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Nanostructures of Molybdenum, Chromium, and Tungsten Constructed by a Basic Structural Unit
No full textWe predicted a stable, zigzag chain structure of Molybdenum Mo, which, being a basic structural unit, can construct stable 0D or quantum dot (segments of atomic chains and rings), 1D (various infinite chains), quasi-1D (nanoribbons and nanotubes), and 2D (bilayers) structures entailing critical magnetic, elastic, and electronic properties. This zigzag chain, constituted by strong Mo-Mo covalent bonds, is a nonmagnetic semiconductor but undergoes an insulator-metal transition under compression acquiring a ferromagnetic state. Although Mo cannot form stable, suspended, 2D monolayers of a single atomic plane, parallel zigzag chains bound by metallic interchain interaction can construct stable bilayers of different symmetry, and also their stacks forming slabs. These bilayers, being elemental Dirac materials and displaying directional properties, clarify the ambiguous situation in recent studies synthesizing and/or predicting different 2D molybdenene structures. Notably, other Group VIB elements, chromium, and tungsten, also construct similar atomic chains and 2D bilayers with diverse physical properties. Intriguingly, an atomic chain structure serves as a building block for many low-dimensional materials with diverse physical properties, making it unique in nanoscience.Turkish Academy of Sciences; TUBITAK-ANAS [120N296]; National Center for High-Performance Computing of Turkey (UHeM) [5004132016]S.C. acknowledges the financial support by Turkish Academy of Sciences. S.J. thanks for the support from TUBITAK-ANAS project number 120N296. Computing resources used in this work were provided by the National Center for High-Performance Computing of Turkey (UHeM) under grant numbers 5004132016 and 1019342024
????? ??? ?????? Zodarion spinibarbe (Araneae: Zodariidae) ?? ??????
No full textA new species, Zodarion yigitakcai sp.n. (male 9) is described from Kahramanmara and Osmaniye provinces of Turkey. This contribution increases the total number of Zodarion species known from this country to 33. The distribution records of the new species and its comparative materials Z. barbarae Bosmans, 2009 and Z. spinibarb e Wunderlich, 1973 in Turkey are also mapped.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kirikkkale University [2021, 055]We wish to thank the Hitit University Scientific and Technological Research Center (HUBTUAM) for SEM facilities. This work was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kirikkkale University, Project number 2021, 055. We also thank Arnaud Henrard (Tervuren, Belgium), Kadir Bogac Kunt (Eskisehir, Turkey) and Yuri M. Marusik (Magadan, Russia) for helpful comments on improving the manuscript. Alireza Zamani (Turku, Finland) provided valuable comments to this manuscript and kindly corrected the English of the final draft
Problems of the Internal Audit Institution in Turkish Public Administration: A Field Research in the Central Organizations of Ministries
No full textTürkiye’de 1980’li yıllardan itibaren özel sektörde uygulama alanı bulan iç denetim 2007 yılında Türk kamu yönetiminde fiilen uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Bu tarihten itibaren hem teoride hemde pratikte önemli ilerlemeler kaydetmesine rağmen beklenen etkiyi de gösterebilmiş değildir. İç denetimden beklenilen performansın alınmaması birçok nedene bağlanabilir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türk kamu yönetiminde iç denetçilerin sorunlarını nicel yöntemle ölçmektir. Bu bağlamda bakanlıkların merkezi teşkilatlarında çalışan iç denetçiler araştırmanın evrenini olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada bakanlıkların merkezi teşkilatı seçilme nedeni iç denetim birimlerinin bütün bakanlık birimlerinde kurulmuş olması ve bu birimlerdeki iç denetçi sayısının diğer kamu idarelerindeki denetçi sayısından fazla olmasıdır. Belirtilen amaç doğrultusunda bakanlıkların merkezi teşkilatlarında iç denetim birimlerinde görev alan 72 iç denetçiye 19 ifadeden oluşan iç denetçilik sorunlarına yönelik anket formu uygulanmış olup elde edilen bulgular SPSS 23 programında yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda iç denetçilik ile ilgili çeşitli sorunlar tespit edilerek bir dizi öneri sunulmuştur.Internal auditing, which has found application in the private sector in Turkey since the 1980s, found actual application in the Turkish public administration in 2007. Although it has made significant progress both in theory and practice since that date, it has not been able to show the expected effect. Failure