International Research Journal of Tamil
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Modern Tamil Creation Registered A. Madhavan’s Ilakkiya Chuvadukal
Get PDFIn the contemporary modern environment, humanity's quest for knowledge openings is spreading wider and deeper. In the contemporary modern environment, humanity's quest for knowledge openings is spreading wider and deeper. Critical trends that are part of modern art-literature texts are universally creating multifaceted openings for intellectual dialogues in everyday life. Today, its ramifications have crossed the western horizons of the world and have begun to settle in Indo-Tamil regions as well. In particular, when it comes to modern art-literary trends, the novel, short story, poem, drama, review, etc., and finally the 'review' section, which is placed in the last place, has become literature in the public space and a kind of art in the private space and is receiving unique attention. In this way, while all the other artistic-literary activities are traveling with only single functions as their characteristics, only this form of review 'perspective' has many characteristics in itself and determines the metabolism of other artistic-literary forms. As such, it deserves special attention among modern Tamil authors and in creative studies. Although the beginnings of criticism in Tamil literature date back to the period of the textualists, it gained momentum only in the early twentieth century. In particular, the marriage Selvakesavaraya Mudaliar is the starting point of modern Tamil literature. However, while he only did original review work, some of his successors have been doing review work as well as creative work. A. Madhavan deserves to be mentioned in this series
Korkai Novel’s Pearl Fishery
Get PDFDuring the Sangam period, the people who lived in the Neythal region had fishing as their main occupation, however, those who lived near the seas rich in pearl shells were also involved in Pearl Fishery. It is detailed in the Sangam texts that two thousand years ago, the profession of Pearl Fishery was seen in ancient Tamil Nadu. The city of Korkai had the distinction of being the capital of the Pandya kingdom as it flourished in Pearl Fishery. The Paratavars, who had long had the right to Pearl Fishery, were invaded and subdued by the Mohammedans who usurped their right. In medieval history, the right to Pearl Fishery the Paratavars was completely usurped by foreign domination. Pearling is not an all-time business. You have to wait for the pearl growing season. The Paratavars refer to the giving of pearls by the term oyster. Silam is divided into profits and means funds from the sea. Produce of a single dive at a pearl fishery is the most important people involved in the pearling industry. Paratavars use mantras to avoid danger from ferocious sharks while kissing. These sorcerers are named sea lumps. It is known that pearls are divided into three types and these pearls are harvested in winter
Ku. Azhagirisami’s Anbalippu Short Stories Human Ideals
Get PDFThe short story has a unique place in modern prose literary forms. In this way, after the innovator of the short story, it was writer Ku. Alagirisamy who took it to another platform. He is known as the greatest personality among Tamil short story writers. Even though his works are in many forms, it can be known that he has expressed the idea that the short story form has come to convey. He has written more than a hundred short stories. Short story collections such as Anpalippu, cirikkavillai, tavappayan, varappiracatam, kaviyum katalum, cevi caykka oruvn, putiya roja, Thuruvu etc. can be mentioned here. His short story collection 'Anbalippu' won the Sahitya Academy Award in 1970. Even though he was not alive when the award was presented, the 12 short stories in this collection of his short stories are still alive. Even after 52 years, these stories are relevant and comforting to today's situation. In the short stories of K. Alagirisamy, we can know the existence of ideals suitable for human life. Research paper is the symbol of those norms. The opening short story ' Anbalippu' depicts the psychological nature of children. The stories in this collection show the ideals for human life with psychological techniques. In particular, the short stories like Anpalupu, Raja Vantirukkirar, etc. are psychological techniques and reveal human ideals. Although he was not alive when the award was given, the 12 short stories included in this collection of his short stories are still alive today. Even after 52 years, these stories are relevant to today's situation, portraying the psychological nature of children and simple language
A Green Bird with a Red Neck – Issues in Women's Life in the Short Stories
