Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Percepcija javnosti o pripremljenosti za biosferske katastrofe izazvane epidemijama - implikacije na proces upravljanja rizicima
Get PDFBiospheric disasters, among them the first place of the epidemic, pose a serious threat to human security. Starting from the seriousness and characteristic of disasters caused by epidemics, the subject of research is the examination of the nature of the impact of personal and social factors on the perception of the public on the preparedness to respond to biospheric disasters caused by epidemics. Two thousand and five hundred citizens from the area of nineteen local communities were interviewed using multi-pass random sampling. According to the obtained results, it was determined that the level of preparedness of the citizens is at a low level and that they are more prepared men, more educated citizens, the unemployed and those who feel fear. The results of the research can be used to create educational campaigns aimed at raising the level of awareness and preparation of citizens.Biosferske katastrofe među kojima su na prvom mestu epidemije, predstavljaju ozbiljnu pretnju bezbednosti ljudi. Polazeći od ozbiljnosti i karakteristika katastrofa izazvanih epidemijama, predmet istraživanja predstavlja ispitivanje prirode uticaja ličnih i društvenih faktora na percepciju javnosti o pripremljenosti za reagovanje na biosferske katastrofe izazvane epidemijama. Korišćenjem višeetapnog slučajnog uzorkovanja anketirano je dve hiljade i petsto građana sa područja devetnaest lokalnih zajednica. Sudeći prema dobijenim rezultatima, utvrđeno je da je nivo pripremljenosti građana nizak i da su u većoj meri pripremljeni muškarci, obrazovaniji građani, nezaposleni i oni koji osećaju strah. Rezultati istraživanja mogu biti iskorišćeni za kreiranje edukativnih kampanja usmerenih ka podizanju nivoa svesti i pripremljenosti građana
Knowledge of children and youth about forest fires: Discrepancies between basic perception and reality
Get PDFForests have a vital role for all living things. Children understanding of forest phenomena is the important knowledge for various sectors such as educators, policymakers, environmentalists, etc. This paper deals with the factors that affect knowledge and perception of forest fires of students, aged 10 to 19, in the city of Belgrade. The research was conducted between October 20th, 2013 and February 3rd, 2014. The authors have used a method of surveying students in order to identify and describe the factors affecting their knowledge about forest fires. A total of 3,548 students from 18 schools in Belgrade participated in the survey. The results of the research show that there is a discrepancy between perception and reality that is what students think they know and what they actually know in very basic terms. This set of findings in combination with other findings of moderators replicates previous research on the need for educational programs to ensure there is a match between youth confidence about what they know of hazards and their actual knowledge levels. Mismatches between the two could have serious consequences in disaster risk reduction terms. Given basic knowledge gaps here, this translates into educational programming that then needs to take account of this basic discrepancy to ensure, even from the early ages, consistency between 'knowledge and coping confidence' and actual knowledge and ability to cope and respond
Trends in peace research: Can cyber détente lead to lasting peace?
No full textIn this chapter, the authors discuss the phenomenon of interstate conflicts in cyber space. In the last twenty years, this issue has become more explicit, and countries are making increasingly frequent mutual cyber warfare and cyber espionage accusations. The political and military elite of conflicting countries perceive the situation as very serious and are preparing not only for defending their segment of cyber space, but for developing offensive strategies for cyber warfare, as well. The authors endeavor to contribute to peace research by examining the possibilities for achieving cyber détente, the idea promoted by Henry Kissinger in 2011. In this chapter, the authors identify and analyze problems whose solution should be the focus of the States Parties to cyber détente: the question of denotation and potential desecuritization of technical terms, the question of identification and classification of cyber threats and the problem of the legal framework for their opposition. In addition, the authors give guidelines for their solution, based on securitization theory
Monitoring sajber nasilja
No full textNagli razvoj tehnologije uticao je na povećan broj adolescenata koji koriste
računare i mobilne telefone, kako u školi, tako i kod kuće. Takođe, sve je prisutnija i upotreba različitih tehnoloških platformi od strane adolescenata, kao što su društvene mreže (Facebook, Google+), blogovi, sajtovi za deljenje fotografi ja ili video-snimaka (Flickr, YouTube), forumi i diskusione grupe itd. Pored pozitivnih efekata koje tehnološke platforme imaju u edukaciji, postoje problemi kao što je sajber nasilje, koje može imate brojne posledice na celokupni život žrtve. Anonimnost koju pruža internet omogućava zaštitu nasilnika. Često nepromišljeno napisane reči, ili diskriminišuće slike, imaju mnogo jači efekat, no čak i fi zičko nasilje u realnom svetu. Vrše se intenzivna istraživanja u otkrivanju i prevenciji sajber nasilja i u radu su predočene neka od mogućih rešenja.urednici Milan Lipovac, Svetlana Stanarević, Želimir Kešetović
Intelligence Analysis Models for Asymmetric Threats
