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WALKING DIAGONALLY: A SIMPLE PROOF OF COUNTABILITY OF THE SET OF ALL FINITE SUBSETS OF NATURALS
Get PDFThe countability of the set of finite subsets of natural numbers is derived. In addition to the derivation itself, the use of diagonal method is illustratively presented; thinking about infinite sets relate to the name of Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor, the creator of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics. The proof of the claim is original, although the theorem is an analogy with the famous theorem about the countability of rational numbers. A certain insight into the subsets of natural numbers is given. Anyway, the technique could be considered already at high school level as it is essential for mathematical thinking
ESCAPING DESTRUCTIVE COMMUNITIES TOWARDS AN UNDERGROUND UTOPIAN SPACE
Get PDFGoing to the underground has always been the escape for people in harsh cases like wars and natural disasters. While the city centers are surrendered to the seizing through global capital, more density is forced on the territories of the city in the form of urban sprawl, leading to the uncontrolled, unplanned and unrestricted urban spreading, and then forcing to look for an escape for this continuous growth. Subterranean architecture would be the escaping solution that architects will depend on in the future. Subterranean architecture refers to the underground structure that is built in unique sites and where traditional buildings can not be built. Humans sought for subterranean architecture years before when tunnels and caves where built. According to that, this architecture type was known as flexible, secure and protective for its location and conservation. In the case of over populated cities, subterranean architecture is caused by the need of the urban residents to escape density towards a more settled environment. Therefore, this research aims to design a well-defined studied strategy for designing underground space, and shed the lights on the importance of underground space for the cities and environment in the future. To achieve this aim, the study will start by presenting a literature review after reading and analyzing subterranean architecture and underground structure articles and case studies, to discuss this phenomenon and its effect on urbanization, city structure and pattern and architectural heritage. For the urban pattern to be maintained, and for the future architecture to be more relevant, this architecture would be the solution that will be followed in the coming years
OPEN SPACES AS VIBRANT PLACES TO REDUCE SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL FRAGMENTATION. CASE OF BEIRUT CORNISH, LEBANON
Get PDFAccording to UN Habitat, as had been mentioned in The Journal of Public Spaces 2018 Under title “Lebanon Cities’ Public Spaces”, and based on the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations regarding the minimum required area of Public spaces in the cities, the following had been noticed: Beirut city has few public spaces that are always rapist from the local government without having the ability to face. At the present time, the capital suffers from distinct lack of public spaces where the various population groups can meet and come along. Despite the fact that an open public space in Beirut would decrease air pollution and improve public well being, there are no political initiatives to create them. Moreover, with the failure of the municipality in protecting these spaces and the citizen’s right to it, it is preventing the most vulnerable and poor people and families from the little remaining that they don’t have any alternative for it. Currently, the promenade is considered among the last few remaining breathing spaces for inhabitants and it is characterized by the uniqueness as a space in Beirut. As a consequence of the current situation and the closure imposed by the municipality because of the pandemic without providing a workable solution are depriving people of the little that remains. Accordingly, the civil society, local activist groups and the municipality will have to play a major role to create awareness and sense of urgency. Thus, to push toward quick actions for proper respond and suitable solutions and interventions. The purpose of this study is to develop guidelines that would ensure a better social inclusion and respond to user’s needs by prioritizing physical, mental health and well being in the use of Beirut seafront promenade
KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) AMONG LEBANESE HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Get PDFDuring the first week of March, the surge of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reached over 100 countries with more than 100,000 cases. Healthcare authorities have already initiated awareness and preparedness activities beyond borders. A poor understanding of the disease among healthcare workers (HCWs) may result in delayed treatment and the rapid spread of infection. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of HCWs about COVID-19. A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among HCWs about COVID19, where a 23-item survey instrument was developed and distributed randomly to HCWs using google forms and email portals. The majority of the sample were females (75.5%) and have been working as registered nurses (50.3%), where their main source of information was their hospital and the Ministry of Health, followed by the social media the results of the study showed that the healthcare providers had adequate knowledge and positive perception regarding the prevention of COVID-19, however they have expressed concerns regarding contracting the infection and infecting family members. There has been a significant difference between those who have attended lectures and trainings and who have not on the level of the knowledge and perceptions (
