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The method of recruiting humans in the light of hadiths and carrying the prophet's example to the present
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmamızda hadisler ışığında insan kazanma yöntemi ve nebevi örnekliğin günümüze taşınmasını konu ettik. Bir şahsın konumu ve başarısı tespit edilirken onun söz ve davranışlarını ihtiva eden kaynaklara başvurulur. Bu bağlamda biz de Kur'an'ı ve hadis kaynaklarını temel kabul ederken İslam tarihi ve diğer kaynaklardan da istifade ettik. Hz. Peygamber'in izlediği yöntemi ölçü alarak onun insanlığa vermek istediği mesajı ele aldık. Çalışmamız girişi takip eden Yüce Allah'ın Hz. Peygamber'e ahlâk öğretisi Hz. Peygamber'in insan kazanma yöntemindeki detaylar onun ailesi, akrabaları, çocuklar, gençler ve ehl-i kitapla olan ilişkileri başlıklarını ihtiva eden iki bölümden müteşekkildir.In this study, we have discussed the method of gaining people in the light of hadiths and the transfer of prophetic example to the present day.While determining the position and success of a person; In terms of content, sources related to his words and behaviors are consulted. In this context, we also know the Qur'an and Hadith resources to the main eye; We also benefited from Islamic history and other sources. Taking the method followed by the Prophet as a benchmark, we discussed the message he wanted to give to humanity. Our work; Allah's Messenger, who followed the entry, The moral teaching of the Prophet, Hz. The details of the Prophet's method of acquiring human beings consist of three sections, including his family, relatives, children and youth, and his relations with the ahl el-Kitab
Üstbilişsel Sorgulamaya Dayalı Tasarlanan Öğrenme Ortamında Olasılık Öğrenme Süreci: Bir Öğretim Deneyi
No full textBu çalışma ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adayları için tasarlanan üstbilişsel sorgulamaya dayalı öğrenme ortamını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda olasılık kavramının öğretimi için üstbilişsel sorgulamaya dayalı bir öğrenme ortamı tasarlanmıştır. Bu öğrenme ortamında her uygulamanın ardından yapılan görüşmeler ve araştırmacının izlenimleri sonucunda öğrenme ortamında düzenlemelere gidilmiştir. Yapılan düzenlemeler kapsamında matematik öğretmeni adayları için üstbilişsel sorgulamaya dayalı alternatif bir öğrenme ortamı ortaya çıkmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenine göre yürütülen bu çalışmada öğretim deneyi modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya tamamı Türk 31 matematik öğretmeni adayı katılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri görüşme formu, gözlem formu ve katılımcı günlükleri ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar üstbilişsel sorgulamaya dayalı tasarlanan öğrenme ortamında katılımcıları çözüme götürmek üzere hazırlanan ipucu kartlarının ilk uygulamalarda gerekli olduğunu ancak ilerleyen uygulamalarda katılımcıların bu ipucu kartlarına gerek duymadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca küçük grup çalışması olarak başlayan etkinlikler öğretmen adaylarından alınan dönütler doğrultusunda bireysel etkinliklere dönüştürülmüştür. Bireysel uygulamalarda öğretmen adaylarının küçük grup çalışmasına göre daha fazla sorgulama yaptıkları belirlenmiştir
Antimony and arsenic contamination in water from antimonite mineralization: a case study from Turhal (Tokat, Northern Turkey)
No full textThe sources and fate of antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) in water resources around antimonite (a.k.a. stibnite) deposits is of great concern due to their adverse effects on the environment and human health. The aim of this study was to determine geochemical compositions of gangue/ore material and water samples collected in and around the antimonite deposits located near Turhal (Tokat, Northern Turkey). Turhal antimonite deposits, recognized as the largest in Turkey, are hosted in pre-Upper Jurassic low-grade metamorphic rocks where the antimonite ore is mainly composed of stibnite and quartz. Quartz is also the dominant gangue mineral, with minor amounts of carbonates. The ore samples contain high concentrations of Sb (27.98 ? 60.83 wt.% as Sb2O3) and As (3453 ? 5010 ppm). The gangue material contains significant amounts of As (529 ppm), Cr (664 ppm), and Ti (256 ppm). Water samples collected from the study area are characterized by slightly alkaline pH (6.48–8.40) and low Eh (–46 to –5 mV) with electrical conductivity values ranging between 571 and 1607 µS cm?1. There is a significant trace element contamination in the aquifer system, especially in water samples collected from the areas hydrologically downgradient of antimonite deposits, where concentrations (in µg L?1) reach up to 271.6 for Sb, 429.4 for As, and 2203 for B. There is a high risk of toxicity for the livestock, as well as the human population consuming their products, since Sb and As contaminated springs in the region are used for watering farm animals. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Characterisation and functional roles of a highly branched dextran produced by a bee pollen isolate Leuconostoc mesenteroides BI-20