to obtain the expected performance from internal audit can be attributed to many reasons. The main purpose of this study is to measure the problems of internal auditors in Turkish public administration with a quantitative method. In this context, internal auditors working in the central organizations of ministries were determined as the population of the research. The reason for choosing the central organization of ministries in the study is that internal audit units have been established in all ministerial units and the number of internal auditors in these units is higher than the number of auditors in other public administrations. In line with the stated purpose, a survey form consisting of 20 statements regarding internal auditing problems was applied to 72 internal auditors working in internal audit units in the central organizations of ministries, and the findings were interpreted in the SPSS 23 program. As a result of the research, various problems related to internal auditing were identified and a series of suggestions were presented
Examination of changes in the expression levels of apoptotic markers in monocrotaline induced hepatic damage in mice
No full textSağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Veterinerlik Biyokimyası Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı, canlılarda hepatotoksisiteye neden olduğu bilinen pirolizidin alkaloidlerinden monokrotalin (MCT) kaynaklı hepatik hasarın biyokimyasal ve moleküler düzeyde meydana getirdiği değişikliklerin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla 30 adet erkek BALB/c faresi; kontrol, akut toksisite ve subakut toksisite olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubuna %0,9 salin, akut toksisite grubuna 120 mg/kg tek doz MCT, subakut toksisite grubuna 5 gün arayla toplam 3 kez 120 mg/kg MCT uygulandı. Tüm uygulamalar intragastrik olarak gerçekleştirildi. Deneme sonunda plazma AST, ALT ve GGT aktiviteleri ile TBIL, TCHO ve TP düzeyleri belirlendi. Ayrıca deney sonlandırılmasında toplanan karaciğer dokuları, oksidatif stres belirteçlerinden TAK, TOK ve OSİ düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, histopatolojik incelemeler ve moleküler tekniklerde kullanılmak üzere total RNA'nın izole edilmesi amacıyla kullanıldı. Yapılan incelemelerde kontrol grubuna göre deneme gruplarında ALT (P?0,05) ve GGT (P0,05), TP düzeylerinin ise önemli düzeyde azaldığı (P0,05) düzeylerinin kontrol grubuna kıyasla deneme gruplarında artış gösterdiği tespit edildi. Total antioksidan kapasite düzeylerinin ise kontrol grubuna göre akut toksikasyon grubunda sayısal olarak azaldığı (P>0,05), subakut toksikasyon grubunda ise önemli düzeyde arttığı (P0,05) ile Kaspaz-3 (P0,05). Moleküler düzeyde yapılan qPCR analizinin yanında aynı prensibe dayanan PCR array analizi ile de apoptotik belirteçler, JAK/STAT proteinleri, STAT etkileşimli transkripsiyon faktörler, hücre döngüsü, proliferasyonu, büyümesi ve/veya onarımı, akut faz tepkisi ile inflamatuar yanıttan sorumlu çok sayıda gen ekspresyonu, eş zamanlı olarak taranarak kontrol grubuna göre artan ya da azalan genlerin eksresyon profili tespit edildi. Monokrotalinin sebep olduğu karaciğer hasarının hücresel boyutta incelenmesi için yapılan mikroskobik incelemelerde, deneme gruplarında hasar belirteçlerinde değişikliklerin olduğu ve akut toksikasyon grubundaki değişikliklerin daha şiddetli düzeyde olduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak MCT'nin sebep olduğu hepatik hasar sürecinde karaciğer enzim aktivitelerinin ve oksidatif stres mekanizmasının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği, ayrıca gerçekleştirilen ELISA ve qPCR analizleri ile de hem protein hem de gen düzeylerinde elde edilen Bcl-2, Bax ve Kaspaz-3 ekspresyonlarının önemli değişiklikler sergilediği anlaşıldı. Ayrıca, PCR array tekniği ile de incelenen hepatik hasar süreci ile ilişkili moleküler yolaklarda ekspresyon değişiklikleri gen panelleri seviyesinde belirlenerek potansiyel biyokimyasal ve patolojik belirteçler ortaya konuldu. Elde edilen verilerin yeni çalışmaların planlanması için önemli veriler sunduğu kanaatine varıldı.This study aims to examine the changes caused by hepatic damage at the biochemical and molecular levels caused by monocrotaline (MCT), one of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids known to cause hepatotoxicity in living things. For this purpose, 30 male BALB/c mice were divided into control, acute toxicity, and subacute toxicity groups. 0.9% saline was administered to the control group, a single dose of 120 mg/kg MCT was administered to the acute toxicity group, and 120 mg/kg MCT was administered to the subacute toxicity group for a total of 3 times with an interval of 5 days. All applications were performed intragastricly. At the end of the experiment, plasma AST, ALT and GGT activities and TBIL, TCHO and TP levels were determined. In addition, liver tissues collected at the end of the experiment were used to determine TAC, TOC and OSI levels, which are oxidative stress markers, and to isolate total RNA for use in histopathological examinations and molecular techniques. According to the examinations, ALT (P?0.05) and GGT (P0.05). ), and TP levels were found to decrease significantly (P0.05) levels, which are oxidative stress parameters in liver tissue homogenates, increased in the experimental groups compared to the control group. It was determined that total antioxidant capacity levels decreased numerically in the acute toxicity group compared to the control group (P>0.05), and increased significantly in the subacute toxicity group (P0.05) and Caspase-3 (P0.05). In addition to the qPCR analysis performed at the molecular level, PCR array analysis based on the same principle reveals the expression of apoptotic markers, JAK/STAT proteins, STAT interacting transcription factors, cell cycle, proliferation, growth and/or repair, acute phase response and many genes responsible for the inflammatory response, The expression profile of genes that increased or decreased compared to the control group was determined by scanning simultaneously. Microscopic examinations performed to examine the liver damage caused by monocrotaline at the cellular level showed that there were changes in damage markers in the trial groups and that the changes were more severe in the acute toxicity group. As a result, liver enzyme activities and oxidative stress mechanism were negatively affected during the hepatic damage process caused by MCT, and Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 expressions obtained at both protein and gene levels showed significant changes in ELISA and qPCR analyses. understood. In addition, expression changes in molecular pathways related to the hepatic damage process, which were examined with the PCR array technique, were determined at the level of gene panels and potential biochemical and pathological markers were revealed. It was concluded that the data obtained provided important data for planning new studies
The Association of Social Media Videos and Patients' Preoperative Anxiety
No full textBackground: Impacted tooth extraction is regarded as one of the dental procedures that induces the highest levels of dental anxiety. Purpose: The study purpose was to measure and compare anxiety levels in patients undergoing 3rd molar extraction between those who did or did not view videos related to 3rd molar operations. Study Design, Setting, and Sample: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The study included patients without any systemic comorbidities who had a indication for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Patients who had previously undergone impacted tooth extractions were excluded from the study. Predictor Variables: The predictor variable was exposure to 3rd molar operation videos on social media. The subjects were grouped into categories; group 1, patients who watched videos and group 2, patients who did not watch videos. Outcome Variables: The main outcome variables are state anxiety (S-anxiety) scores and trait anxiety (T-anxiety) scores. Anxiety scores were measured 1 week before the surgery and on the day of the surgery. Covariates: Age, sex, education level, and whether the video contained animated or real surgical images were used as covariates. Analyses: For normally distributed continuous variables, group means were compared using Student's t-test, while nonnormally distributed variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. A P value of .05). Conclusion and Relevance: Watching videos before the operation may be associated with patients' anxiety levels. (c) 2023 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
Ekonomi İşletme Siyaset ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi’nin Bibliyometrik Analizi
