Kırıkkale University Institutional Repository
Not a member yet
21089 research outputs found
Sort by
Mîrzâ Kuchek Khan and the Jangal Movement
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Fars Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim Dalı, Fars Dili ve Edebiyatı Bilim DalıKaçarlar döneminde Avrupa devletleri ile temasların artmasına bağlı olarak İran'da reformist düşünce ile modernleşme fikri aşamalı olarak şekillenmeye başlamış ve bu süreç meşrutiyetin ilanı ile sonuçlanmıştır. İran halkının meşrutiyet isteği genellikle 1885-1895 yılları arasında İngiliz nüfuzunun artması ve imtiyazların yoğun olarak verildiği bir dönemde millî bir hareket olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Rusya'da 1905 yılında meydana gelen devrim İran'da hemen etkisini göstermiştir. Kafkaslar üzerinden İran'a gelen fikir akımları yenilikçi aydınları etkilemiş, demokrat ve sosyal demokrat düşüncelere sahip gençler özellikle Tahran, Tebriz, Gîlân ve Meşhed şehirlerinde topluluklar kurmuşlar ve meşrutiyet yönetimine geçilmesi için mücadele etmişlerdir. Meşrutiyet sürecinde karışıklıkların baş gösterdiği bir dönemde ve Kaçar Hanedanlığı'nın sonlarına doğru Mîrzâ Kûçek Han bir özgürlük yanlısı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Mîrzâ Kûçek, aldığı dinî eğitimler ile bir din adamı yolunda ilerlerken inkılap olayları sebebiyle 1905 yılında Tahran'daki eğitimini yarıda keserek Gîlân'da özgürlükçülere katılmıştır. Reşt şehrinde kurulan Mecme'-i Ruhâniyyûn (Din Adamları Topluluğu) isimli dernek bünyesinde ilk siyasi faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Daha sonra Gîlânlı meşrutiyetçiler tarafından Reşt'te kurulmuş gizli bir cemiyet olan Komite-i Settâr bünyesinde, Muhammed 'Alî Şâh'ın (1907-1909) meşrutiyetçileri bastırmak için uyguladığı sert güvenlik tedbirleri döneminde meşrutiyeti yeniden ilan etmek isteyen özgürlükçüler ile hareket etmiştir. Başlangıçta İngiliz ve Rus emperyalizmine karşı geliştirilen meşrutiyet hareketi başarılı olamamış ve İran tamamıyla yabancıların nüfuzuna girmiştir. Mîrzâ Kûçek, Tahran'da İttihâd-ı İslâm Birliği'ne üye olmuştur. I. Dünya Savaşı'nın başladığı 1914 yılında millî bir programı bulunan Hey'et-i İttihâd-ı İslâm (İslâm Birliği Kurulu) ismiyle bir inkılap komitesi teşkil etmiş ve Cengel Hareketi'ni kurarak Gîlân Eyaleti'nin ormanlık bölgelerinde Çarlık Rusya'ya karşı silahlı mücadeleye başlamıştır. Gîlân'da 1914-1921 yılları arasında varlık gösteren ve liderliğini Mîrzâ Kûçek Han'ın yaptığı Cengel Hareketi, İran meşrutiyet hareketinden sonra kurulan ilk partizan hareketlerden olmuştur. Cengel liderleri 1296/1917 tarihinde Rûznâme-i Cengel (Cengel Gazetesi) isminde bir gazete yayınlamaya başlamışlardır. İran'daki demokrasi deneyimi meşrutiyet hareketiyle birlikte başlamıştır. İlk siyasi partiler, meclisin ikinci döneminde parlamentoda yer alan Hizb-i Demokrât (Demokrat Parti) ve Hizb-i İctimâ'iyyûn-i İ'tidâliyyûn (Ilımlı Sosyalist Partisi) olmuştur. Meşrutiyetten sonra İran siyasi hayatının farklı dönemlerinde de çeşitli partiler faaliyetlerde bulunmuşlardır. Mîrzâ Kûçek Han, hedefini İslam'a ve İran'a hizmet olarak ilan eden Hey'et-i İttihâd-ı İslâm'ın bir süre sonra başkanlığına seçilmiştir. İran'ın Kuzey bölgelerinin Çarlık Rusya'sı tarafından işgal edilmesinden sonra "Hey'et-i İttihâd-ı İslâm" silahlı mücadele etmeye başlamıştır. Gîlân'ın büyük bir kısmı 1296/1917 yılında bu komitenin nüfuzu altına girmiştir. 1913'te Almanlar ile yakınlaşıp, 1917 yılına kadar da Osmanlı Devleti "Teşkilât-ı Mahsûsa" kurumu ile de temas kurarak ilişkilerini 1920 yılına kadar sürdüren Mîrzâ Kûçek, 1917 yılındaki Rus sosyalist devriminden sonra Rusya ile iş birliği içerisine girmiş ve 4 Haziran 1920'de Gîlân Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti'ni ilan etmiştir. Cengel Hareketi'nin Bolşevikler ile yaptığı iş birliği, siyasi ve ideolojik anlaşmazlıklar doğurmuş ve sonuçta hareketin dağılmasına neden olmuştur. Sovyet hükûmetinin desteğini çekmesiyle merkezî hükûmet, Gîlân devrimini ortadan kaldırmaya karar vermiş ve Mîrzâ Kûçek, bugünkü İran'ın Erdebil Eyaleti'ne bağlı Halhâl şehri civarında bulunan Tâliş şehrinin dağlarında yoğun tipi ve kar altında donarak 2 Aralık 1921 tarihinde ölmüştür. Rıza Han, 31 Ekim 1925 tarihinde geçici bir hükûmet kurmuş ve Ahmed Şâh 11 Aralık 1925 tarihinde meclis tarafından tahttan indirilmiştir. Bu şekilde 1795 yılında tesis olunan Kaçar Hanedanlığı idaresi son bulmuş ve İran'da yönetim Pehlevî Hânedanı'na geçmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Mîrzâ Kûçek Han, Cengel Hareketi, İttihâd-ı İslâm, Teşkilât-ı Mahsûsa, Gîlân, Bolşevik, Rusya, İran Siyasi Partileri.Due to the increase in contacts with European states during Qajar period, the idea of modernization with the reformist thought began to take shape gradually in Iran, and this process resulted in the declaration of constitutionalism. The Iranian people's desire for constitutionalism generally emerged as a national movement between 1885 and 1895 at a time when British influence increased, and concessions were granted intensely. The revolution that took place in Russia in 1905 immediately showed its effect in Iran. The currents of ideas that came to Iran through the Caucasus influenced innovative intellectuals, and young people with democratic and social democratic ideas established communities especially in Tehran, Tabriz, Gilan and Mashhad cities and struggled for the transition to constitutional rule. Mirza Kuchek Khan emerged as a supporter of freedom at a time of turmoil in the process of constitutional monarchy and towards the end of the Qajar Dynasty. Mirza Kuchek was on the path of becoming a clergyman with the religious education he received, but due to the events of revolution in 1905, he interrupted his education in Tehran and joined the libertarians in Gilan. He started his first political activities within the association called Majma-e Ruhaniyyun (Society of Clergymen), which was established in the city of Rasht. Later, he acted with the libertarians who wanted to re-declare the constitutionalism, within the body of the Komite-i Settar (Sattar Committee), a secret society founded by Gilan ese constitutionalists in Rasht, during the harsh security measures implemented by the Shah to suppress the constitutionalists. The constitutional movement, which was initially developed against British and Russian imperialism, was not successful and Iran was completely under the foreign influence. Mirza Kuchek became a member of the Ittihâd-i Islâm (Islamic Union) in Tehran. In 1914, when the First World War began, he organized a reform committee called Hey'et-i Ittihâd-i Islâm (Board of Islamic Unity), which had a national program, established the Jangal Movement, and started an armed struggle against Tsarist Russia in the forested areas of Gilan Province. The Jangal Movement, which existed in Gilan between 1914 - 1921, and was led by Mirza Kuchek Khan, was one of the first partisan movements established after the Iranian Constitutional Movement. Jangal leaders published a newspaper called Roznama-e Jangal (Jangal Newspaper) in 1296/1917. The experience of democracy in Iran began with the constitutional movement. The first political parties were Hizb-i Demokrat (Democratic Party) and Hizb-i Ictimaiyyun-i I'tidaliyyun (Moderate Socialist Party), which took part in the parliament in the second term of the parliament. After Constitutional Monarchy, various parties have been engaged in different periods of Iranian political life. After a while, Mirza Kuchek was elected as the chairman of the Islamic Committee, which declared its goal as serving to Islam and Iran. After the occupation of the northern regions of Iran by Tsarist Russia, the "Hey'et-i Ittihâd-i Islâm" started to armed struggle. A large part of Gilan came under the influence of this committee in 1296/1917. Mirza Kuchek, who became close to the Germans in 1913 and maintained relations with the "Teşkilât-ı Mahsûsa" institution of the Ottaman Empire until 1920, entered into cooperation with Russia after the Russian socialist revolution in 1917, and declared the Socialist Republic of Gilan on June 4, 1920. The cooperation of the Jangal Movement with the Bolsheviks caused the emergence of political and ideological contradictions and the disintegration of the movement. With the withdrawal of the support of the Soviet government, the central government decided to abolish the Gilan revolution and Mirza Kuchek died on December 2, 1921 by freezing under heavy blizzard and snow in the mountains of the city of Talish, located around the city of Khalkhal in the Ardabil Province of Iran today. Reza Khan established a temporary government on October 31, 1925 and Ahmed Shah was deposed by the parliament on December 11, 1925. In this way, the administration of the Qajar Dynasty, which was established in 1795, came to an end and the administration in Iran passed to the Pahlavi Dynasty. Key words: Mirza Kuchek Khan, Jangal Movement, Ittihâd-i Islâm, Teşkilât-ı Mahsûsa, Gilan, Bolshevik, Russia, Iranian Political Parties
