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UAV selection with fuzzy multi-criteria decision making
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Matematik Ana Bilim Dalıİnsansız hava araçları günümüzde giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Bu hava araçları birçok farklı amaç için kullanılmakta ve giderek kullanım alanları yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada insansız hava araç seçim problemi çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada dört farklı yöntem kullanılarak insansız hava aracı seçim problemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu yöntemler; inanç entropisine dayalı kanıtsal bulanık çok kriterli karar verme, sezgisel bulanık sayılara dayalı DST, küresel bulanık sayılara dayalı TOPSIS ve tip-2 nötrosofik bulanık sayılara dayalı CRITIC/MABAC yöntemleridir. Bu yöntemlerde farklı bulanık kümeler kullanılmıştır. Aynı zamanda tüm bulanık kümeler için 7'li dilsel ölçek kullanılarak uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu araştırmada günümüzdeki insansız hava araçları hakkında bilgiler verilerek insansız hava aracı seçim kriterleri literatür incelemesine dayalı olarak belirlenmiştir. Karar problemini çözümlemek için uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Uzmanlar insansız hava aracı pilotlarından ve teknik personelden oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın uygulaması sonucunda en iyi insansız hava aracı seçimi tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara dayalı öneriler geliştirilerek literatüre kazandırılmıştır. Bu araştırma ile farklı bulanık kümeler ortak dilsel ölçeğe dayalı olarak insansız hava araçları seçim problemini eş zamanlı ele alınabilirliğini desteklemektedir. Ayrıca duyarlılık analizleriyle elde edilen bulguları sağlamlılık testleri yapılmıştır. Uygulama sonucunda elde edilen sonuçlar tutarlı, uygulanabilir ve sağlam olarak değerlendirilmiştir.In the present day, unmanned aerial vehicles are gaining increasing importance. These aerial vehicles are utilized for various purposes and their applications are becoming more widespread. In this study, the unmanned aerial vehicle selection problem is addressed using multi-criteria decision-making approaches. Four different methods are employed to solve the unmanned aerial vehicle selection problem in the research. These methods are the Evidential Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based on Belief Entropy, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers-Based Dempster-Shafer Theory, Spherical Fuzzy Numbers-Based Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, and Type-2 Neutrosophic Fuzzy Numbers-Based CRITIC/MABAC methods. Different fuzzy sets are utilized in these methods. Additionally, the application is carried out using a 7-point linguistic scale for all fuzzy sets. Furthermore, information about current unmanned aerial vehicles is provided in the research, and unmanned aerial vehicle selection criteria are determined based on a literature review. Expert opinions are sought to analyze the decision problem, with experts consisting of UAV pilots and technical personnel. Through the implementation of the study, the optimal selection of unmanned aerial vehicles is determined. Recommendations based on the obtained results are developed and contributed to the literature. This research supports the simultaneous consideration of the UAV selection problem with different fuzzy sets based on a common linguistic scale. Furthermore, robustness tests are conducted to validate the sensitivity analysis findings. The results obtained from the application are deemed consistent, feasible, and robust
Dental patients' tinnitus profile: prevalence, types, and associated factors with oral and maxillofacial diseases
No full textIntroduction: Maxillofacial diseases may pose a risk factor for the onset of tinnitus, and may influence the severity of its symptoms. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tinnitus among patients routinely visiting the Faculty of Dentistry and to assess the relationship between tinnitus and maxillofacial diseases. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 3,626 patients. Demographic data, information on tinnitus symptoms, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) presence, the existence of trigger points in masticatory muscles, toothache, and bruxism were evaluated. Results: Tinnitus was detected in 385 patients, resulting in a prevalence rate of 10.61%. Of the patients, 38.4% were male and 61.6% were female, and the mean age was 42.66 +/- 16.34 years. Tinnitus was categorised as normal in 47.8% of the patients and pathological in 52.2% of the patients. Bruxism was identified in 65.5% of the patients, toothache in 42.9%, TMD in 33.8%, and masticatory trigger points in 27.0% of the patients. A tendency towards tinnitus provoked by toothache was observed in 5.9% of the patients. The presence of pathological tinnitus was found to increase the risk by 1.839 times for toothache and 1.456 times for bruxism. Conclusion: There may be an association between oral and maxillofacial diseases and tinnitus, especially bruxism and toothache. Therefore, the evaluation of these conditions may be a routine part of tinnitus management