No full textIntelligence analysis in the 21st century, in the light of (post)modern security challenges, vulnerabilities, and threats, is completely adjusted to achieving asymmetric advantage, primarily through development of new techniques and methods for obtaining the data, but also with the use of new and more diverse information sources. New Information and Communication Technologies not only allowed to possible asymmetric threat subjects to increase their capabilities, but also required from nations to adapt their own capacities in new circumstances. The old threat paradigm (Cold War, traditional) asked for appropriate intelligence paradigm based on clear threat(s) holder and relatively known outcome of potential conflict (Mutually Assured Destruction). The new threat paradigm (post-Cold War, post-modern) expanded its focus on the new spectrum of security challenges, vulnerabilities and threats, whose subjects are no longer single nations and their national security capacities. New circumstances are additionally ‘aggravated’ by the fact that the post-Cold War period is at the same time the age of information and communication technology ‘explosion’, which certainly and largely effected the increase of academic community interest and stimulated research and development of appropriate intelligence models for the analysis of new threats in the new environment. In that manner, new intelligence analysis knowledge and skills were developed, especially in the context of situation development analysis in contemporary asymmetric conflicts. The most common models used for the asymmetric threat analysis are advanced systems for threat modelling, as well as models for analysis and response to asymmetric threats. In this paper, we present a brief chronological preview of transformation of the “old threat paradigm” into the new threat paradigm, from academic perspective, with recognizing the key elements that affected the improvement of national intelligence capacities. Then we gave a preview of some of the most significant intelligence analysis models in the context of new threat paradigm, and we explain their mutual relationship
Bezbednosna provera - kontroverze u radu organa bezbednosti (komparativni pravni i bezbednosni pristup)
Get PDFAutori su u radu sproveli komparativno istraživanje o procesu personalne bezbednosne provere nad građaninom koji se prijavio na konkurs za rad u državnim organima u svetu i Srbiji. Istraživanje je usmereno na definisanje bezbednosne provere i utvrđivanje bezbednosne smetnje u pravnoj i bezbednosnoj teoriji u svetu i u Srbiji - po prvi put. Kroz studije slučaja u pravnoj i bezbednosnoj literaturi u svetu, komparativnom, analizom postojeće literature, pravnom, istorijskom i metodom ankete, istraženo je nekoliko primera kojima se ukazuje na odnose demokratskog i nedemoktaskog društva i država prema primeni prava u bezbednosnoj proveri. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju da bi u Srbiji trebalo da dođe do promena u pravnim aktima i bezbednosnoj metodici procesa vršenja bezbednosne provere, kao i odnosa bezbednosnih organa prema pravima građana koji apliciraju na konkurse gde je bezbednosna provera sastavni deo procesa. Iz navedenog verujemo da rad može da nas uvede u ovaj teorijski izuzetno interesantan i istovremeno za praksu veoma značajan problem
Savremeni konflikti i njihove tendencije
Get PDFU poslednjih 75 godina izbilo je 162 oružana sukoba. Doba Hladnog rata pratili su međudržavni i antikolonijalni ratovi, trka u naoružanju, bipolarni svetski poredak i velika uloga SAD i SSSR u rešavanju sukoba. Padom Berlinskog zida dolazi do unipolarnosti i svetske dominacije zapadnih zemalja, pre svega SAD, što je dovelo do porasta građanskih ratova, prevazilaženja konvencionalnih oblika ratovanja (terorizam, sajber napadi) i brojnih nerešenih sukoba. Jačanjem Rusije, Kine, Indije, Brazila, naziru se obrisi multipolarnosti na globalnom nivou, ali bez efekata na brojnost i rasprostranjenost sukoba. Ono što danas karakteriše svetski poredak nije nedostatak bipolarnosti ili multipolarnosti velikih sila, već podeljenost političkih i ekonomskih interesa geopolitičkim ambicijama manjih i većih svetskih sila, što ostavlja prostor za redefinisanje njihovih uloga u oružanim sukobima širom planete
Ispitivanje percepcije rizika o požarima u stambenim objektima - demografski i socio-ekonomski faktori uticaja
Get PDFPožari su oduvek predstavljali ozbiljan izvor ugrožavanja bezbednosti ljudi i njihove imovine. Pored preduzimanja svih preventivno-tehničkih mera i radnji, potrebno je i unaprediti bezbednosnu kulturu ljudi. Iz tih razloga, autori u radu iznose rezultate kvantitativnog istraživanja percepcije građana o požarima u stambenim objektima na području grada Beograda. Cilj istraživanja predstavlja naučna eksplikacija uticaja demografskih i socio-ekonomskih karakteristika građana na nivo percepcije rizika o požarima. Višeetapnim slučajnim uzorkovanjem, anketirano je 322 ispitanika u periodu od početka do kraja jula 2017. godine. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je nivo percepcije verovatnoće nastanka požara najniži za period od godinu dana (M=2.12), zatim za period od pet godina (M=2.26), a najviši za period od 10 godina (M=2.35). Ocena individualne pripremljenosti iznosi M=2.77, zatim lokalne zajednice M=2.79 i na kraju države M=3.42. Kada je reč o posledicama, najviše ispitanika ističe da bi im požar mogao prouzrokovati materijalne posledice (M=2.77), zatim povrede (M=2.49) i na kraju gubitak života (2.00) itd. Polazeći od dobijenih rezultata, potrebno je koncipirati strategije i kampanje usmerene ka podizanju nivo pripremljenosti građana za reagovanje u takvim situacijama