The Effects of Breed and Body Mass Index on the Incidence of Arrested Laying Associated with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Geese
No full textThis exploratory study aimed to investigate the effects of breed and body mass index (BMI) on arrested -laying (AL) associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (AL-PCOS) in geese. Moreover, detailed pathological assessments in geese with AL were also performed. Mast geese and Large gray geese were reared under intensive feeding conditions. Observations during the laying season showed that all AL cases (n:8) (7.84%) were in Mast geese (n:102) fed with energy and protein -dense feeds. Necropsy revealed that all Mast geese with AL also had PCOS (8/8). In Mast geese, a significant difference was observed in body weight (BW) (p<0.0001) and BMI (p<0.0001) between the AL-PCOS group and the regular laying group. Follicle classifications detected by necropsy in AL-PCOS geese showed that among the Mast geese with AL-PCOS (n=8), two had atretic and cystic follicles (25%), four had type -1 and type -2 follicles (50%), and two had necrotic type -3 follicles (25%). The research data revealed that AL-PCOS might be correlated with breed and BMI, and that overfeeding and high BMI might increase AL- PCOS in breeds with high egg production, such as Mast geese. Therefore, it is crucial for farms raising high -yielding breeds such as Mast geese to strictly follow the laying periods and feeding regimes for high profitability. No previous reports had ever investigated AL-PCOS in geese, making this study the first of its kind. Moreover, the current study is also among the few presenting data on geese reproductive physiology and pathology
Komplike Olmayan Üriner Sistem Enfeksiyonlarında Lokal Antibiyotik Direncinin Çok Merkezli Taranması: 37 Merkezden 1850 Hasta
No full textstudy demonstrated that antibiotic resistance in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections varies by geographical region. We believe this comprehensive, national prospective study will provide valuable insights for clinicians planning empirical treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections
An experimental investigation on pull-out performance of anchors depending on the depth and diameter of anchors applied on an existing rc building
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İnşaat Mühendisliği Bilim DalıTürkiye Alp-Himalaya deprem kuşağı üzerinde yer alan ve tamamı deprem tehlikesi altında bir ülkedir. Yapı stoğunda geç kalınan iyileştirme çalışmaları neticesinde Şubat 2023 yılında 11 ilde yaşanan depremler ile elli binden fazla insanımız yaşamını kaybetmiştir. Sekiz yüz binden fazla bağımsız bölümün orta, ağır hasarlı veya yıkılmış olduğu sonucuyla karşılaşılmıştır. Bu durum betonarme yapıların güçlendirilmesi ile ilgili mühendislik çalışmalarının ne kadar önemli olduğunu tekrar ortaya koymuştur. Yürürlükteki şartnameler doğrultusunda betonarme yapıların güçlendirilmesinde betonarme veya FRP ile kolon mantolama ve betonarme perde eklenmesi yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kolonların mantolanmasında ve perde eklenmesinde donatı ankrajlarının çekme performansı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında mevcut bir betonarme binanın kolonlarında kimyasal kullanılarak 72 adet donatı ankrajlanarak, çekme deneyleri yapılmıştır. 4 farklı kalınlıkta (Ø10,12,14,16) ve 3 farklı derinlikte (5, 10 ve 15 cm) ankraj demiri altılı gruplar halinde ekilmiştir. Her gruptaki altı numuneden üç adedi tam sıyırmalı, üç adedi kısmi sıyırmalı ankraj çekme deneyine tabi tutulmuştur. Mevcut yapının beton dayanımını belirlemek için kolonlarından 11 adet beton karot örneği alınmıştır. Ankraj çapı ve gömme derinliği ile ankrajların maksimum çekme kuvvetleri arasındaki bağıntı mevcut beton dayanımı için belirlenmiştir.Turkey is a country located on the Alpine-Himalayan seismic zone and is completely at risk of earthquakes. As a result of delayed improvement works in the building stock, more than fifty thousand people lost their lives in the earthquakes that occurred in 11 provinces in February 2023. It was concluded that more than eight hundred thousand independent sections were moderately, heavily damaged or collapsed. This situation shows again how important the engineering studies regarding the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures are. In the direction of existing codes, column sheathing with RC or FRP and adding RC shear walls to the existing