No full textLactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from different niches can be responsible for the production of distinct exopoly-saccharides (EPS) that might possess important structural and technological features. In this respect, the aim of this study was to isolate an EPS producer LAB strain from bee pollen environment. Leuconostoc mesenteroides BI-20 with a slimy-mucoid colony morphology was identified from bee pollen and the structural, technological and functional characteristics of EPS produced by this strain were determined. EPS BI-20 was a highly branched dextran containing 20% (1 -> 3)-linked alpha-D-glucose branches determined by H-1 and C-13 NMR analysis. The presence of (1 -> 6)/(1 -> 3)-linked alpha-D-glucose linkages in dextran BI-20 was also confirmed by FTIR analysis. Dextran BI-20, with a molecular weight of 1 x 10(8) Da, possessed strong thermal properties, amorphous nature and highly branched and fibrous microstructural characteristics determined by DSC, TGA, XRD and SEM analysis, respectively. In terms of functional roles, dextran BI-20 demonstrated strong antioxidant capacity detected by ABTS and CUPRAC tests. Finally, no digestion was observed in dextran BI-20 under simulated gastric conditions. Results of this study unveiled techno-functional characteristics of dextran BI-20 produced by a bee pollen isolate LAB strain.King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia [FP-59-42]; DSRThe Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia has funded this project, under grant no. FP-59-42. The authors, therefore, gratefully acknowledge the DSR technical and financial support
An evaluation of narratives in the 'Kitab al-'Adhamah' of Abu al-Shaykh al-Isfahani
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıEbü'ş-Şeyh el-İsfahânî, İsfahân'da yaşamış ve birçok alanda eser telif etmiş, farklı alanlarda ilmî donanımı olan, zamanının önemli hadisçilerindendir. Onun yazdığı kitaplardan sadece bazıları günümüze ulaşmıştır. Kitâbü'l-Azame, yazılış amacı ve ihtivâ ettiği konular itibariyle müellifin günümüze ulaşan özel eserlerinden biridir. Kitâbü'l-Azame, çok farklı bir ilmî yaklaşımın ve bakış açısının ürünüdür. Dolayısıyla bu eseri anlamak için Ebü'ş-Şeyh'in ilmî yönünün ve yaşadığı dönemdeki ilmî faaliyetlerin ortaya konulması önem arz etmektedir. Kitâbü'l-Azame'nin ismi, eserde yer alan rivâyetlerin incelenmesi, eserde takip edilen metodolojinin tespiti, onun Ebü'ş-Şeyh'e aidiyeti, şekil ve metin açısından değerlendirilmesi, eserde yer verilen ve Kütüb-i Sitte'de geçen rivâyetlerin hangi bâblarda geçtiğinin mukayesesi, eserin daha iyi tanınmasını sağlayacaktır. Rivâyetlerin muhtevâsı, konulara göre dağılımı, eserde yer verilen haberlerin itikâdî alan ile ilişkisi, Kitâbü'l-Azame'deki kozmolojik, isrâîlî, mitolojik ve mevzû rivâyetler arasındaki bağlantının ortaya konulması, eserin yazıldığı dönem itibariyle değerini ortaya çıkaracaktır. Çalışmanın giriş kısmında tezin amacı, önemi, metodu ve kaynakları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Tezin birinci bölümünde Ebü'ş-Şeyh'in yaşadığı dönem, hayatı, ilmî kişiliği ve eserleri, ikinci bölümde Kitâbü'l-Azame'nin şekil ve muhtevâ açısından özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde ise rivâyetler, isnâd ve metin açısından tahlîl edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç kısmında ise tezde ulaştığımız tespitlere yer verilmiştir.Abu al-Shaykh al-Isfahani is one of the important hadith scholars of his time, who lived in Isfahan and wrote works in many fields and was well equipped with scientific knowledge in different fields. Only some of the books he wrote have survived to the present day. Kitab al-'Adhamah is one of the specific works of the author in terms of the purpose of writing and the subjects it contains. Kitab al-'Adhamah is the product of a very different scientific approach and perspective. Therefore, in order to understand this work, it is important to reveal the scientific aspect of Abu al-Shaykh and the scientific activities in the period he lived. The name of Kitab al-'Adhamah, the determination of the methodology used in the work by examining the narratives in the work, its evaluation in terms of belonging to Abu al-Shaykh as well as its form and text, and comparison of the chapters of the narratives included in the work and in the Kutub al-Sittah will provide a better recognition of the work. The content and distribution of the narratives according to subjects, the relationship of the knowledge in the work with theological issues, and revealing the connection between the cosmological, isra'iliyyah, mythological and mawdu'(fabricated) narratives in Kitab al-'Adhamah will reveal the value of the work as of the period it was written. In this context, in the introduction part of the study, information about the purpose, importance, method and sources of the thesis is given. In the first part of the thesis, the period in which Abu al-Shaykh lived, his biography, scientific personality and works are explained while the second part emphasizes the characteristics of Kitab al-'Adhamah in terms of form and content. In the third part, the narratives were evaluated by analyzing in terms of chain of narrators and text. In the conclusion part, the findings we obtained in the thesis are given