Get PDFLiterature in the form of short stories captures the social issues and events of the day. Tamil short story writers use their writing to reflect on the Tamil culture and way of life. Feminist author Ambai has demonstrated how female characters can successfully handle issues in their lives. In Ambai's short stories, a girl who has been terrified for a very long time and unable to run by herself can be seen strolling as an innovator. Her short story, "A Green Bird with a Red Neck," explores a woman's life struggles and her love for her father. The collection of short stories "Payanam 21" demonstrates how determined women who wish to be married again must be to overcome obstacles at home and in society. The short story "The City that Rises from the Ashes" helps the reader to understand the sorrow of women who work despite age and retirement restrictions. Next, in the short story 'A Green Bird with a Red Neck', the author reveals that women abandoned by their husbands are determined to raise their children on their own. The short story "Veethal" depicts the suffering endured by mothers whose children live abroad. Another short story, 'Poikai' reveals that men cannot live a woman's life, even for a single day. Apart from these, the lives of economically backward women and the hardships faced by women in other countries can be seen in the short stories. Ambai's collection of short stories, "A Green Bird with a Red Neck," demonstrates how female characters bravely handle a variety of life issues. It has received the Best Book Award in Tamil for 2021. The purpose of this article is to explore the lives and problems of diverse women that are told in the thirteen short stories in this book
Feminist Development in Kaniyazhi Magazine
Get PDFIn a society where men and women live together, equality for women is often not seen. The condition of women has been like this since time immemorial. While trying to investigate this, this research has been carried out on the topic of Feminist Development through Kaniyazhi magazine from 2000 to 2005. In this study, the origin of Kaniyazhi magazine, the purpose for which the magazine was started, the literary development of Kaniyazhi magazine etc. are mentioned. About feminism rhetoric, the way feminism developed in western countries, the way women's rights were said in Kaniyazhi's works, how women's paintings have been depicted in artworks over time, and how women's paintings express feminist ideas by feminists today have been investigated in Kaniyazhi magazine. Regarding the status of women in society, the importance given to female education, how the words for women are handled in the language in the society, and whether there are words with a unique identity have been investigated. In the conference of women writers held in Hyderabad, it was discussed how the thoughts and pride of women should be sown in the works of women writers. This article examines the manner in which the above feminist ideas have been dealt with in the creation of Kaniyazhi magazine
The Plight of the Lower Class in the Poem "Meera's Needles"
Get PDFLiterature is a reflection of society. Literature focuses on human life; it is a feast for human thought, feelings, and imagination; it is related to human language and being literary; it has the power to stir the mind of the learner and blossom in the heart. Literature with such characteristics is created according to the author's experience, concentration, human relationships, and effort. Poetry is one of the genres of literature. Meera's figurative poems, which are high in idealism, excellent in public welfare, innovative and attractive, depict the lives of lower class people without leaving room for imagination or artifice and make the readers think. This article explains them
Marginal Society Depicted in Krishnan's Songs
Get PDFFood, clothing, and shelter, which are considered essential human needs, are still not available to all. People who do not get all these are considered lower class people, marginal people, and common people. They are still living above a certain percentage of the society we live in. Creators who express their lives through nature, music, and drama are found in literature in various languages. Today, their lives are shared through the media. Among these media, the film industry is considered important. The purpose of this article is to explore the lives of marginalised people through the soundtracks featured in these films. Through screen songs, Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram, NS Krishnan, Kannadasan, and Vairamuthu were among those who created works to let the layman know the life of the common people. One of them was NS Krishnan, who was born on November 29, 1908, to Sudalaiyandi-Ishakiyammal from a small village near Nagercoil in the Kanyakumari district. The primary sources for this study are the songs composed for the film by NS Krishnan, who has expressed himself on various platforms as a theatre actor, film actor, and lyricist. He was the one who recorded the lives of the lower-class people as they were without fear of bureaucracy. He was known to be a left-wing thinker. Their works sounded like film songs as the voices of the working people who toiled all day long were not met. This analysis will be done by dividing the ideas contained in these songs into three parts, namely food, clothing, and shelter