No full textThis study aims to analyse the Journal of Economics Business Politics and International Relations (JEBPIR) from a bibliometric perspective and to determine its general profile. Within the scope of the aim of the study, 173 articles in a total of 20 issues, 1 of which is a special issue, published in a 10-year period (June 2015- June 2024) since 2015, when JEBPIR was first published. The data were obtained from the official web page of the journal and bibliometric analysis (content analysis) method was used to analyse the data. As a result of the study, it was determined that the most articles were published in 2023 and 2016, the least articles were published in 2018 and 2024; a total of 287 authors worked in the period examined; and graduate students made the most contribution to the journal. In addition, it was determined that 146 of the articles examined were mostly research articles and were prepared in Turkish language; a total of 706 citations were made to 173 articles published in the journal and the evaluation period of the articles was at least 5 days and at most 420 days. In addition, it is seen that the most institutional support for 173 articles published in the journal is at Kırıkkale University. This study is important in terms of showing the development of JEBPIR in terms of authors and readers over the years and provides important information to increase the scientific quality of the journal. On the other hand, examining JEBPIR for the first time within the scope of bibliometric analysis shows the originality of this study and contributes to the literature.Bu çalışmada, Ekonomi İşletme Siyaset ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi’ni (JEBPIR) bibliyometrik açıdan incelemek ve genel profilinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı kapsamında JEBPIR’in ilk yayına başladığı 2015 yıldan itibaren 10 yıllık süreçte (Haziran 2015- Haziran 2024) yayımlanan 1 tanesi özel sayı olmak üzere toplam 20 sayıda yer alan 173 makale incelenmiştir. Veriler, derginin resmî web sayfasından alınmış olup, verilerin analizinde bibliyometrik analiz (içerik analizi) yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda en fazla makalenin 2023 ve 2016 yıllarında, en az makalenin 2018 ve 2024 yılında yapıldığı; incelenen dönemde toplam 287 yazarın çalışma yaptığı; dergiye en çok katkıyı lisansüstü öğrencilerin yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca incelenen makalelerin çoğunlukla 146 tanesinin araştırma makalesi ve Türkçe dilinde hazırlandığı; dergide yayımlanan 173 makaleye toplam 706 tane atıf yapıldığı ve makalelerinin değerlendirme süresinin en az 5 gün, en fazla 420 gün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca dergide yayımlanmış 173 makaleye en çok kurumsal anlamda destek Kırıkkale Üniversitesinde olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, JEBPIR’in yazarlar ve okuyucular açısından yıllar itibariyle gelişimini göstermesi bakımından önem taşımakla birlikte, derginin bilimsel kalitesini artırması için önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Diğer yandan, JEBPIR’in bibliyometrik analiz kapsamında ilk kez incelenmesi yapılan bu çalışmanın özgünlüğünü göstermekte olup literatüre katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir
Investigation of muscle activation during kinetic chain based exercises in individuals with and without forward head posture
No full textBACKGROUND: The Band Pull-Apart (BPA) exercise is used to strengthen the periscapular muscles. It was recently stated that the lower extremity and trunk movements should be included in the shoulder rehabilitation programs to optimize an effective energy transfer throughout the kinetic chain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of kinetic chain based BPA exercise on the muscle activations of the sternocleidomasteideous (SCM) and the trapezius muscles in individuals with and without forward head posture (FHP). METHODS: Eighteen individuals with FHP and 18 individuals without FHP were included. Photographic measurements were made to identify individuals with FHP. The muscle activations of SCM, Upper Trapezius (UT), Middle Trapezius (MT), and Lower Trapezius (LT) were measured with surface EMG. BPA exercise was performed in the standing, unipedal standing, squat, unipedal squat, and Bulgarian split squat (BSS). RESULTS: There was no Group × Exercise interaction for the SCM, UT, MT, LT muscle activations, or for the UT/MT and UT/LT ratios (p> 0.05). While there was a difference in the activation of all muscles between individuals with and without FHP (p 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between exercises for SCM, MT, and LT muscle activations (p< 0.000 for these muscles), UT/MT (p< 0.000) and UT/LT ratios (p= 0.004). SCM muscle activation in squat was lower than activation in standing (Mean Difference (MD) = 2.5% Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contractions (MVIC); p= 0.004) and in unipedal standing (MD = 2.1% MVIC; p= 0.002). MT muscle activation in squat was higher than activation in standing (MD = 9.7% MVIC), unipedal standing (MD = 7.8% MVIC), unipedal squat (MD = 6.9% MVIC) and BSS (MD = 9.4% MVIC; p< 0.000 for these positions). LT muscle activation in the squat was higher than activation in the standing (MD = 8.5% MVIC) and unipedal squat (MD = 8.1% MVIC; p< 0.004 for these positions). UT/MT ratio in the squat was lower than standing (MD = 0.3), unipedal standing (MD = 0.2) and BSS (MD = 0.3; p< 0.000 for these positions). UT/LT ratio in squat was lower than unipedal squat (MD = 0.5) and BSS (MD = 0.6; p= 0.002; for these positions). CONCLUSION: Performing the BPA exercise in the squat position is suggested in cases where lower SCM and UT muscle activation, lower UT/MT, and UT/LT ratios and higher MT and LT muscle activations are needed for individuals with and without FHP