BIG DATA, CUSTOMER CENTRICITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY
Get PDFDue to the huge progress in technology particularly the internet, people around the globe are generating huge amount of data that reflects their personal and unique behaviors. The analytics of big data that has facilitated capturing this rich data on customer in real time helped shifting the business model of banks towards customers. In parallel, nowadays customers are more aware of the need to safeguard the planet for the future generations and are exerting pressures on businesses including banks to become green and sustainable banks. Although banking industry has adopted sustainable development to save its reputation globally that has been hit by recurrent financial crisis. However, banks strategies on sustainability do not focus directly on customers. The aim of this paper is to introduce and define big data, customer centricity and sustainability in the banking industry and map the need to leverage on big data and intertwine sustainable perspective to personalized services and marketing function by Lebanese banks to be able to survive fierce competition and to move towards customer experience management that ensure banks sustainable competitive differentiation needed to achieve sustainable performance and growth in an era of digital transformation that may disrupt the industry business model. This study developed a framework that introduces a relationship between big data, data analytics, customer centricity, sustainability and performance for Lebanese bank
AN EXPLORATION OF CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED) PRINCIPLES FOR ENHANCING SAFETY AND SECURITY IN THE DESIGN OF ADAMAWA STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ HOSTEL, MUBI
Get PDFPeople across the world face growing insecurity, violent conflict spreading and intensifying and the natural systems on which human life depends on, is in jeopardy. Also, today the security condition of student hostel has become one of the major challenges facing Nigerian institutions, with continual media coverage of the state of insecurity of the students’ hostel, level of theft, burglary, abductions, and kidnappings. This research set out to proffer solutions to the rising insecurity challenges in the students’ hostel. This was achieved through the development of a framework from CPTED, on architectural strategies used to deter crime from thriving in the students’ hostel environment. A user perception survey was carried out using questionnaire issued to occupants of the various hostels. A case study was also carried out using visual survey and checklist to identify safety and security inadequacies in the buildings. Findings from questionnaire and case study revealed that the perceived level of safety was higher in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, then University of Maiduguri and least perception of students’ safety and security seen in Adamawa State University, Mubi. Hence, confirming the need to improve the impediment of variables like perimeter control, building configuration, external wall design, window design and site planning and layout, in respect to CPTED principles in the design of student hostel buildings in Nigeria
EXPLORING A NEW URBAN STRATEGY TO ORGANIZE THE INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN TRIPOLI
Get PDFA dynamic urban form can be defined as emerging in the planning, and development of urban centers as a city where there is a defined perimeter, inside which lies a population that is self-sufficient supporting by the technologies and economy within the city fully employs the population, the services, and cultural infrastructure within the city are sufficient to supply for the population in the cities. One of the most significant driving forces of change in any urban system is population development. This randomness in growth causes an imbalance in the civil system through environmental problems on the life system that change year after year with the emergence of environmental, health, and economic problems. In addition to the revolutions in economic development and technology, rapid urban growth can be defined by the development of suburban expansion and city center regeneration. The main aim is to challenge the static nature of traditional urban planning processes and practices to look at the potential benefits of developing cities with a focus on technology, urban layout, ecology, sustainability in Lebanon-Tripoli Saki Al-Shemaly. This research approach to futuristic strategies design based on live problems, rearrangement urban city’s zoning, design multi-function buildings, protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity to reach the Quality-of-Life Efficient Land-Use, Preservation Efficient, Transportation Management and Efficient Use of Resources to evolve and adapt to the changes, and demands of the future city. The city must grow upward or downward if the urban population swells
PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE CONTAINING CRUSHED LIMESTONE AS TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF NATURAL SAND AND RECYCLED ENGINE OIL
