International Research Journal of Tamil
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Natrinai Based on the Narrative Songs of Tholkaappiyam
Get PDFTolkaappiyam is a comprehensive text on grammar which contains total 1610 sutras in the nurpa meter, it contains three books such as letters, words and subject matter. Tholkaappiyar has explained about the various types of claims both internal and external in subject matter. In particular, he points out the narration in the 15th song out of 34 songs. This article explains the way in which Natrinai songs are composed with special interpretations called narrations. M.S. Rabising explains narrations as follows. A narration where one of the characters is speaking directly to the audience is called poetry. Subjective songs are classified as ``Talaivan Kootru'', a song that sounds like a boy speaking, and ``Thozhi Kootru'', a song that sounds like a friend speaking. In Tiruvalluvar's Kamathuppal, this type of narration or conversationis very famous. In subjective literature, the hero and the heroine are the main character for narration. Therefore, this article reveals the manner in which the narrators follow the internal norms by analyzing the hymns from the perspective of the performers during the times of love making
Shakti Jyoti's Psychological View of Bamboo Rice Bursting Season
Get PDFPsychology is the study of the human mind. Psychologists point out that the reason for physical diseases and nerve disorders in a man are his mental problems. Humans life is naturally filled with full of desires and humans live their life to fulfill it. But because of culture and civilization humans get compressed. At an early age, the mind becomes divided into the conscious mind and the unconscious mind, and then the conscious mind absorbs everything. Morality bores them out. Thus, unfulfilled desires are accumulated in consciousness. The memories that are collected in this way are fulfilled in dreams. Although the memories are created by the creator in conscious state, they can be considered as dreams, which are called daydreams. All poems are reflections of daydreams. From the psychological point of view, sexual desire is found in abundance in Shakti Jyoti's poems. In this article the adaptability, self-defence, and cultural nature of the female are well explained
Feminism in Poems of Manushya Puthiran
Get PDFThe skill of a writer is revealed in the language and style he uses. The way he expresses his thoughts is the basis for his works. The language used by the creator is the only proof for his skills, when poetry and prose flourish through the medium of language. Puthukavithai is a collection of poems which totally differs from old style and it broke the tradition of grammar and got published after facing many struggles. In the early days, the traditional poets criticized the new poetry but the new poets appreciated Puthukavithai. Many poets have created various poems in the world of new poetry. Prominent among them is the poet Manushya Puthiran. Feminist thoughts are featured in his poems. Changes in women's lives, women with inferiority complex, women who have progressed without worrying about their image, and the condition of working women have been covered in this article
Virtue in Philosophical Songs of Kannadasan
Get PDFVirtue promotes human beings intellectual and moral capabilities and shows how one should behave in society. Virtue can be defined as a set of behaviors accepted by a society. Virtues are not the same in all societies and it varies with time, belief and culture. So long virtue has long been explored from a religious perspective. Thiruvalluvar said that the books of virtue arose to talk about virtue. If we use the virtues in an orderly manner, we can become a better person in the society. Many books, articles, stories and theories have been written and published based on morality. In today's era, there is no human being who hates music. Various messages are conveyed to people through music and virtue is one among them. In society we can find many scholars like film lyricists and poets. Kannadasan is a very famous writer and he has written more than four thousand poems, more than five thousand film songs and many articles. He explained many philosophical ideas to the people through film songs. It seems that the philosophical thoughts of Karaimuthu poet have got a stable place among the people. Thus, the article explores the virtues in philosophical songs of Kannadasan
Morality of Karikai Adhirai
Get PDFManimekalai has played a very important role in the history of Tamil literature. Manimekalai stands as an example of artistic ability and morality. In this great epic various character emphasize the nature of appetizing food. Adhirai, a character in Manimekalai expresses the best reinforcement for virtue. Manimekalai tried to save the world by providing basic food to all humans. Eradication of hunger is the main task of every king. Manimekalai also want to serve food for the poor. Manimekalai want to serve food using the divine copper vessel and so she searches for Adhirai with the help Kaya Sandigai. Kaya Sandigai is a woman living in the Gandharva world. Due to her demonic hunger, she reaches Chakravala Kotham in search of food. By seeing the pitiful situation of the human, she takes responsibility to feed all the people. Adhirai is the supporter of Manimekalai. It is very important for today's leaders to know who Adhirai is and for what she is special about. Based on that, the article analysis the characteristics of Adhirai who contributed to Manimekalai's virtue from a feminist point of view
Philosophical Thoughts in Thirukkural
Get PDFEvery human being should do virtue as much as possible. A richest person will not attain happiness until he spends his money in charity and by spending so he will get more pleasure. Virtue adds pride to human life. There is no wealth better than virtue. In today's civilized world, morality is the number one thing that mankind lacks. The first wealth that one can acquire is education. Education is a tool that opens man's knowledge. If a man has good knowledge, no powerful enemy can destroy him and it protects him from his sufferings. The mind is like a cow and it tends to go where ever its feet go. Having good knowledge stops a person from doing evil things. When friends do immoral things, it is our duty to take him into the right path. In this way, this article examines morality, education, moral ideas and knowledge
Denial of bravery and the Narration of Morality
Get PDFOnly those books which talk about ethics throughout the book are called moral books. But in the Sangam songs, there are moral ideas embedded in the puram songs. Similarly, in the akam hymns, the order of virtue is stated ethically. Madurai Kanchi and Silappathikaram are not the two moral books in the history of Tamil literature. However, there are ethical ideas embedded in them. In both books, the places where virtues are talked about are very important. In particular, they have emphasized morality as an alternative to virtue. In the Tamil tradition, virtue is placed in these two books as an alternative to heroism and love. Heroism refers to fighting, losing, and sacrificing lives. Virtue speaks of peace, no sacrifice of life, and no hostility. The purpose of this article is to examine how these two characteristics are found in Madurai Kanchi and Silappathikaram
The Marginalized People from the Perspective Su Venugopal
Get PDFAfter the nineties, the theory of postmodernism became hotly talked about in the artistic and literary contexts of Tamil. In the marginal counter-narratives posed by this theory, the marginal concepts provided many new openings. Thus, the views and records of marginalized people who were subjected to neglect and oppression gained a new lease on life. There are also contributions from many authors behind this. In this Su Venugopal is remarkable. In all his stories, humanity is at the core of it. His voice for the marginalized sections of the downtrodden is silently recorded in the stories, with a sharply critical tone towards the prevailing dominant society. Thus, this article examines Su Venugopal's fictions about agricultural labourers, women, the physically challenged, and transgenders living in the marginalized state away from the core. Su Venugopal is a storyteller with a realist background in a straightforward narrative. There are more than five volumes of his short stories and this article is the subject of his research. This article moves on to the hypothesis that Su Venugopal's stories explain marginalized people and their lives from within their own domain. The physical and mental distress and crowded acts of relationships of marginalized people who yearn for support, comfort, and warmth become central to Su Venugopal's stories
The Life Virtues of Women in Kalithogai
Get PDFTamil is the world's oldest language. Tamil language has achieved high status and excellence, the reason behind it is the concept of virtue in grammar texts and other literary resources. Tamil peoples are welcomed all around the world because of these things that have been set up in the best way. Many writers still today learn the literary texts of Sangam literature which contains great moral ideas. In particular, Thirukkural, Naladiyar, etc. are considered as the best books. Ettuthogai, a classical Tamil poetic work, each anthology in this work has a story line. In particular, among the eight books of Ettuthogai, Kalithogai is the best book. The book is about the joys and sorrows between husband and wife. Each song in it points out the natural environment and human dignity. The ancient kings approached nature and experienced the romantic feelings of the common people and had sung beautiful songs. ‘Balaikali’ sung by Cheramannan Perungatungo and Mullaikali songs sung by Cholan Nalluruthiran proves it. Perungadungo's songs are the parables about people's life, and about morality. Perungadungo makes it very clear that it is not possible to find happiness in life only with material things. In this way, the virtues of the lovers of the Kalithogai has been highlighted. 
Sivagan's Friendly Relations in Jivaka Chintamani
Get PDFCivaka Chintamani is one of the five great epics that have appeared in the Tamil language. It was first made up of Vritthappa (a kind of 4-line verse). The four meanings of righteousness, materialism, happiness, and home are dealt with in this. Dhandiyalangaram has the distinction of matching the great epic grammar. It consists of 3145 songs and thirteen sections. In this epic, it reveals the history of Sivagan, the way of life as a king who conquers the lost country and rules the scepter, and the friendship between Sivaka and Padumukhan, Buddhi Senan, Vijayan, and Uloha Balan. This article examines the fact that it was the comrades and the friendship between them that were the fundamental reasons for Sivagan to attain a higher position in his life