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health sciences students' individual entrepreneurship perception
No full textIntroduction: Many societal changes threaten the sustainability of health systems. Entrepreneurs play a significant role in creating sustainable innovations necessary for development and structural change. This study aimed to evaluate how university students studying health sciences perceive individual entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the impact of COVID-19-related hopelessness on their perception of entrepreneurship. Methods: Six hundred eighty-one undergraduate students from the faculty of health sciences in Türkiye, participated in the study. The Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used to collect data. Results: The results revealed that the students' perception of individual entrepreneurship was high, while their hopelessness levels were moderate. In addition, a moderate negative relationship was found between the students' hopelessness levels and their perception of individual entrepreneurship. The regression analysis showed that the students' hopelessness levels and sub-dimensions (hope, loss of motivation, and future expectation) accounted for 26.3% of the total variance in individual entrepreneurship perception. Increased hopelessness regarding the sub-dimensions of hope, loss of motivation, and expectations for the future decreased their individual entrepreneurship perceptions. Conclusions: These findings suggest that individual entrepreneurship perception among health sciences students could be negatively impacted during extraordinary periods related to health crises like pandemics. Developing hope, motivation, and expectations for the future is crucial to enhancing individual entrepreneurship perception among health sciences students. © 2024 TAPS. All rights reserved
The comparison of 1-year results for mini and wide-size cap grafts applied to nasal tips
No full text– OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we evaluated patient satisfaction with cap grafts by Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) scores. Mini cap and wide cap grafts were applied. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 80 patients who underwent a rhinoplasty operation with cap graft application to the tip region were included in the study. According to the cap graft size, there were two groups: Group 1 consisted of 40 patients with cap graft size ?7 cm (mini cap group). Group 2 comprised 40 patients with cap grafts ?8 cm (wide cap group). Patients in groups 1 and 2 underwent evaluations based on the following criteria at preoperative, postoperative-1st month, and postoperative-1st year intervals: (1) Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation Questionnaire (ROE), (2) tip projection (cm), (3) nasal dorsum length (cm), (4) tip projection ratio (Goode), (5) nasofrontal angle, and (6) nasolabial angle. RESULTS: Postoperative 1st-month and 1st-year ROE scores of the wide cap group were significantly higher than those in the mini cap group (p0.05). Correlation tests showed that as preoperative ROE scores decreased, postoperative-1st month and 1st-year ROE scores increased (p<0.05). Postoperative 1st-month and postoperative 1st-year’s ROE scores increased together (p<0.05). In the wide cap group, postoperative 1st-month and postoperative 1st-year’s ROE scores increased compared to the mini cap group (p<0.05). As postoperative 1st-year nasolabial angle values increased, postoperative 1st-year ROE scores also increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found that patients who received wide-cap rhinoplasty had increased postoperative ROE scores and higher satisfaction rates during the first month and first year. Postoperative higher nasolabial angle values were related to higher ROE scores and patient satisfaction in the postoperative 1st year. © 2024 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved
