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Association between High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Levels and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
No full textBackground: HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) is known for its aggressive behavior and increased risk of brain metastases (BM), which worsens patient prognosis and limits therapeutic options due to the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study systematically evaluates HER2 overexpression as a predictive factor of BM in breast cancer patients through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and visualizes global research trends using VOSviewer. This systematic review assessed the relationship between serum hs-CRP levels and cognitive impairment in elderly T2DM patients, exploring its potential as an early screening biomarker.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for studies published between January 2017 and March 2025. Observational studies involving patients aged ≥60 years with T2DM that reported both hs-CRP levels and cognitive outcomes were included. Study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool were performed independently by two reviewers. Due to heterogeneity in study design, cognitive assessment tools, and hs-CRP reporting, findings were synthesized narratively.
Results: Most studies showed that higher hs-CRP levels were associated with mild cognitive impairment and poorer executive or memory function in elderly T2DM patients. Some evidence indicated that hs-CRP elevation may precede measurable cognitive decline, suggesting its role in early neuroinflammation.
Conclusion: Elevated hs-CRP is consistently linked to cognitive dysfunction in elderly T2DM patients and may serve as a practical biomarker for early detection. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to establish causality and diagnostic thresholds
A Bibliometric Analysis of HER2 Positivity as a Predictor of Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer: Insights from VOSviewer
No full textBackground: HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) is known for its aggressive behavior and increased risk of brain metastases (BM), which worsens patient prognosis and limits therapeutic options due to the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study systematically evaluates HER2 overexpression as a predictive factor of BM in breast cancer patients through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and visualizes global research trends using VOSviewer.
Methods: A total of 20 peer-reviewed primary studies published between 2015–2025 were analyzed from PubMed and Scopus databases using the PRISMA framework. Selection was guided by the PICOTS model, and data synthesis included clinical predictors, therapeutic outcomes, and prognostic models. Bibliometric metadata were processed using VOSviewer to explore thematic evolution.
Results: HER2 overexpression is consistently linked with earlier BM onset, higher incidence, and distinct survival patterns. Advanced HER2-targeted agents like tucatinib and pyrotinib demonstrated enhanced CNS control. VOSviewer maps revealed five thematic clusters: HER2-targeted therapy, BM prediction models, survival analysis, CNS drug resistance, and HER2-low classification.
Conclusion: HER2 positivity is an independent prognostic marker for brain metastases in BC. Its integration into CNS risk stratification and personalized therapy protocols may enhance clinical outcomes in high-risk patient
Uji Efektivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.) terhadap Jamur Malassezia Furfur secara in Vitro
Full text linkLatar belakang: Malassezia furfur adalah penyebab Pityriasis Versicolor dengan prevalensi tinggi di daerah tropis seperti Indonesia. Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) mengandung kurkumin, minyak atsiri, dan fenol yang berpotensi sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari alternatif pengobatan antijamur berbasis herbal.
Metode: Penelitian true experimental dengani desain Post-test Only Control Group menggunakan metode sumuran. Ekstrak kunyit diperoleh melalui maserasi etanol 96% dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2,5%, dan 5%. Ketokonazol digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan DMSO 10% sebagai kontrol negatif. Data dianalisis dengan One Way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Bonferroni.
Hasil: Konsentrasi 1% dan 2,5% tidak menghambat jamur, sedangkan 5% menghasilkan zona hambat lemah (10,50 mm). Kontrol positif menunjukkan daya hambat tinggi (28,13 mm), sementara kontrol negatif tidak menunjukkan zona hambat.
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak kunyit 5% memiliki daya hambat lemah terhadap Malassezia furfur, sedangkan konsentrasi 1% dan 2,5% tidak efektif secara in vitro
Luaran Pasien Geriatri dengan Sepsis di Unit Perawatan Intensif: Analisis Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit
Full text linkLatar belakang: Sepsis merupakan kondisi mengancam jiwa yang ditandai dengan disfungsi organ akibat inflamasi sistematik sebagai respon disregulasi host terhadap infeksi yang dapat terjadi pada semua usia. Angka kematian pada satu tahun pertama pasien sepsis mencapai 31%. Namun, usia tua meningkatkan risiko mortalitas pada pasien geriatric dengan sepsis dikaitkan dengan penurunan fungsi sistem imun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) dengan luaran pasien geriatric dengan sepsis.