Get PDFThe rapid growth in the construction industry at the global level has made concrete the most widely used construction material throughout the world. Accordingly, the consumption of natural sand which is one the main raw material constituent of concrete is continuously growing. The demand for river sand is highly increasing due to its scarcity in the market. Manufactured sand produced by crushed rock is being considered as an appropriate alternative to replace river sand in concrete. In recent years, there is a growing interest in the use of crushed sand obtained from limestone quarries in some countries where river sand is not widely available”. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of total replacement of the natural sand by fine aggregates obtained from crushed limestone. However, it needs more research on the crushed stone fine aggregates to reveal its engineering properties prior to utilization in concrete. Another objective of this study is to study the effect of using the waste engine oil as partial replacement of water reducing admixture. The use of waste engine oil in concrete is beneficial for the environment. It is to be noted that some countries are recycling this used oil but others are throwing it in the sea and harming the marine life. In this paper, different combinations and grading of fine lime stone and coarse aggregates were tried in order to attain the optimal proportion that provide an acceptable concrete performance in terms of workability and compressive strength. Also, different percentages of admixture replacement ranging from zero to one hundred percent of the used engine oil were tried in the selected optimal mixture proportion. The final selected proportion using engine oil and crushed limestone could be considered as an economical solution and friendly environmental concrete product
AN EVIL WHO TEACHES HUMILITY IN THE NOVEL «LA COURONNE DU DIABLE» FROM ALEXANDRE NAJJARUN MAL QUI ENSEIGNE L’HUMILITÉ DANS LA COURONNE DU DIABLED’ALEXANDRE NAJJAR »
No full textAbstract: After many natural disasters, a sanitary disaster overwhelms the planet earth, the COVID19 pandemic. Alexandre Najjar writes about this crisis in a novel translate as “The devil’s crown”. The author uses the way of testimony to describe the way the characters live the confinement in different countriesand the consequences of an unprecedent situation on the psyche: fear of the other, feeling imprisoned, powerlessness. The intervention includes the analysis of the title, the choice of the polyphonyand the similarity between this novel and an ancient tragedy.
Résumé: Après plusieurs catastrophes naturelles, une catastrophe sanitaire accable aujourd’hui notre planète : la pandémie de Covid19. Alexandre Najjara éprouvé la nécessité d’écrire un roman sur la crise que nous vivons, La Couronne du diable, sous forme detémoignages sur le vécu du confinement dans différents pays et des conséquences psychiques entraînées par une situation sans précédent : peur de l’autre, sentiment d’être emprisonné, impuissance… Notre intervention comprendra une analyse du titre ; une réflexion sur le choix de la polyphonie et la similarité du roman avec la tragédie antique
ARCHITECTURE OF UTOPIAN SOCIAL BATTERY IN THE NEOLIBERAL CITIES
Get PDFDuring the span of the recorded history, there has been always a continual eagerness to reach what is seen as a perfect place, this perfection has been later called utopia or the ‘non-existent place’ in Greek. Eventually, the perception of utopia differs between people, groups, eras, and many other factors, it’s a simultaneous desire of improving the current conditions. One of these perceived utopias was Neo-liberalism, which is an economic philosophy with ideas linked with free-market, economic liberalism, and capitalism. Indeed, this utopia has turned into a dystopia in which this philosophy became a prevalent mode of producing cities that is designed to keep the production flow and reproduction of labour. Unfortunately, this model of producing cities faced several failures, but this has not changed the truth that this model was superimposed over any other existing model. Moreover, this model has become a hegemonic model, and the latest demonic phase of it is the financialisation of the city, which transformed the city to a place to park capital and observe its surplus, and more a place that provides a ground of revenues and interest rather promoting social life for its habitants and provoked more exclusion, precarity, and temporariness. Therefore, this research aims to design social batteries that will act as initiators of utopian socio-spatial reconstruction in the neoliberal city, to achieve this aim the study will start by presenting a literature review of previous readings, opinions, and proposals. Considering the case study, this paper will be studying the communal sovereignty in the Dalieh, Beirut. One of the last remaining public outlets in Beirut and a significant part of the cultural and environmental heritage of the city. This analysis will include surveying, interviews, focus group discussion, and generation of mapped and statistical data of the city. The paper will conclude with a vision of socio-spatial instruments that will be injected and dissolved within the city, those instruments called social batteries are precise interventions with intended overlapping of programs that allow reconstruction of social spaces that resemble the city and its citizens\u27 needs