Determination of flow distance of the fluid metal due to fluidity in ductile iron casting by artificial neural networks approach
No full textDuctile irons (DIs) have properties such as high strength, ductility, and toughness, as well as a low degree of melting, good fluidity, and good machining. Having these characteristics make them the most preferred among cast irons. The combination of excellent properties, especially in DI castings with a thin section, make it an alternative for steel casting and forging. But in the manufacture of thin-section parts, fluidity characteristics need to be improved and the liquid metal must fill the mold completely. The fluidity of liquid metal is influenced by many factors depending on the casting processes such as material and mold properties, casting temperature, inoculation, globalization, and grain refinement. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model has been developed that allows for determining the flow distance of the liquid metal in the sand mold casting method under changing casting conditions of DI. Thus, the flow distance was estimated depending on the cross-sectional thickness during the sand casting under changing casting conditions. The experimental parameters were determined as casting temperature, liquid metal metallurgy quality, cross-sectional thickness, and filling time. Filling modeling was performed with FlowCast software. When the results were examined, it was seen that the developed ANN model has high success in predicting the flow distances of the liquid metal under different casting conditions. The calculated coefficient of determination (R (2)) value of 0.986 confirms the high prediction performance of the model
Content Analysis for Postgraduate Theses Related to Teaching Turkish in the Balkan Countries
No full textIt is aimed to examine the research trends of the postgraduate theses on the Turkish language education and teaching Turkish in the Balkan countries i.e. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Greece in this study. This study was carried out using descriptive content analysis, which is one of the content analysis methods. In the study, data were collected through document analysis. The sample of the research consists of postgraduate theses which were published in the YÖK (Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu) Thesis Center and on the Turkish language education and teaching Turkish in the Balkan countries. 26 different postgraduate theses which can be sampled have been determined for this purpose. The theses sampled were subjected to an analysis under the themes of country, year of preparation, distribution of doctoral or master’s theses, university, subject areas, and method. Descriptive content analysis was applied in the analysis of the acquired data. It has been seen that these theses are related to 7 Balkan countries i.e. Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Romania, and Greece as a result of the study. Any studies related to Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia from other Balkan countries were not found. Most of the postgraduate studies are related to Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo. 26 postgraduate theses were prepared between 2003 and 2021. 22 of the postgraduate studies are at the master’s level, and 4 of them are at the doctoral level. Mostly qualitative research design was used in the examined theses. It is observed that postgraduate studies have been conducted in 12 universities on teaching Turkish related to the Balkan countries in Turkey. The largest number of postgraduate studies were conducted at Gazi University among these universities. The subjects discussed in the theses on teaching Turkish in the Balkan countries are discussed under 14 subject titles. Writing skill was discussed more intensively in terms of subject frequency. It can be suggested that results of the theses covering the subjects of needs analysis and perception-view based upon teaching Turkish should be examined by Turkish governmental institutions teaching Turkish in these countries, and Turkish teaching policies should be updated based upon the results
Bir Osmanlı Vâizi Eğinli Rahmi Efendi’nin İman Meselesine Yaklaşımı