The Patron and the Needy Virtue in Sangam Literature
Get PDFSangha literature is the repository of Tamil culture. In Sangam literature, Sangam texts have been created by the poets to describe the ancient people, the kings who were the leaders of the people, their ways of life and virtues like valor, love, and gift. Before the emergence of poets, there were oral singers named Panar (singers), Porunar (soldiers), Koothar (dancers), and Viraliyar (female songsters). The writing form was not in use in their time. There was only the pleasure of listening through the ears. The poets who found their way in education and created Sangam texts and the great men who found their way in artistic life, like Panar, Porunar, Koothar, and Viraliyar, who were the basis for the emergence of Sangam literature, have moved from place to place. Through the Sangam texts, it is known that many of these great people have suffered in poverty and weakness. Although these great people lived in poverty, they lived well even in poverty. To overcome their poverty and suffering, they sought kings and princes who could appreciate their talent and merit. These benevolent patrons fed those who came looking for them, relieved them from hunger and tiredness, gave them sustenance and alleviated their poverty, supported them and gave them life. The Sangam songs are used in this article to demonstrate the character of the poets who sought assistance, their noble minds, the excellence of charity, the usefulness of the patrons who have protected these great ones, the virtue of charity, the kind heart, the excellence of gifts, the gifts given by the patrons, the acts of kindness of ordinary citizens, and so on
Mahakavi Subramania Bharathiyar in Cultural Dimensions of Sri Lankan Tamils – A Study
Get PDFRelations between Sri Lankan Tamils and Tamil Nadu are indigenous. They are multidimensional. They span politics, geography, history, commerce, literature, art, culture, religion, and worship. Due to the popularity of Tamil personalities, it is common for their names to influence the cultural spheres of Sri Lankan Tamils. It is common practise to put the names of active personalities on corporate organisations and projects. In such a background, this research is carried out by proposing the research problem that the name of Mahakavi Bharathiyar has influenced the cultural sites of Sri Lankan Tamils. Bharathiar belongs to the list of freedom fighters who fought for India till its independence. During the colonial period, Bharathiyar resistance was seen in two ways. One is a chant against the oppressive system of foreigners, and the other is a chant against the backward ideas found in society. Through his works, Bharathiyar is notable among those who brought both of these to the masses. It is worth noting here that it was Swami Vibulananda who introduced Bharathiyar and his works to Sri Lankan Tamils. As a result, it seems that a revolutionary movement about Bharathiyar has spread among the Sri Lankan Tamils. It caused great changes in the socio-cultural sphere. Thus, Bharathi's name has gained a stable place among Sri Lankan Tamils. Bharathiyar's name spans government schools, reading roads, social charities, women's liberation organizations, newspapers, magazines, sports clubs, street names, personal names, etc. Bharathiyar's creations have also been studied at the same time that lessons about Bharathiyar have been included in the art programmes of educational institutions such as government schools and universities. Memorial lectures, study conferences, etc. have also been started in honour of Bharathiyar. Statues of Bharathiyar have been installed and many memorials have appeared in all the places where Sri Lankan Tamils live today. It is noteworthy that these activities are a sign of the Bharathi Tamil historical period and his presence here is also evident from the study
Kambar's usage of “Moongai”, a Jain vocabulary
Get PDFYeomen service has been accomplished by Tamil literary poets, who, by reintroduction of innumerable classic Tamil words and coinage of words, in their versatile creations, have not only safeguarded but also revitalized the abundant wealth of Tamil vocabulary. Kambar is at the pinnacle of this glorious legacy. His epic Kambaramayanam, uses innumerable classic words, thereby safeguarding an abundance of vocabulary. This article is an exploration on one such unique word used by him, “Moongai”, analyzing on his usage, frequency and context of usage and whether this word has been used in any other literary works pre-dating Kambar as also the etymology of the word and the times scale when the word was commonly used. This research is also draws a comparative, historical and literary evidence-based analysis of the usage of the word by Kambar as against its usage in other literary works