880 research outputs found
Sort by
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN TREATMENT-SEEKING ARAB PATIENTSWITH OBESITY
Get PDFBackground & Aim: Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an important outcome that reflectsthe impact of chronic diseases on patients’ wellbeing. There is a paucity of studies on HRQoL and obesity in Arab-speaking countries. Therefore we aimed to investigate this outcome in this population. METHODS: The HRQoL was assessed by the validated Arabic version of the ORWELL 97 questionnaire in 116 seeking-treatment patients with obesity referred to the Nutritional and Weight management outpatient clinic of Beirut Arab University (BAU) in Lebanon, matched by age and gender to 116 normal-weight participants. RESULTS: Patients with obesity displayed higher total ORWELL 97 scores when compared with normal-weight controls (52.16 ± 33.34 vs. 13.04 ± 11.36, p \u3c 0.001), and linear regression analysis showed that the increase of Body Mass Index (BMI) among patients with obesity is associated with an increase of ORWELL 97 scores (β= 1.790, 95% CI= 0.808 - 2.772, p \u3c 0.001). Moreover, the logistic regression analysis showed that regardless the class of obesity, the only one-unit increase in BMI may increase the odds of scoring above 71.75 increased by nearly 11% (OR, 95% CI= 1.110, 1.003 - 1.229, p=0.04), which is considered indicative of a clinically significant impairment of HRQoL, especially in those with lower social status (i.e. lower education and unemployed). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are considered new in an Arab population, and showed that obesity impairs HRQoL in treatment-seeking patients, where higher BMI is associated with more impairment in HRQoL. Moreover, interestingly an only one-unit increase in BMI dramatically increases the risk of HRQoL impairment to become clinically significant. Future studies are needed on larger scale in different Arab countries, to identify factors that are mostly associated with HRQoL, and to detect also changes in the latter in association with obesity treatment
Defects in drafting a court decision
No full textThe Code of Civil procedure did not define the judicial judgment, but only tackled the matters related to its issuance, effects, correction and interpretation. So this task is assigned to the jurisprudence and the doctrine that are considered the two main informal source of the legal rule and the two official sources for the judicial system in applying and interpreting the legal rules. What matters to us in this field is the way of drafting judgment particularly the defects that may occur in its formulation. To the contrary to the legal rule which is general and abstract, the judicial system is characterized by its privacy and relativism. The role of the judge is to apply the legal text to specific case. On this basis, when drafting a judgment, many requirements should be respected, for example, the choice of clear and appropriate terms, phrases or expressions while drafting the judgment to avoid any confusion or multiple interpretation
EVALUATION OF THE RISK OF DEVELOPING WORKRELATEDMUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN PRECLINICALAND CLINICAL DENTAL STUDENTS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders in preclinical and clinical dental students in Beirut Arab University (BAU) clinics.190 students were recruited from the Faculty of Dentistry at BAU: 95 preclinical and 95clinical dentistry students, and asked to fill the Ergonomic Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ). Then the students were blindly assessed by a physical therapist using Rapid Entire Body Assessment Scale (REBA) scale.Results indicated that 90% of the preclinical and clinical students are at medium to high risk of developing musculoskeletal problems. In addition, 78% of preclinical students showed awareness regarding ergonomics compared to 83% of clinical students. However, only 44% of preclinical students and 62% of clinical students follow good ergonomic practices in their work. On the other hand, 58% of preclinical students and 81% of clinical students suffer from musculoskeletal disorders, but only 23% and 33% of preclinical and clinical students, respectively, are seeking medical consultation. Even though dental curricula integrates the work-related ergonomic challenges in several courses, measures seems to be unsatisfactory to lower the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Adoption of more interactive and effective means to foster proper ergonomics is recommended. Incorporating good ergonomics should start in dental practice in order to avoid illnesses and injuries and to increase efficiency and productivity
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROCESS MANAGEMENT