Metode: Studi ini termasuk penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif yang melibatkan sampel 40 orang. Data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 26.0. Uji Mann-whitney U test digunakan untuk menilai perbandingan NLR berdasarkan luaran pasien geriatri dengan sepsis.
Hasil: Pasien geriatri dengan sepsis yang meninggal memiliki nilai NLR yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang hidup (25,27 (13,84 - 40,15); 7,14 (0,88 - 14,38)) dengan nilai signifikansi p<0,05.
Kesimpulan: Kadar NLR yang tinggi berhubungan dengan mortalitas pada pasien geriatri dengan sepsis
Umbilical Cord MSC-Secretome Therapy Enhances Erectile Function in Elderly Men
Full text linkBackground: Reduced erectile capacity often appears as part of physiological shifts during aging potentially implicating broader physiological or social realms. These declines originate from intricate underlying conditions: endothelial dysfunction, unstable hormonal patterns, compromised vascular structures, oxidative stress escalations, and inflammatory cascades. Recently, attention has drifted towards secretome derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC)—an eclectic blend of cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and growth factors—suggesting foundational regenerative qualities surpassing conventional symptomatic therapies, like phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5i).
Methods: In this study, ederly male participants (n=64, aged ≥60) diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED) received intracavernosal UCMSC-secretome injections every two weeks for three sessions. No control group was included; efficacy was tracked through pre- and post-intervention evaluations using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5).
Results: A statistically notable improvement emerged—average IIEF-5 scores increasing by about 5.49 points (p<0.001; Cohen’s d=1.99). With the satisfaction averaging approximately 8.03/10.
Conclusion: Extensive, randomized controlled trials could more conclusively elucidate the genuine potential of secretome interventions
Farmakogenomik Metabolisme Obat: Menelusuri Variasi Genetik dan Dampaknya terhadap Respon terhadap Obat
Full text linkLatar belakang: Farmakogenomik merupakan studi bagaimana susunan genetic memengaruhi responsnya terhadap pengobatan yang dapat menyebabkan variasi respons pengobatan. Farmakogenomik bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan efektivitas pengobatan sekaligus meminimalkan reaksi obat yang merugikan. Namun, terdapat tantangan yang menghambat seperti keterjangkauan uji genetik, infrastruktur, seta edukasi bagi tenaga kesehatan.
Isi: Farmakogenomik menawarkan peluang besar dalam personalisasi terapi untuk penyakit kronis seperti gangguan psikiatri. Profiling genetic terhadap varian enzim cytochrome seperti CYP2C19 dan CYP2D6 telah terbukti meningkatkan pemilihan dan penyesuaian dosis obat, sehingga dapat menurunkan risiko efek samping. Pedoman klinis dari Clinical Pharmacogenetis Implementastion Consortium (CPIC) semakin memfasilitasi penerjemahan riset farmakogenomik ke dalam praktik klinis yang aplikatif, dengan menyediakan kerangka kerja terstruktur untuk integrasi data genetic dalam layanan kesehatan.
Kesimpulan: Integrasi farmakogenomik ke dalam praktik klinis rutin menawarkan pendekatan yang transformatif dalam layanan kesehatan, dengan potensi untuk memperbaiki hasil terapeutik secara global
Hipertensi Pulmoner Terkait Penyakit Paru (Hipertensi Pulmoner Tipe 3)
Full text linkLatar belakang: Hipertensi pulmoner adalah penyakit fatal dari berbagai etiologi yang diperkirakan memengaruhi lebih dari 100 juta orang di seluruh dunia. Penyakit ini didefiniskan secara hemodinamik sebagai tekanan rata-rata arteri pulmonalis ≥ 25 mmHg saat istirahat.