The effect of silymarin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscles of rats silymarin and ischemia-reperfusion injury
No full textAim: Although the precise process is not entirely elucidated, it is well-known that oxidative stress mediators contribute to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The impact of silymarin on I/R injury in many different tissues has been examined. For this purpose, we planned to see the effect of silymarin on muscle tissue in rats subjected to lower extremity I/R injury. Material and Methods: We used 18 male Wistar albino rats weighing 225-275 g. Each of the three groups of rats [Control (C), Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R), and Silymarin-Ischemia/Reperfusion (S-I/R)] consisted of six rats. Silymarin was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the procedure. (100 mg/kg-1) In Group I/R, the infrarenal abdominal aorta was clamped with a microvascular clamp. The clamp was removed after 120 minutes, and reperfusion was achieved for the next 120 minutes. At the end of the reperfusion period, muscle tissue samples were collected, and Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) enzyme activity levels and histopathological parameters were compared. Results: In the histopathological examination, no degeneration was observed in the muscle fibers in the Group C, while findings of striated muscle damage such as muscle atrophy/hypertrophy, muscle degeneration/congestion, internalization of the muscle nucleus/oval/central nucleus, fragmentation/hyalinization and leukocyte cell infiltration were seen in the Group I/R. In Group S-I/R, muscle atrophy /hypertrophy, internalization of the muscle nucleus/oval/central nucleus, fragmentation/hyalinization, and leukocyte cell infiltration were observed to improve these damaged areas compared to Group I/R. MDA levels in the Group I/R were significantly higher compared to Group C and S-I/R. The activity of the CAT enzyme was much higher in Group I/R compared to Group C. Conclusion: Our study revealed that 100 mg/kg-1 silymarin administered by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before ischemia effectively decreased lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and the injury caused by I/R in muscle histology in rats. © 2024, Turkish National Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Society. All rights reserved
OECD Ülkelerinde Pandemiyle Mücadele: Kaynak Verimliliği Açısından Bir Karşılaştırma
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada OECD ülkelerinin COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadelelerinin ilk bir yıllık sürecindeki kaynak verimliliklerinin aylık ve dönem boyu zaman dilimleri açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmada Veri Zaflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılmıştır. VZA ile ülkelerin aylık ve dönem boyu zaman aralıklarına ilişkin etkinlik skorları elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra ülkelerin verimlilik sıralamalarını belirlemek amacıyla süper etkinlik analizi yapılmış ve ülkelerin ele alınan zaman dilimlerindeki kendi aralarındaki verimlilik sıraları elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Ülkelerin COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadele etkinlikleri zaman içerisinde değişmiş, bazı ülkelerin süreç boyunca başarısız olduğu görülmüştür. ABD, Kolombiya ve Yeni Zelanda’nın süreç boyunca en başarılı ülkeler olduğu görülmüştür. Özgünlük: Bu çalışma, OECD ülkelerinin COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadele verimliliğini karşılaştırırken etkili olacağı düşünülen birçok değişkeni ele alması, belirli zaman aralıklarıyla incelemesi ve sadece verimliliklerinin değil, verimlilik sıralamalarının da belirlenmesi açısından literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan ayrışmaktadır
Factorizations of Some Variants of a Statistical Matrix
No full textIn this article, we define eight orthogonal matrices strongly linked to the well-known Helmert matrix. We derive LU factorizations by providing explicit closed-form formulas for the entries of L and U. Additionally, we factorize matrices by representing them in relation to diagonal matrices. © MatDer
Investigation of leisure time satisfaction, leisure time barriers, leisure motivation and happiness levels of young people receiving services from youth centers
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstatistik Ana Bilim DalıDört bölümden oluşan bu tez çalışmasının ilk bölümünde serbest zaman doyumu, serbest zaman motivasyonu, mutluluk kavramları tanıtılmış, çalışmanın amacı sunulmuştur. ?İkinci bölümde, çalışmada kullanılan materyal hakkında ayrıntılar verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölüm, kontenjans tabloları, iki ve üç yönlü log-lineer modellerin teorik alt yapısına ayrılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde ise, gençlik merkezlerinden hizmet alan bireylerin çeşitli sosyo-demografik değişkenler ile birlikte Serbest Zaman Doyum Ölçeği, Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği, Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formu ve Serbest Zaman Motivasyon Ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlar ile ilgili bulgular sunulup, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı alternatif log-lineer modeller kurularak sonuçları yorumlanmıştır.In the first part of this thesis consisting of four chapters, the concepts of leisure time satisfaction, leisure time motivation, and happiness are introduced and the purpose of the study is presented. In the second chapter, details about the material used in the study are given. The third chapter is devoted to the theoretical background of contingency tables, two and three-way log-linear models. In the fourth section, the findings related to various socio-demographic variables and the scores obtained from the Leisure Time Satisfaction Scale, Leisure Time Barriers Scale, Oxford Happiness Scale Short Form and Leisure Time Motivation Scale of the individuals receiving services from youth centres are presented, statistically significant alternative log-linear models are established and the results are interpreted
Association of Low Serum Maresin-1 Levels with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Liver
No full textBackground: Maresin-1 (MaR1) is a macrophage-derived antiinflammatory lipid mediator that negatively regulates oxidative and proinflammatory cytokines and also restores integrity in various tissues after inflammation. Non-resolving inflammation is known to have an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of MaR1 in pathogenesis and early diagnosis of HCC. Methods: The study was conducted in 102 participants, including 30 volunteers with no hepatic disease, 39 patients with hepatic cirrhosis, and 33 patients with HCC that developed additionally to cirrhosis. Serum MaR1 levels of all participants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: There was a significant difference between the circulating MaR1 levels of the three groups. MaR1 level was found to be significantly lower in the HCC group compared to the cirrhotic group (p < 0.001) and in the cirrhotic group compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.001). MaR1 level was independently associated with cirrhosis (vs. controls, OR: 0.995, p = 0.025) and with HCC (vs. controls, OR: 0.962, p = 0.035; and vs. cirrhotic patients, OR: 0.987, p = 0.006). ROC analyses demonstrated that MaR1 levels of < 311.66 had 72.73% sensitivity and 100% specificity for HCC differentiation from controls, while a < 428.08 cutoff had 96.97% sensitivity and 38.46% specificity for differentiation from cirrhotic patients. Conclusions: Serum MaR1 levels were significantly decreased in patients with HCC, compared to those with normal or cirrhotic hepatic tissue. Therefore, MaR1 may possibly be a valuable biomarker in the early diagnosis of HCC and in the differential diagnosis of HCC from cirrhosis. ©Copyright
Crossroad between the sylvatic and domestic cycles of Mesocestoides litteratus: mesocestodiasis in dogs adopted from shelters in Türkiye