Get PDFCreating a new building can be seen as an unequivocal process which requires input from a variety of resources, using a range of abilities and skills to arrange and manage factors as well as resolving combative and quarrelsome issues. The performance of the design process in the building industry has a great influence on the success of subsequent processes in construction projects and also on the outcome of the quality of the final product. Despite its importance, relatively little significance has been given to the management of the design process. The research will dissect and analyze the process of building design and identify the building designer’s relationship with other role players in the design and construction teams, the ideas are further developed into proposals which are capable of being built and which will satisfy the needs of the inhabitants. The research aim to bridge the gap between the advanced design process and the architectural business field, this research addresses the design implications of business decisions and vice versa, this subject is concerned with value: the value of design and its management. There was a need for management thinking and tools that supported and enhanced, rather than distracted from, the act of creating architecture. Efforts to combine managerial thinking and architectural management design coupled with design organizations eventually gave rise to the establishment of ‘Architectural Management’ as a new research domain
قمة العالم للمناخ ومستقبل البشرية
Get PDFتنظم هيئة الأمم المتحدة فى العاصمة الدانماركية كوبنهاجن خلال الفترة من 7-18/12/2009 المؤتمر العالمى لقمة المناخClimate Change Summit ، الذى تشترك فيه 192 دولة، ويشارك فيه أكثر من 100 رئيس دولة وحكومة. وتعقد هذه القمة الآن فى وقت حاسم من أجل مجابهة تعاظم ظواهر الأحتباس الحرارى، ومواجهة تردى توابعها المدمرة فى كافة أنحاء الأرض والكون. ومن المعروف أن اتفاقية كيوتو قد أوشكت على الأنتهاء فى عام 2012، دون الألتزام بمقرراتها الهامة للحد من الأحتباس الحرارى فى مواقيت محددة، خاصة من قبل الدول الصناعية الكبرى المسئولة عن أغلب الأنبعاثات الغازية المتسببة فى تفاقم الظواهر الخطيرة للأحتباس الحرارى
RE-HUMANISATION OF THE ARAB CITIESTHE CASE OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT
Get PDFUrban revolution is bringing about a qualitative transform which can be linked to globalization of economy and of technologies. This in turn makes transformations to the “human face” of city. The traditional Islamic city, with its humanisation features, has a cultural, social, political, economic and ecological logic in terms of physical fabric, layout, and uses. This can provide a lesson for modern planning and design practices. Time has come to re-create the conditions that will restore to the metropolises of today their role as centers of cultural influence and democracy. Fight against intolerance, poverty, injustice, social and cultural exclusion, affirmation of solidarity as a fundamental value of democracy and human rights, promotion of a culture of peace and education for citizenship are just few of the challenges still to be taken up along the road to the humanisation city. Consequently, decline of concept and form in contemporary urban planning around the Arab world is discussed through studying the impact of modern Western urbanization on the urban forms in recent decades. Onslaught has affected modern Arab cities that have become culturally, environmentally, and socially inhuman as they lack to strategies and solutions to meet challenges of reducing or repairing damages brought forth. This study discussed the human principles shaping traditional Islamic city, forces that affect modern Arab cities and inhuman aspects of these cities. Furthermore, a case study of human face of Alexandria, the second capital of Egypt, was presented. The study aims at answering questions such as: “What is the meaning of “humanising the city”, and what are its requirements?”, Do planning and urban design in our cities respond to human needs?”, Could principles of traditional Islamic cities be adapted to meet modern functionality and living standards maintaining its high congruence with our natural, religious and socio-cultural environment?”, etc. This study uses a combination of design research methods that combine quantitative and qualitative approaches by including both qualitative and quantitative data. The study concludes that absence of any correlation between humanisation principles and morphological characteristics of the modern Arab cities is the main reason of social, ecological and identity crisis of the urban communities. Some principles of traditional Islamic cities could be adapted to meet modern cities. It is still very relevant and viable to today\u27s urban requirement of our society. Moreover, there is an urgent need to apply these principles in a modern context to bring our cities back to its humanisation feature
The judge intervention in the contract
No full textThe reinforcement of the powers of the judge in the contract constitutes the emblematic contribution of the reform of the French Civil Code. The judge\u27s interference in the contract has always been cynically watched by lawyers, practitioners and authors. The reform, however, seems to go against this traditional achievement since it establishes a new right of interference in the contract. The judge is, in fact, endowed with a power to review the contract for unforeseen circumstances and to eliminate unfair terms and to sanction the abuse of dependence. Thus, the considerable increase in legal standards reflects a new type of judicial subjectivism. One thinks in particular of qualitative standards such as reasonable , manifestly excessive , significant imbalance , legitimate expectations , or even manifest disproportion
QUANTITATIVE ASSAY OF BINARY AND TERNARY CARDIOVASCULAR MIXTURES USING ABSORPTION SUBTRACTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD
Get PDFObjective: Development and validation of specific spectrophotometric analytical method for the simultaneous determination of co-administered cardiovascular mixtures consisting of Aspirine (ASP) and Prasugrel (PRA) binary mixture and Ticagrelor (TICA), Irbesartan (IRB) and Hydrochlorothazide (HCT) ternary mixture.