Isi: Hipertensi pulmoner menyebabkan berbagai kondisi dan komplikasi klinis terutama gangguan pada sistem kardiovaskular dan respirasi. Hipertensi polmuner akibat penyakit paru-paru dan/atau hipoksia yang menrupakan klasifkasi tipe 3 adalah salah satu bentuk HP yang sering terjadi. Berbagai penyakit paru dan keadaan hipoksia telah lama dikenal sebagai keadaan yang menginduksi perubahan sistem vaskular pulmoner melalui berbagai mekanisme yang belum sepenuhnya dimengerti.
Kesimpulan: Mekanisme patologi hipertensi pulmoner terkait penyakit paru kronis, seperti penyakit paru obstruktif kronik, penyakit paru interstitial, penyakit paru campuran pola restriksi dan obstruksi, gangguan pernapasan saat tidur, gangguan hipoventilasi alveolar, paparan lama terhadap ketinggian dan kelainan perkembangan paru adalah adanya remodeling pembuluh darah disertai disfungsi endotel diakibatkan hipoksia kronik
Karakteristik Pasien Epistaksis di Rsud Malinau Kalimantan Utara Periode Juli – Desember 2023
Full text linkLatar belakang: Epistaksis merupakan kondisi darurat Telinga, Hidung dan Tenggorokan (THT) yang sering terjadi akibat factor local atau sistemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien epistaksis di RSUD Malinau, Kalimantan Utara.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional retospektif yang bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik pasien epistaksis di RSUD Malinau, Kalimantan Utara, periode Juli – Desember tahun 2023. Darah diambil dari 41 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.
Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan epistaksis terjadi pada anak usia 5-11 tahun (29,3%), laki-laki (56,1%), dengan penyebab local (61%) dan perdarahan anterior (61%).
Kesimpulan: Mayoritas kasus epistaksis di RSUD Malinau terjadi pada anak laki-laki usia sekolah dengan etiologi lokal dan perdarahan anterior
Myoma-Related Altered Tubal Anatomy as an Etiologic Factor in Recurrent Ectopic Pregnancy and Infertility: A Case Report
No full textBackground: Recurrent ectopic pregnancy remains a significant and complex challenge in obstetric care, particularly when accompanied by comorbid conditions such as uterine myomas.
Case Description: We report the case of a 30-year-old woman with a history of two ectopic pregnancies—one involving the right fallopian tube and the other the left—along with a large subserosal uterine myoma. Diagnosis was established via transvaginal ultrasonography and supporting laboratory investigations. The patient underwent a laparotomy with salpingotomy and myomectomy in an effort to preserve reproductive capacity. Timely surgical intervention and comprehensive postoperative management resulted in favorable clinical outcomes, preventing complications and supporting recovery.
Conclusion: This case underscores the critical importance of individualized clinical management and interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing complex gynecologic presentations. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interplay between uterine myomas and ectopic pregnancy and to assess their long-term impact on fertility. Development of more refined diagnostic and therapeutic protocols may contribute to improved maternal outcomes and reproductive preservation
Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase Activity from Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit\u27s polyphenols: In-Silico Study
No full textBackground: Hyperlipidemia is a group of conditions, both inherited and acquired, where there is too much fat in the body. While the condition itself often doesn\u27t cause noticeable symptoms, it can lead to serious diseases that may be dangerous. HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) is the enzyme that antihyperlipidemic medicines target. Recent studies suggest that eating diets based on date fruits may provide several health benefits, mainly because they are rich in plant-based polyphenols.
Objective: This study looked at how polyphenols from date palms might stop HMG-CoA reductase from working. The polyphenols tested came from Phoenix dactylifera L. fruit and included gallic acid, catechin, rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid.
Methods: The study used a computer-based method called molecular docking to predict how well these compounds could block the enzyme. Binding affinity scores were used to measure how strongly they could stop the enzyme. The process included preparing the chemicals and protein, running the docking simulation, and checking if the compounds were likely to be used as drugs.
Results: The study found that date palm polyphenols could be useful in lowering lipids, with catechin showing the strongest effect, having a binding score of −8.5.
Conclusion: Polyphenols in dates can act as natural agents to lower lipids by stopping the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, making them a possible addition to treatments for high lipid levels