building are widely used in strengthening RC structures. The tensile performance of reinforcement anchors is of great importance in sheathing columns and adding RC shear walls. Within the scope of this study, 72 pieces of anchor bars were anchored using chemicals in the columns of an existing RC building and tensile tests were carried out. Anchor bars of 4 different thicknesses (Ø10,12,14,16) and 3 different depths (5, 10 and 15 cm) were anchored in groups of six. Three of the six anchors in each group were subjected to fully pull out and three partially pull out tensile tests. To determine the concrete strength of the existing structure, 11 concrete core samples were taken from its columns. The relationship between the anchor diameter and embedment depth and the maximum tensile forces of the anchors was determined for the existing concrete strength
Examination of exercise adherence in individuals with total knee arthroplasty with the recommended home exercise program
No full textSağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı total diz artroplastisi (TDA) sonrası ev egzersiz programı uyumuna etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve uyum ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmamıza Osteoartrit (OA) tanısı nedeniyle TDA cerrahisi geçiren, yaş ortalaması 64,20±7,63 yıl olan 70 birey dahil edildi. Klinik ve sosyodemografik veriler ile beraber, ağrı değerlendirmesi görsel analog skala (VAS), mental sağlık değerlendirmesi Minimental Durum Testi, komorbidite değerlendirmesi Modifiye Charlson Komorbidite İndeksi (MCKİ), fiziksel fonksiyonellik değerlendirmesi Western Ontario ve McMaster Üniversiteleri Osteoartrit İndeksi (WOMAC), yaşam kalitesi Kısa Form 36 (SF 36), diz eklem hareket açıklığı gonyometrik ölçüm, depresyon düzeyi Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDÖ), kinezyofobi Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği (TKÖ), yorgunluk şiddeti Yorgunluk Şiddet Ölçeği (FSS), fonksiyonel kas gücü değerlendirmesi 5 Tekrarlı Otur kalk Testi (5TOKT) ve ev egzersiz programına uyum değerlendirmesi Egzersize Uyum Derecelendirme Ölçeği (EUDÖ) ile yapıldı. Sonuç olarak cerrahi sonrası ölçülen yorgunluk, kinezyofobi, cerrahi sonrası ağrı faktörleri ve kontralateral dizden TDA ameliyatı olma durumu, ev egzersiz programına uyum gösterme ile ilişkili varyansın %54,2'lik kısmını açıklamaktadır.The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting home exercise program adherence after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to investigate their relationship with adherence. The study included 70 individuals with a mean age of 64.20±7.63 years who underwent TKA surgery for osteoarthritis (OA). In addition to clinical and sociodemographic data, pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS), mental health was assessed using Minimental State Test, comorbidity was assessed using Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (MCCI), physical functionality was assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and quality of life was assessed using Short Form 36 (SF 36), Knee range of motion was assessed by goniometric measurement, depression level by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), kinesiophobia by Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), fatigue severity by Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), functional muscle strength by 5 Repetition Sit and Stand Test (5XSST) and adherence to home exercise program by Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS). It was concluded that postoperative fatigue, kinesiophobia, postoperative pain factors, and having TKA of the contralateral knee explained 54.2% of the variance associated with adherence to the home exercise program
Investigation of machinability by electrical discharge machining method of ZA27/MWCNT composites produced by powder metallurgy
No full textIn recent years, nano-doped metal matrix composites have started to take place among the developed composites. In this study, powder metal undoped ZA27 alloy and 0.5% wt% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) doped nano-composite machinability in EDM (electrical discharge machining) were researched. Microstructures of ZA27 nano-doped composites were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their hardness measurements were made. Obtained test results were compared with that of ZA27 samples without nanodoped. In the SEM analysis, the production method applied was generally successful, and the porous regions encountered in some parts of the composite structure were due to the difficulty in homogeneously dispersing the MWCNT reinforcement material. The metal’s material removal rate (MRR) increased with the addition of MWCNT powders that raised conductivity and decreased tool wear rate (TWR) compared to the pure ZA27 material. © 2024 Yildiz Technical University. All rights reserved.Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, KU, (2018/043); Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, K
