans mère, fille de Zeus et éternelle parthenos (vierge), écartée de facto de toute fonction maternelle. Toutefois, si elle est biologiquement inapte à être mère, Athéna joue un rôle dans l’éducation de certains individus ; c’est une déesse kourotrophe (kourotrophos), soit une divinité qui accompagne les jeunes gens du berceau jusqu’à l’âge adulte et préside à certains rites de passages. leMèter), tandis qu’à Athènes elle est la « mère » (matèr) de tous les Athéniens. La déesse est également associée à d’autres puissances divines qui interviennent lors de la grossesse, l’accouchement et/ou la petite enfance. Par conséquent, Athéna agit, à sa manière, dans le champ de la maternité.L’objectif de cette communication est de mettre en évidence l’ambiguïté de la figure d’Athéna en tant que figure maternelle et maternante à travers un ensemble de réflexions sur la maternité des déesses grecques. Il s’agit, surtout, de comprendre quelles sont les capacités d’actions d’Athéna dans le champ des maternités, qu’elles soient réelles et symboliques.Le corpus permettant d’envisager Athéna au prisme de la maternité est réduit. Pour cette raison, nous travaillerons sur l’ensemble du monde grec du VIIIe s. av. J.-C. au Ve s. apr. J.-C. Notre perspective sera pluridisciplinaire et prendra en compte une grande variété de sources, qu’elles soient littéraires, épigraphiques, archéologiques et onomastiques.Par l’analyse de cet ensemble, nous souhaitons mettre en évidence le rapport ambivalent d’Athéna vis-à-vis de la maternité : d’une part, en tant que figure en marge de toute capacité reproductive, puisqu’elle est parthenos ; d’autre part, comme divinité avec des compétences qui touchent à la maternité, mais avec des modes d’action qui lui sont propres. De par ses configurations avec d’autres puissances divines, comme Ilithyie liée à l’accouchement, son lien avec le domaine de la maternité est plus net. Pourtant, Athéna agit avant tout sur la protection et l’intégrité du corps civique, plutôt que sur le corps maternel. En tant que kourotrophos, elle protège le devenir de la cité en préservant et en éduquant ses futurs citoyens
Spatially-resolved metabolomic identifies a reprogramming of lipid metabolism and immune surveillance that are caused by colibactin-producing E. coli infection.
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18F]FDG PET/CT for predicting triple-negative breast cancer outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without pembrolizuma
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: To determine if pretreatment [18F]FDG PET/CT could contribute to predicting complete pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab. Methods: In this retrospective bicentric study, we included TNBC patients who underwent [18F]FDG PET/CT before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or chemo-immunotherapy (NACI) between March 2017 and August 2022. Clinical, biological, and pathological data were collected. Tumor SUVmax and total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) were measured from the PET images. Cut-off values were determined using ROC curves and a multivariable model was developed using logistic regression to predict pCR. Results: N = 191 patients were included. pCR rates were 53 and 70% in patients treated with NAC (N = 91) and NACI (N = 100), respectively (p 12.3), and low TMTV (≤ 3.0 cm3) were predictors of pCR in the NAC cohort while tumor staging classification ( 17.2), and low TMTV (≤ 7.3 cm3) correlated with pCR in the NACI cohort. In multivariable analysis, only high tumor SUVmax (NAC: OR 8.8, p < 0.01; NACI: OR 3.7, p = 0.02) and low TMTV (NAC: OR 6.6, p < 0.01; NACI: OR 3.5, p = 0.03) were independent factors for pCR in both cohorts, albeit at different thresholds. Conclusion: High tumor metabolism (SUVmax) and low tumor burden (TMTV) could predict pCR after NAC regardless of the addition of pembrolizumab. Further studies are warranted to validate such findings and determine how these biomarkers could be used to guide neoadjuvant therapy in TNBC patients
Spatial metabolomics reveals a reprogramming of lipid metabolism by bacterial colibactin supporting immunosuppressive microenvironment in right-sided colon cancer
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Intratumoral bacteria contribute to tumor heterogeneity through poorly understood mechanisms. It has been established thatpatients with right-sided colon cancer (RCC) exhibit a worse prognosis and differences in their tumor-associated biofilms and lipid metabolism when compared to left-sided colon cancer. However, it remains unclear whether and how the tumor-associated biofilm may influencethe lipid metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment.Materials and methods: To uncover the impact of Colibactin-producing by Escherichia coli (CoPEC) tumor-associated microenvironmentand bacterial structure, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metabolomic profiling in situ (7T-MALDI-FTICR), qPCR (to detect the presence ofColibactin) and RNA-sequencing/RNAscope were applied to RCC tumors. To confirm the human data, mouse and human colon carcinomacells (MC38 and HCT116, respectively) were infected with the CoPEC clinical strain (11G5) or with