Methods: The proposed spectrophotometric method was based on Absorbance Subtraction, where, when a mixture of two drugs X and Y having overlapped spectra, intersecting at isoabsorptive point and Y spectrum is extended more than X, while X doesn’t show any absorbance (A2) at another wavelength (λ2), X and Y could be determined in the mixture by simple mathematical manipulation
Results: This method obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 5-50 μg/ml for ASP, 5-25 μg/ml for PRAS, 10-30 μg/ml for TICA, 0.5-2 μg/ml for IRB, 4-10 μg/ml for HCT. The suggested method was applied on laboratory prepared mixtures and was successfully applied in quality control analysis of combined pharmaceutical dosage forms. The developed spectrophotometric method was validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out, where excellent percentage recoveries were obtained. The developed spectrophotometric method was also compared to reference HPLC methods.
Conclusion: The developed spectrophotometric method based on absorption subtraction is an easy, simple and time saving method, that was able to determine the active ingredients in the binary and ternary pharmaceutical formulation without any interference from then excipients
EVALUATING THE TRANSFORMATION OF LAND USE AND MORPHOLOGY ON THE MICROCLIMATE: THE CASE OF GEMMAYZEH NEIGHBOURHOOD – BEIRUT
Get PDFThis paper investigates the effect of urban areas on local climate by examining the correlation between urban morphology, land use and urban thermal climates. It focuses on Gemmayzeh area in Beirut. Urban parameters were evaluated by developing an energy balance model with the aim of understanding how heterogeneous geometry, height, and finishing material can change the mechanical and thermal structure of the urban atmosphere. It simulates the current urban condition in order to compare it with other scenarios using ENVI-met 4.The results from the numerical simulation reveal that a network of green infrastructure connecting the existing green patches can ameliorate heat extraction and improve the outdoor thermal comfort level. The PMV value at the pedestrian level is reduced from extreme heat stress to moderate heat stress near the green areas. The study concludes that Beirut city center can mitigate the urban heat island by using vegetation and especially green roofs and densification of high trees in the left over spaces
THE IMPACT OF INTERACTIVE INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION QUALITY DETERMINANTS AND COORDINATION ON AUDIT REPORT LAG
Get PDFThe current study has three main objectives: (1) to investigate the joint impact of internal audit function (IAF) independence factors and competence on the coordination between IAF and external auditor (EA); (2) to examine the effect of coordination on audit report lag; (3) to investigate the joint impact of IAF independence factors and competence on audit report lag. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge there is no previous study shed the light on the interactive impact of IAF quality determinants on coordination and on audit delay. In addition, this study is the first that examines the mediating effect of coordination on the associations between the interactive IAF quality determinants and audit report lag. This paper is conducted based on a sample of Lebanese banks operating in Lebanon, focusing on the three-year period from 2016 to 2018. The researchers adopt the Partial Least Square (PLS) 3 for analyzing data and testing the posited hypotheses. The results show that the first and second interactions between IAF independence factors and competence have respectively moderate and weak positive effect on coordination. The outcomes also show that the first and second interactions have respectively weak and moderate negative effect on audit report lag. However, both coordination and bank size (control variable) have no effect on audit report lag. The results also reveal that there is no mediating effect of coordination on the associations between each of interaction (1) and (2) and audit report lag. This study has some limitations that can be used as base for further future research. For example, the current paper is conducted on a small sample size that may limit the power of this research to generalize its findings. The results of this study provide significant insights to the board of directors, audit committees (ACs), IAFs, managements, and EAs of the Lebanese banking sector, and the governmental and regulatory bodies of the banking sector