The effect of simulation on auscultation skills, self-confidence and anxiety levels in nursing students: A randomized controlled trial
No full textAim: This study evaluated the effect of simulation on auscultation skills, self-confidence and anxiety levels. Background: Auscultation is an essential topic in nursing education and patient care. Simulation is efficacious in improving auscultation skills and self-confidence and reducing anxiety levels. It is a valuable educational approach whose effects should be evaluated and disseminated in the context of auscultation. Design: This study had a randomised controlled trial design. Methods: The study was conducted with second -year nursing students enrolled at a university in Turkey. One group of students studied auscultation of heart, lung and bowel sounds with a simulated patient (n = 28), the second group with a high fidelity simulator (n = 30) and the third group with traditional education (n = 28). Data were collected using a demographic information form, auscultation control list and Nursing Anxiety and Self -Confidence with Clinical Decision Making Scale. The students' psychomotor auscultation skills, selfconfidence and anxiety levels were evaluated. Data on auscultation skills were assessed after the intervention, while data on self-confidence and anxiety levels were collected at baseline, after the intervention and after clinical practices throughout the academic year. Results: Anxiety and self-confidence levels showed statistically significant differences in intragroup evaluation. The self-confidence levels of the groups working with simulation did not change much in the follow-up test conducted after the end of clinical practices. The mean skill scores in the auscultation control list showed a statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: Simulation and traditional approaches are effective in learning auscultation skills. However, the positive effects of simulation, particularly in enhancing students' self-confidence and reducing anxiety levels, appear to be more permanent and impactful than traditional education. Therefore, it is recommended that simulation be prioritized for teaching auscultation skills
Potential Crown Discoloration Induced by the Combination of Various Intracanal Medicaments and Scaffolds Applied in Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
No full textBackground:Regenerative endodontics involves the use of various root canal medicaments and scaffolds, which may cause crown discoloration. Aim:This study aimed to investigate the combined crown discoloration of scaffolds [platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and blood clot] applied after administration of different medicaments [modified triple antibiotic paste including doxycycline (mTAPd), modified double antibiotic paste (mDAP), calcium hydroxide (CH), and propolis]. Methods:In total, 100 human mandibular premolar teeth were selected and prepared. The teeth were apically resected to simulate immature teeth. The positive and negative control groups (n = 10) consisted solely of blood-only and serum-only samples. The remaining 80 teeth were used for the experimental groups with four different medicaments. Three weeks later, either blood or PRF was applied as a scaffold after removing the medicaments (n = 10). Color changes were assessed before medication placement and at the end of the first, second, and third weeks, as well as on days 0, 1, 30, 60, and 90 after scaffold application. Analysis was carried out using repeated measures of variance, Friedman, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, the dependent paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test. Results:Statistical significance was determined at P = 0.05. All groups including blood and the group including propolis and PRF combination, resulted in a significant increase in discoloration (P < 0.05) and discoloration exceeding clinically acceptable thresholds. Conclusions:CH and the modified versions of TAP (mTAPd) and DAP (mDAP) demonstrated an acceptable level of discoloration when used with a combination of PRF at day 90.This study is a part of thesis of Nihan Berkdemir Altun. The authors deny any conflict of interest related to this study. They have no financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. The authors would like to thank Dr. Berat Serdar Akdeniz for his assistance with the use of digital camera set