No full textThis study aimed to report the presence of Mesocestoides litteratus in dogs adopted from shelters in T & uuml;rkiye. Gravid segments were examined microscopically in the faeces of dogs from different shelters located in Ankara and Kirikkale provinces in the central region of T & uuml;rkiye. Then, genomic DNA obtained from these segments, a 446-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 gene, and a 350-bp fragment of mitochondrial 12S rRNA were amplified and sequenced. BLASTn search was performed. During light microscopic examination, an egg-filled paruterine organ was observed in the middle part of the segment. Thin-shelled, oval, 35-mu m-diameter parasite eggs containing an oncosphere with three pairs of hooklets were observed. The gravid segments were determined as Mesocestoides spp. based on the appearance of the typical paruterine organ. PCR results supported our diagnosis; moreover, according to the BLAST results, it was detected that the species infecting two dogs was 98.01-100% similar to M. litteratus. Praziquantel-containing medication was administered to the infected dogs at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. Foxes act as the final host of M. litteratus and the parasite is prevalent in wildlife; however, these animals may disperse the parasite in urban life. Veterinarians need to be made more aware of this parasite, especially if the dogs are owned from shelters
Examples of folk songs adapted for classical guitar
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Müzik Ana Bilim DalıKlasik gitar için günümüzde çok seslendirme çalışmalarının yapıldığı görülmekte fakat yeterli sayıda olmadığı bilinmektedir. Çok seslendirme alanında daha fazla çalışmaların yapılması gerektiği ve klasik gitar için çok sesli halk müziği repertuvar dağarcığının artırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada TRT ''www.notaarşivleri.com'' sitesinde Türk halk müziği kategorisinde bulunan tampere sistemine uygun türkülerden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada klasik gitar repertuvarına katkı göstermesi bakımından, ''Bahçalarda mor meni'', ''Dost dost diye nicesine sarıldım'', ''Bahçada yeşil çınar'', ''Eklemedir koca konak'', ''Hep sen mi ağladın'' ve ''Karahisar kalesi'', ''Ateş attım samana'' adlı türküler Batı müziği ve Türk müziği armonisi birlikte çok seslendirme çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada uzman görüşleri ile belirlenmiş olan 7 türkünün makam analizi ve klasik gitar için çok seslendirme çalışması yapılmıştır. Çok seslendirmesi yapılmış türküler bulgular kısmında detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır. Bu çalışma, çok seslendirme yapmak isteyen icracılar için çok seslendirme aşamasında izlenebilecek yöntemlere yardımcı olması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.It seems that there are polyphonic studies for classical guitar today, it is known that these are not sufficient. It is thought that more studies should be done in the field of polyphony and the repertoire of polyphonic folk music for classical guitar should be increased. This study consists of folk songs suitable for the tampere system found in the Turkish folk music category on the TRT "www.notaarşivleri.com" website. In this study, in terms of contributing to the classical guitar repertoire, ''Bahçalarda mor meni'', ''Dost dost diye nicesine sarıldım'', ''Bahçada yeşil çınar'', ''Eklemedir koca konak'', ''Hep sen mi ağladın'', ''Karahisar kalesi'' and ''Ateş attım samana'' were performed with the harmony of Western music and Turkish music. In this study, mode analysis of 7 folk songs determined by expert opinions and multiple vocalization studies for classical guitar were carried out. Multi-voiced folk songs are explained in detail in the findings section. This study is important for performers who want to do multiple voices, as it helps with the methods that can be followed during the multiple voice stage
Nanocrystalline NiTiB reinforced aluminum matrix composites: Synthesis, structural, mechanical and corrosion properties
No full textIn this study, aluminum composites were developed using a powder metallurgy route by incorporating varying amounts of nanocrystalline NiTiB into the Al2024 alloy. The effects of nanocrystalline NiTiB on the structural, morphological, corrosion, and mechanical properties of the aluminum composites were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the base alloy and composites with 2% and 4% NiTiB exhibited the highest relative density. The composite with 4% NiTiB achieved the maximum hardness of 87.4 HV. Additionally, the inclusion of nanocrystalline NiTiB significantly improved the compressive strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of the composites. Specifically, the compressive strength increased by approximately 2% with 2% NiTiB and by around 13% with 12% NiTiB. Corrosion resistance was highest in the composite with 4% NiTiB, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the wear-loss study, the wear loss of the composites was found to be reduced by 244% and 457% for those reinforced with 2% and 12% NiTiB, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of nanocrystalline NiTiB to enhance the performance of Al2024 composites in applications demanding superior corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and wear resistance