its mutant strain that does not produceColibactin (11G5∆clbQ). Metabolomic in vitro results were confirmed using SpiderMass. Additionally, data were validated using a CoPECinfection on the MC38 mice graft model.Results: By applying metabolomic profiling in situ, the presence of Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli (CoPEC) was identified to establish a high-glycerophospholipid microenvironment within RCC that bears oncogenic mutations in APC. Using spatial approaches, werevealed that bacterial microniches are poorly infiltrated by IFNγ-producing CD8+ T-cells. Notably, CoPEC infection leads to lipid dropletaccumulation in MC38 and HCT116 cells. Interestingly, the aforementioned alterations in lipid metabolism positively correlated with immunomodulatory factors among which the human regenerating family member 3 alpha gene (REG3A). Herein, we revealed that engraftedtumors into Reg3b-deficient mice resulted in similar metabolic adaptation of the tumor together with a significant reduction in tumor growthafter CoPEC infection. These data are supported by a decrease in Lpcat1 expression, a gene involved in the remodeling of glycerophospholipids, observed only in 11G5-infected WT mice. In this same sense, we detected similar changes in the presence of CoPEC in APCmutant-status RCC patients’ tumors and APC-mutated HT-29 cells.Conclusion: This work clarifies how CoPEC may shape tumor heterogeneity through their influence on lipid metabolism and will allow exploration into the mechanisms of CoPEC-mediated lipid reprogramming on the efficacy of antitumoral therapy
Determinants of apprehension to return to sport after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: an exploratory observational retrospective study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Only 65% of people return to a level of sport equivalent to that before after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. Persisting apprehension may in part explain this observation. We aimed to describe characteristics of people with ACL-Return to Sport after Injury (RSI) scores ≥ 60/100 (low apprehension) at 6 months after injury and to identify variables independently associated with low apprehension at 6 months. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study. People who had surgery for an ACL rupture and who participated in an outpatient post-operative rehabilitation program were included consecutively. The ACL-RSI questionnaire was self-administered at 6 months after injury. Baseline characteristics of people with ACL-RSI scores ≥ 60/100 and < 60/100 were described. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify baseline variables associated with low apprehension at 6 months. Results: We included 37 participants: 13/37 (35.1%) were women and mean age was 27.2 (9.2) years. At 6 months, 21/37 (56.8%) had an ACL-RSI score ≥ 60/100. Participants who had an ACL-RSI score ≥ 60/100 more often received a preoperative rehabilitation (16/21 [76.2%] vs 5/16 [31.2%]), and had less often knee pain (7/21 [33.3%] vs 7/16 [43.7%]) and effusion (5/21 [23.8%] vs 8/16 [50.0%]) at 1 month after surgery, than participants who had an ACL-RSI score < 60/100. In the multivariate analysis, preoperative rehabilitation was associated with low apprehension at 6 months (OR [95% CI] = 0.107 [0.023 to 0.488], p = 0.002). Conclusions: Preoperative rehabilitation was independently associated with low apprehension at 6 months. Trial registration. Not applicable
Reg3A and glycerophospholipids metabolites axis promote an immune-suppressive microenvironment in right-sided colon cancer
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TRPM8-Rap1A Interaction Sites as Critical Determinants for Adhesion and Migration of Prostate and Other Epithelial Cancer Cells
No full textInternational audienceEmerging evidence indicates that the TRPM8 channel plays an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression, by impairing the motility of these cancer cells. Here, we reveal a novel facet of PCa motility control via direct protein-protein interaction (PPI) of the channel with the small GTPase Rap1A. The functional interaction of the two proteins was assessed by active Rap1 pull-down assays and live-cell imaging experiments. Molecular modeling analysis allowed the identification of four putative residues involved in TRPM8-Rap1A interaction. Point mutations of these sites impaired PPI as shown by GST-pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, and PLA experiments and revealed their key functional role in the adhesion and migration of PC3 prostate cancer cells. More precisely, TRPM8 inhibits cell migration and adhesion by trapping Rap1A in its GDP-bound inactive form, thus preventing its activation at the plasma membrane. In particular, residues E207 and Y240 in the sequence of TRPM8 and Y32 in that of Rap1A are critical for the interaction between the two proteins not only in PC3 cells but also in cervical (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells. This study deepens our knowledge of the mechanism through which TRPM8 would exert a protective role in cancer progression and provides new insights into the possible use of TRPM8 as a new therapeutic target in cancer treatment