Evolution of residual compressive stress regions in Co-diffused Bi-2212 engineering ceramics with annealing temperature
No full textThe role of diffusion annealing temperatures intervals 600-850 degrees C on durable tetragonal phase, surface morphology, and main mechanical performance parameters of Co surface-layered Bi2.1Sr2.0Ca1.1Cu2.0Oy (Bi-2212) samples has extensively been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Electron Dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique and microindentation Vickers hardness (Hv) tests. The experimental findings have shown that every material prepared has presented different composition distributions on the specimen surface as a consequence of the successful production of materials. Besides, the mechanical characteristics and durable tetragonal phase have been noted to enhance significantly with the enhancement of annealing temperature up to 650 degrees C due to the formation of new slip systems, surface residual compressive stress regions, connections between grains, and chemical bonding between the foreign and host atoms. Further, the optimum temperature has led to the reduction in stored internal strain energy and degree of granularity in the Co-diffused Bi-2212 crystal system. In this respect, the sample with the least sensitive to the external forces has exhibited the highest elastic modulus of 0.5445 GPa, shear modulus of 17.8515 GPa, yield strength of 181.5 MPa, and resilience of 369.1 MPa under 0.295 N. Accordingly, the cracks and dislocations have preferred to propagate throughout the transcrystalline regions, and crack growth size was easily controlled. Similarly, the saturation limit region has begun at relatively higher applied test load magnitudes. Conversely, the excess annealing temperature has caused the increase in the agglomeration of cobalt ions throughout the intergranular regions. Correspondingly, the activation of stress-induced phase transformation has been triggered seriously. Bi-2212 ceramic compound exposed to the optimum diffusion annealing temperature exhibits the most uniform surface view and crystalline quality with the densest surface morphology and the largest particle distributions and orientations. Moreover, every material studied has perfectly presented the characteristic indentation size effect behavior. The examination of granularity degree depending on elasticity moduli has verified all the Hv test results and discussions. All in all, this study guides the use of engineering ceramics in more application areas due to the increase in their service life
Pre-service mathematics teachers' awareness of sociomathematical norms
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Matematik Eğitimi Ana Bilim DalıBu araştırmanın amacı, ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının sosyomatematiksel normlara yönelik farkındalık seviyelerinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda önce ilgili literatür taranmış ve farklı sınıf mikrokültürlerinde gerçekleşen sosyomatematiksel norm içerikli öğretmen-öğrenci diyalog kesitleri detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Daha sonra öğretmen adaylarının sosyomatematiksel norm farkındalık düzeylerini tespit etmek için formlar geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda geliştirilen formlar aracılığıyla; sosyomatematiksel normların tanınması, öğretmen-öğrenci söylemleri ile ilişkilendirilmesi, verilen problem durumlarına uygun norm seçimi ve normlara yönelik öğretmen-öğrenci diyalogları yazma gibi farklı kategorilerle sosyomatematiksel normların farkındalık seviyeleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Hazırlanan bu formlar, veri çeşitliliği sağlanması amacıyla farklı sınıf kademelerine ve matematik dersi öğrenim programındaki farklı kazanımlara yönelik olacak şekilde oluşturulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak ayrıca yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama süreci 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılının güz ve bahar dönemlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen formların