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Setting the foundation of remuneration. An in-depth exploration and taxanomy of (Executive) Remuneration principles
No full text(Executive) remuneration principles are systems of beliefs and reasoning employed by the board of directors and remuneration committees to support the design of executive remuneration systems1. These principles – often expressed through phrases like ‘pay-for-performance’ and ‘competitive pay’ – are affirmative statements that influence remuneration decisions, and they act as a cornerstone guiding the design of executive remuneration
Risk response budget allocation based on fault tree analysis and optimization
No full textBudget allocation in project risk response is a vital issue in project risk management since it relates to a reasonable utilization of strict project budgets and effective mitigations of the risks that typify projects. This paper presents an integrated method based on an optimization model and fault tree analysis for allocating a risk response budget from a preventive and protective perspective. The proposed method consists of three main steps. The first step is to analyse and calculate risk probabilities and risk losses which involves identifying risk causes that may trigger a risk event to occur using fault tree analysis. It also identifies consequences once the risk event occurs, evaluates the occurrence probabilities of risk causes and expected financial losses of consequences. The second step is to build a relationship between the budget allocated to risk response strategies and the corresponding response effects. The third step is to construct an optimization model aiming at minimizing the total risk cost. We present proofs for the optimal risk response strategy in special cases of the budget allocation model. Furthermore, a detailed computational experiment is performed to gain insights into the three-phased budget allocation model for more general cases. The results show that an optimal risk response budget can be determined and the structure of the risk network has a significant impact on the preferred risk response strategy
Academy of Management Proceedings
No full textRecently, scholars have been calling for research on how cognitive differences between Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) affect real options intensity and thus tendency to build strategic flexibility for their firms. At the same, there is limited theorizing on the stages of the real option life cycle – identifying, creating, maintaining, and exercising real options. We contribute to the cognitive perspective and argue that CEO temporal focus – a subjective perception of time – relates to those underlying stages in the real option life cycle and, consequently, affects firm real options intensity. On the one hand, we predict that a higher CEO future focus is beneficial for identifying potential options and creating real options and is therefore positively related to real options intensity. On the other hand, we expect that a higher present focus will lead CEOs to exercise existing real options available to them and therefore negatively relates to firm real options intensity. Further, building on work that considers situational factors which may influence a CEO’s ability and motivation to invest in or exercise real options, we include the opportunity environment as a moderator. Specifically, we argue that the relationships between CEO temporal focus and firm real options intensity are stronger in an environment characterized by scarce opportunities. Using a panel dataset of listed European firms, we find support for our theorizing. Our study emphasizes the substantial impact of the CEO’s temporal focus in shaping their firm’s investment decisions and strategic flexibility
Design principles for a blockchain-based multi-sided platform for the sustainable trade of water: An affordance approach
No full textWater scarcity has become a critical challenge affecting the well-being of many communities worldwide and has been incorporated as one of the focal points within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6). Digital technologies, such as blockchain technology, have shown promising potential to help tackle this issue through smart distribution of water abundancies to water-scarce regions. This research employs affordance theory and affordance-based design (ABD) to investigate the design of blockchain or distributed ledger technology (DLT) to tackle challenges related to water scarcity. Using design science research (DSR), this paper proposes design principles (DP) for a blockchain-based multi-sided platform (MSP) for the smart distribution and trade of water. To obtain our principles, we collaborated with a company employing a blockchain-based MSP for water trade. We identified the different elements of the DPs, including affordances and material properties, and matched these principles with meta-requirements obtained from the literature. This research aims to contribute to the scholarly debate by generating prescriptive knowledge in the form of DPs and providing tangible contributions that shed light on the optimal design of similar blockchain applications. These applications are envisioned to ensure their efficacy in addressing the pressing challenges of water scarcity and equitable water access, thereby fostering a sustainable and resilient future for everyone
Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings
No full textThe Behavioral Theory of the Firm (BTOF) explains the processes with which firms set aspirations, evaluate firm performance relative to those aspirations, and change their strategies in response to attainment discrepancies. While foundational work acknowledged the important role of firms’ executives, few papers have theorized and studied when and how they matter. This is remarkable, considering that the BTOF’s processes require cognitive efforts, including retrieving external information and interpreting feedback, in which executives will likely differ. At the same time, scholars have raised their concerns on contrasting findings reported by prior research. Extending and testing theory on the role of executives through consideration of their individual attributes and biases may help bring reconciliation. This symposium showcases four studies, aiming to facilitate knowledge sharing and discussions on the role of executives in the BTOF. This symposium aspires to appeal to behavioral strategy researchers and other scholars interested in understanding how cognition shapes strategic decision-making
Understanding social sustainability indicators: A systematic literature review towards developing a framework for staging future mega sport events
No full textDegrowth vs. Green Growth. A computational review and interdisciplinary research agenda
No full textThe concepts of Green Growth and Degrowth represent two major narratives in the public and academic debate on socio-ecological transformation. Using a computational literature review based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm, we systematically review 1449 journal articles on Green Growth and Degrowth published between 1972 and 2020. Based on a comprehensive full-text analysis, we uncover the hidden topic structure in the literature and identify a total of 50 topics. Using a comparative analysis of the two research fields, we confirm several findings from previous reviews, including that Green Growth research is highly policy oriented, focuses on practical implementation and builds on empirical research methods, while Degrowth research is highly theory-driven, focuses on the analysis of complex human-nature interrelationships and builds on a sound theoretical and conceptual foundation. Our analysis further reveals that Green Growth and Degrowth are two rather isolated fields of research with little exchange and mutual reference on related topics. However, the topic of social change and transition represents an intersecting and promising future research area. We derive four generalizable recommendations that address current shortcomings and interdisciplinary potentials of Degrowth and Green Growth research and contribute to shaping the future of social-ecological transformation research
Understanding ageism in the workplace (Research Summary)
No full textAn aging population has widereaching social, political and economic implications for societies. Changes in the workforce age composition can create social tensions, perceptions of threat and challenging workplace dynamics, especially between younger and older workers. It is crucial to better understand how younger and older workers see each other, and how this affects how they interact. Although the social psychological literature has provided important insights into ageist perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors, the lion’s share of research has focused on how older people are perceived. However, age biases can be directed at both younger and older adults/workers. This research summary presents key findings of a three-year research project on bidirectional ageism in Portugal, supported by the Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos. Data were collected from different samples, including a 1,000-person representative sample of the Portuguese population. Over 20 surveys were conducted, and an experiment was run to rigorously show effects of ageism on workplace outcomes. A variety of qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to analyse the data. A thorough review of relevant literature was conducted, and experts within and outside of Portugal were consulted along the way. Recommendations are provided for addressing ageism against both younger and older workers
The fairness of human resource management practices: an assessment by the justice sensitive
No full textIntroduction: Although fairness is a pervasive and ongoing concern in organizations, the fairness of human resource management practices is often overlooked. This study examines how individual differences in justice sensitivity influence the extent to which human resource management practices are perceived to convey principles of organizational justice.
Methods: Analysis was performed on a matching sample of 283 university students from three academic units in two countries having responded at two time points. Justice sensitivity was measured with the 40-item inventory developed and validated by Schmitt et al. (2010). Respondents were instructed to indicate to what extent each of 61 human resource management practices generally conveys principles of organizational justice.
Results: Justice sensitivity was positively associated with subsequent assessments of the justice contents of human resource management practices. The distinction between self-oriented and other-oriented justice sensitivities was helpful in determining perceptions of these human resource management practices and of a subset of pay-for-performance practices.
Discussion: The findings inform current research about the meanings borne by human resource management practices, and also increase understanding of entity judgment formation as an important aspect of systemic justice