No full textTopluma temas edebilmenin ve kitlelerin bilincini yönlendirebilmenin en işlevsel araçlarından biri olan vaazlar, bünyesinde mev'iza türü anlatıların yanı sıra İslâmî ilimlerin kelâm, fıkıh, tefsir gibi sahalarına dair bilgiler ihtiva eden metinlere dayanılarak icra edilmektedir. Bu yönüyle vaazlar ve kendilerine kaynaklık eden metinler, bazı kanıların aksine halkın birtakım hikayelerle oyalandırıldığı, hurafelerle zihinlerinin iğdiş edildiği telifler değil, yazıldığı dönemin dini, iktisadi, içtimâi ve kültürel problemlerinin göz önünde bulundurulmasıyla kaleme alınıp, cemiyetin tasavvurunu sahih din inancı çerçevesinde şekillendiren başyapıtlardır. Bu çalışma 19. asır İstanbul vâizlerinden Eğinli Rahmi Efendi'nin (ö.1327/1909) vaazlarından müteşekkil Tefcîru't-tesnîm fî kalbin selîm isimli eserinin analizini konu edinmiştir. Bu minvalde Eğinli’nin modern düşünce ile yüzleşen Osmanlı Müslüman toplumunun müntesiplerine, bilmeleri zaruri olan kelâmi esasları vaaz kürsüsünden açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir
A study on the effects of nanostructure reinforcement on the failure load in adhesively bonded joints after the subjected to fully reversed fatigue load
No full textToday, adhesively bonded joints are frequently used in the space and aviation industries. Joints used in these sectors are generally subject to dynamic loads due to environmental factors. This study experimentally and numerically investigated the static tensile loads of adhesively bonded joints after fully reversed (combination of tensile and compressive) fatigue loading where nanoadhesives - obtained by adding carbon nanostructures into aerospace grade structural adhesive - were used to bond the joints. Single lap joint specimens were produced using a nanocomposite adhesive obtained by adding 1 wt. % graphene, 1 wt. % carbon nanotubes-COOH and 1 wt. % fullerene C60 nanostructures to a DP460 structural adhesive. AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy and carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) with a plain weave fabric (0/90 degrees) were used as adherend materials. First, static tensile tests were applied to these joints to obtain their failure loads and then fully reversed sinusoidal fatigue tests were applied under a constant load amplitude, a frequency of 20 Hz and a load ratio of R = -1. Considering the failure loads obtained from the static tensile tests, 10(6) fully reversed fatigue loading cycles were applied - which was accepted as an infinite life - at 400 N, 800 N and 1200 N load levels. The static tensile failure loads and energy values absorbed of these joints were obtained and the change in the failure loads and energy values absorbed of the joints subjected to fatigue was investigated. The static failure loads of aluminum joints bonded with nanoadhesive and subjected to fully reversed fatigue loading increased by approximately 5% to 17%, depending on the nanostructure type added to the adhesive. Moreover, it was observed that there was an increase in loading of approximately 3% to 20% for the nanostructure reinforced joints obtained by using CFRCs with [0/90](6) stacking sequence.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-TUBITAK [119M666]This study was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-TUBITAK through the Project no. 119M666
Factors affecting religious knowledge in religious education
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada, din eğitiminde dinî bilgiyi etkileyen sosyal faktörler sosyal temeller bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde bilgi kavramının tanımı yapılarak, bilgi kavramı ile ilgili temel açıklamalar yapılmıştır. İkinci bölümde, din toplum ilişkisi karşılıklı olarak ele alınmış ve birbirlerine etkileri ortaya konulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde ise din eğitiminin ve dinî bilginin sosyal temelleri Kur'an'ı Kerîm, Sünnet, Gelenek, Kültür, Küreselleşme ve Modernite başlıkları altında işlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda din eğitiminde kullanılan dinî bilginin amacına uygun bir şekilde anlaşılması için hayatla ilişkilendirilmesi, sorunlara çözüm üretecek şekilde güncellenmesi ve batıl inançları fark edip eleyecek seviyede dini okuryazarlık becerisine sahip olunmasının önemi ortaya konulmuştur.In this study, social factors affecting religious knowledge in religious education are discussed in the context of social foundations. This study consists of three parts. In the first chapter, the definition of the concept of knowledge is made and basic explanations about the concept of knowledge are made. In the second part, the relationship between religion and society is discussed and their effects on each other are revealed. In the third part, the social foundations of religious education and religious knowledge are covered under the titles of the Holy Quran, Sunnah, Tradition, Culture, Globalization and Modernity. At the end of the study, the importance of associating the religious knowledge used in religious education with life in order to be understood in accordance with its purpose, updating it to produce solutions to problems and having religious literacy skills at a level to notice and eliminate superstitions has been revealed