uzman görüşü alınıp gerekli düzeltmelerin yapılmasının ardından, İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Programı'nın dördüncü sınıfına kayıtlı beş öğretmen adayına pilot uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Formlara nihai şeklin verilmesinin ardından, İç Anadolu Bölgesi'nde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinin İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Programı üçüncü sınıfına kayıtlı 42 öğretmen adayından veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde uygun örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın modeli olarak durum çalışmasının iç içe geçmiş tek durum deseni tercih edilmiştir. Toplanan nitel verilerin analizi için yanıtların üç düzeyde kategorilendirildiği değerlendirme rubrikleri kullanılmıştır. Formlar aracılığıyla veriler toplandıktan sonra yedi öğretmen adayı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerde alınan ses kayıtları yazıya dönüştürülerek nitel analizleri yapılmıştır. Nitel analizler sonucu öğretmen adaylarının sosyomatematiksel normlara yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin genel olarak orta seviyede olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca düzeyler arası farklılaşmaların olduğu, her sosyomatematiksel normun incelenen farkındalık alt bileşeni ne olursa olsun farkındalık seviyelerinin eşit düzeyde olmadığı da görülmüştür. Yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerin sonuçları da bunu destekler niteliktedir. Son olarak ileride bu konu üzerinde çalışma yürütecek araştırmacılara, konu hakkında eğitimler verilen katılımcılar üzerindeki sosyomatematiksel norm farkındalık seviyesinin değişiminin incelenmesine yönelik ön test-son test tarzı çalışmalar yapmaları önerilmiştir.The aim of this study is to determine the awareness levels of prospective elementary mathematics teachers towards sociomathematical norms. For this purpose, firstly, the relevant literature was reviewed and teacher-student dialog sections with sociomathematical norms in different classroom microcultures were examined in detail. Then, forms were developed to determine the sociomathematical norm awareness levels of pre-service teachers. Through the forms developed in line with the purpose of the study, it was tried to determine the awareness levels of sociomathematical norms with different categories such as recognizing sociomathematical norms, associating them with teacher-student discourses, choosing norms appropriate to the given problem situations, and writing teacher-student dialogues about norms. These forms were prepared for different grade levels and different learning outcomes in the mathematics curriculum in order to provide data diversity. A semi-structured interview form was also used as a data collection tool. The data collection process of the study was carried out in the fall and spring semesters of the 2022-2023 academic year. After receiving expert opinions and making the necessary corrections, the developed forms were piloted with five prospective teachers enrolled in the fourth year of the Elementary Mathematics Teacher Education Program. After the forms were finalized, data were collected from 42 pre-service teachers enrolled in the third year of the Elementary Mathematics Teacher Education Program of a state university in the Central Anatolia Region. Convenient sampling method was used to determine the study group. The nested single case design of the case study was preferred as the research model. For the analysis of the collected qualitative data, evaluation rubrics were used in which the responses were categorized at three levels. After collecting the data through the forms, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven pre-service teachers. The audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively. As a result of the qualitative analyses, it was seen that the awareness levels of pre-service teachers towards sociomathematical norms were generally at a medium level. In addition, it was also seen that there were differentiations between levels and that the awareness levels of each sociomathematical norm were not at the same level regardless of the awareness subcomponent examined. The results of the semi-structured interviews also support this. Finally, it is suggested that researchers who will conduct future studies on this subject should conduct pre-test-post-test studies to examine the change in the level of awareness of sociomathematical norms on the participants who were trained on the subject